ملتقى طلاب وطالبات جامعة الملك فيصل,جامعة الدمام - اللغة الانجليزية Third year - 6th level

LECTURE SEVEN

Thomas hardy born in 1840 ,towards the mid Victorian period ,dieing in 1928 we will see that he has witnessed almost have of the Victorian period and three decades of the modern time , so you can see that there is some sort of transition , even later on when he started writing towards the 70s ,80s, and 90s and some of his books were published at the beginning of the 20th c.
So these kinds of writers who come in a transitional stages usually witness t he change from one period to the other. E said something about George Eliot that she was revolutionary in trying to bring about changes in the Victorian novel, now we know Thomas hardy today as a novelist and a poet , he was a short story writer , we will look at his fiction mainly his major works , because he started as a poet and actually he was an architect , and later on following the advice of one of his friends George martin a Victorian novelist he started to write novels. At the very beginning his novels were not very successful and he did not succeed in getting them published , they were burnt but not by him but by someone who was looking after his property after his death , that is why we do not have any trace of his early novels only the later ones.
He was born in Dorchester south of England , where people lived in a place that is so lavish with its natural beauty and it is beside the sea too , so again you can see similarities in the birth place and the environment in which the two novelists we are discussing have grown up and the beautiful nature that sparkled the imagination of the two novelists .
He had a very informal education as a child and mainly it was his mother who was very careful about the type of books her son had ,because he was living in the suburbs so he did not get a really good education at that time ,. But she was careful to introduce him to the world of culture and knowledge and books of literature that she made him read , so she had a major influence over him and we can always remember Thomas hardy's mother for her influence in the creativity of Thomas hardy at that time. As for his father he was a local builder , he was not a very educated man.
At his 20s he moved in 1862 to London and there he got the chance for a proper education , he became a student at King's Collage in London, to study architecture and this had much influence on his writings, he succeeded in getting a degree in architecture.
He have had two marriages the first one was to a woman who he was in love with and it was not a very long marriage because his wife died early and it seems that the sense of loss and grief over her death has resulted a number of poems written to show his sense of grief over his wife ,so yet it was a tragic experience it was very nourishing for him as a writer and as a poet.

As for his second marriage he married his secretary , who was 40 years younger than himself , this was an unusual thing during the Victorian time, the marriage was successful, his wife Emma was careful in collecting his notes, articles and journals in a biography so we are thankful to Emma for doing that because of the incident of burning his house so without Emma we couldn't have had anything to read and learn from Thomas hardy if it was not for her.
Thomas hardy belongs to the realist school like George Eliot his, his characters were most depicted from his society and the topics he choose were again related to society , the changes in peoples' morals and traditions and how he felt about these traditions and the way he puts them in his novels in a very realistic style ,so we can consider him as a realist ,like George Eliot there was many objectionable things about his views the experiences and the type of novels , maybe he has not done something as outrageous as George Eliot by living with a married man , but he has expressed freely and openly his views of religion and society and how society change the morals that Victorians were holding on to ,he has expressed his criticism about these things very frankly in his novels, that is why his novels were not favorably received by his readers and critics of that time.
One of the things that he has expressed freely is his view of religion , we can see in his works that his faith was there it was intact , yet we have certain views about the traditional Christian view of god , which we as Muslims look at and criticize .
People did not understand why he is criticizing there morals, traditions and believes and that affected his reputation as a writer , he was not received very well .
He wrote about supernatural elements ,which is obvious in his works as we will see in The Return of The Native ex: people having superstitions about magic , full moon , witches and witchcraft .
We said that there is something very distinctive about his character that he usually explore tragic characters , traveling in their passions and in the same time he shows character traveling against social circumstances. So theme of passion was not something to be discussed in the literature and novels of the Victorian period that is why his works were not received very well.
The new generation of younger writers started to appreciate Thomas hardy we can mention 2 very important and influential novelists D.H Lawrence and Reginualمش متأكدة من الاسم هذا are just examples of the writers who came later and appreciated Thomas hardy's works and they have mentioned hardy's work as a great influence on their own novels.
Another theme that we are going to see is fate, and how fate plays a major role in the lives of his characters , which something that Thomas hardy is interested in showing us , he shows very important moments in the lives of his characters where they have to make very important decisions, in other words characters trapped or countering cross roads where they have to decide to left or right , straight or backwards, these are the types of characters that hardy likes to portray.

