The cactus is a plant which grows in very hot, dry places. They do not have leaves. Instead, they
have spiny needles which stick out of their stems. There are many shapes of the cactus. Some are small and
round. Others are tall like columns or piillllars. Some are shaped like tubes or bells. Some are shaped like
wheels. Some grow as trees or shrubs. Others grow as ground cover. Cactus flowers are big, and some of
them blloom at night. Their flowers come out at night because they are polllliinatted by insects or small
animals that come out at night. Insects and small animals carry pollen from one cactus to another.
Most cacti live in North and South America. Others live in Africa, Madagascar, and Sri Lanka.
Cacti do not have very large leaves because large leaves would allow the water to evaporatte. When
water evaporates, it changes from a liquid to a gas. When it becomes a gas, it is light enough to move
through the air. That would be bad for the cactus because the cactus needs the water to live.
Some cacti have waxy coatings on their stems, so that water will run down the stem to the roots.
Cacti can absorb water from fog in the air, since it does not rain very much in the desert. Most cacti have
long roots which can spread out close to the surface so they can absorb a lot of water on the occasions when
it rains.

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