One of the major elements of his works is the setting , he has used settings in a very special way to make it highly influential ex: like the mill and the floss they had their influence on the lives of the people living at that part of England. When we talk about Thomas hardy we see this done in a very high degree, now again similar to George Eliot he has chosen the area on which he was born and brought up which is Dorchester south of England a very beautiful area in terms of natural beauty he has chosen Dorchester to be the setting and the background of many of his novels all his major novels were set in Dorchester , but he does not give the real name of the area he uses the name Wessex , which is a fictional setting of his works , Wessex is not only the background or the place of the action , it really determines so many things about the choices that the characters make the decisions that they have to make in their lives so in his works you will find very accurate description you will see when you read the of the novel that it is mainly description of the heaths.
If we appreciate the works of Thomas hardy as a novelist we can say that despite the criticism of the themes , characters that he used to portray he became a celebrity around the 1900s with highly successful novels yet he felt disgust out of public reception towards his latest works and he gave up writing fiction all together .
So he began as a poet not as a novelist following the recommendation of the novelists he started writing his first novels but they were not published the publishers did not like the topics and the themes and the type of characters he portrays, but he managed to publish his later works almost 5 or 6 major novels and after these novels he decided to stop writing fiction because he felt that it is useless to continue writing and having the same unfavorable reception from critics and public readers , but nowadays Thomas hardy is appreciated .
If we come to talk about the major titles of his novels ex. Far From The Madding Crowd , you can see Wessex this fictional setting. In Jude The Obscure which was published in 1895 it was not received well but in a very negative outcry from the Victorian public , it was known as Jude the obscene it was nicknamed by that because of the free and open sense of love and sex and sense of passion which are seen in all of his major novelsTess of the d'Urbervilles (1891) it really attracted criticism because the protagonist was a fallen woman, at first it was refused to be published but later on he managed to get it published.
It seems that Thomas hardy was really upset because people did not understand that he has a moral to convey through his depiction of a fallen woman, even sinners have some good in them, this is the nature of human beings , so he wanted people to understand that we shouldn't really condemn people and give strict and rigid judgments on them, we should look really deep inside to find goodness were ever we may find it. So although she was a fallen woman he described her as a pure woman, showing that she has some aspects of goodness inside her that people did not see , they only see her as a sinner.
Both Jude The Obscure and Tess of the d'Urbervilles received many criticism upon publication because the examination of the fallen woman ,scenes of love and sex ,class system and that was a recurrent topic in his novels, and some views about religion ex. He said that marriage should be dissolvable, that it should come to an end as soon as it becomes a cruelty to the other party , such views shocked Victorian readers in Christianity they do not allow divorce at all if you are married you are stuck with that person for life.

Critics gave some of his characters the description of being immoral , they did not really look at the purpose of drawing such characters, all of the points that we have discussed we can put them under the title of social constraints , we can also see the society versus the individual , when an individual wants to achieve something , ex. Like in the return of the native she wants to achieve her inspirations, but her society did not allow her to do that , this reminds us of Maggie Tulliver so you see the similarities between the 2 works .
The 7th of May is the anniversary of the publication of one of Thomas hardy's novels so that is why hardies society is making some sort of seminar in celebrating this anniversary next Saturday .
The setting is in Wessex but the action of the return of the native took place in a heath called Egdon, some critics feel that the setting is so important in the return of the native that they make the setting one of the major characters in the novel, you will see this name in the character list of the novel , the setting is a major factor in the novel , an actor playing a great role in the lives of the people living in that area , in what way ???
You will see different reactions to the setting , some characters like the protagonist Eustacia she does not want to live in the heath , she feels that it is restraining her she wants the best chance to get out of there , on the contrary we find Clym the main character in the novel having had some time away from Egdon heath and we see him at the beginning of the novel coming back to the heath from Paris after getting an education and going through trading and after becoming rich, when he returns back to the heath he feels a sense of belonging and a sense of yearning that he wants to stay there forever, so you see the difference In reaction some people feel that they belong there and some want to get out of there, the heath is restricting them it is not allowing them to find their dreams so they want to leave it.
In one of the quotations of the protagonist she tells her husband later on when she marries ,she tells him I have a very hungry imagination and the heath is making me starve .
Your assignment for this week is to write about the importance of Egdon Heath in the return of the native.
So this is a summary of both characters and plot because you will not understand the plot unless you understand who the major characters are and what are their relations to each other ..you can read more in the internet.
To start we have Egdon heath as an important actor in the return of the native,Eustacia is she the female protagonist in the novel and she is described as being sensual person she really follows her passion she searches for love but she is continuously dissatisfied with the people there and it seems that she has a bad reputation there , because of her relationships with men.
One of the characters that Eustacia looks at as a rival is Thomasin another female who is very traditional ,blond , typical Victorian young woman , that so many male characters want to marry, both of them live in Egdon heath.
Damon Wildeve , he has a relationship with Eustacia though he has proposed to Thomasin, so you can see the complicated relationship and in the opening of the novel you will see that he is way ahead in getting married to Thomasin but on the wedding day something happens and they find out that some of the papers are missing , so they cannot really go on with the wedding and this gives him another chance to go to Eustacia and ask her to marry him so we can see that he is not in love with Thomasin though he proposed to marry her.
Mrs.Yeobrightis Thomasin's aunt, she is also the mother of Clym Yeobright whom Eustacia is to marry, he is the gentleman coming from Paris, educated , handsome and rich , when he returns to the heath, he sees how the people are living in superstition , he decides to become a teacher and educate them.
Diggory Venn , his job is to put the print or the mark on the sheep as the cattle belonging to a certain person , so that is a lob that is common in such places, he is in love with Thomasin and he has proposed to her , but she has rejected his proposal , he continues to love her throughout the novel, and he helps her to marry the man she loves, eventually when the man she loves dies at the end he marries her. Damon Wildeve has proposed to Eustacia but though she loves him she believes that he is not suitable for her because of her wild dreams of leaving the heath, she feels that he is inferior she wants someone better, that is why when Clym comes back she feels that he is the suitable person for her that will take her out of the heath and will make her achieve her dreams , and she sees him as her chance of leaving the heath and going to Paris.
Wildeve eventually marries after the complications of the papers , her aunt advises her not to marry him because she could see that he is not really in love with Thomasine and gossip in the heath says that he is still in love with Eustacia.
What about Eustacia the protagonist , whom does she marry???
She marries Clym under the hope that he is going to take her to Paris, he promises her that maybe after a while he might take her to Paris, he tells her that Paris is not as fascinating as she thinks it is, something happened so had to stay in the heath , she did not fulfill her dream of going to Paris, and there were gossip about her and Damon, the village accused her as a witch because of her superstition and her influence on the young men in the heath and you can see some of the practices of witchcraft and how do they punish her , so this is the end of the supernatural that is seen in the novel.
These are the major details of the novel, the title says the return of the native, who returns ??? Clym= he is the native of the heath who returns after spending some time in Paris.
Like the mill on the floss you can see that the novel is devided onto many parts and chapters , this happens with many Victorian novels because of the publication that was available at that time , many Victorian novels were first serialized in magazines in weekly chapters then later on they are published as books or novels, writing in parts defiantly affects the writers writings , it affects its plot , its depiction of the characters , when you put the parts together it will be a very long series, and the publishers in order to keep readers following the series and reading they ad a lot of suspense by adding lots of subplots, so to keep the suspense the writer would end that part in a very important event , that would guarantee that the readers suspense would be high so that they will continue to read the other installments usually this is referred to in literature as a cliffhanger.

هذي ملزززمه من العاام للبرووز ان شاء اللله تفيدكم

Quote 1: "The sea changed, the fields changed, the rivers, the villages, and the people changed, yet Egdon remained." Book 1, Chapter 1, pg. 3The setting is the isolated, desolate, wild land called Egdon Heath on a cold November evening. Nighttime brings the heath to life, awakens possibilities for its inhabitants. The people of the heath live and work comfortably here, even though it is overgrown and obscure, untouched for ages except by the wide road that now travels its length
In this quotation you notice the importance of the setting, so in any quotation mentioning Egdon heath you will have to talk about the importance of the setting because it has a major role in the novel to the extent that some critics regard it as a major character , in discussing the setting we are going to discuss three major points: the setting plays a major role in the lives of the characters ,and you give examples. The characters of the novel are devided in to two groups , those who like living in Egdon heath and others who want to leave Egdon heath , Egdon heath as a simple of fate .
There is the theme of change , everything changes except the heath it is like it is it does not change as if the writer trying to say that time is changing and developing but we should stick to our past.

Quote 2: Wildeve asks Eustacia if he should marry Thomasin; he declares, "I wish Tamsie were not such a confoundedly good little woman so that I could be faithful to you without injuring a worthy person." Part 1, Chapter 9, pg. 64Diggory Venn has been in love with Thomasin Yeobright since two years ago, when he was still in the dairy trade. He reads a letter she had written him back then, when he'd proposed to her and she had gently refused, because her aunt did not approve of his low class. Thomasin is the reason he changed occupations and is now a reddleman. Although he does not see Thomasin when traveling around the heath, selling reddle, he takes pleasure in the fact that she is nearby. He is proud that Thomasin has entrusted him with bringing her home. Although he does not believe Wildeve's feelings to be honest, Venn wants Thomasin to be happy even if her happiness means marriage to Wildeve.

Now that he knows that Eustacia is the cause of Wildeve's not marrying Thomasin, he considers her an enemy to Thomasin. He decides to spy on Eustacia and Wildeve at their secret meeting place and eavesdrops on their conversation. Wildeve asks Eustacia if he should marry Thomasin, He did not marry Thomasin, he says, because of their invalid license and because she had run away; he also hints that Thomasin's aunt is another good reason for marring Thomasin. Eustacia, who wants him to say it was her who swayed Wildeve from Tomasin, declares that he will always love her more than Thomasin and will always want to marry her. Wildeve agrees, expressing both of their desires to leave the heath forever. They both abhor the heath, and its mournful and lonely landscape.
The situation : Wildeve asks Eustacia if he should marry Thomasin, in a quotation like this you identify the characters especially if it is a direct speech , you identify the speaker and the addressee , who is speaking to whom and about what ?? can you identify these 3 things??? Wildeve talking to Eustacia about Thomasin, the situation is : Wildeve wants to marry Thomasin though he is in love with Eustacia, there is the theme of guilt and remorse because he wants to marry Thomasin though he is in love with Eustacia + the theme of morality if Thomasine was not a good person it would have been easy for Wildeve to cheat on her + theme of love and passion , both characters Wildeve and Eustacia follow their passions and they fall in love with each other in a society which represents moral Victorian society they are doing something that their society do not approve of .
Quote 3: "She had loved him partly because he was exceptional in this scene, partly because she had determined to love him, chiefly because she was in desperate need of loving somebody after wearying of Wildeve." Book 2, Chapter 6, pg. 108
Identify the characters: Wildeve, Eustacia and Clym. Identify the situation : about love and passion , you will mention Eustacia's scheme marrying Clym to leave Egdon heath she was looking for someone worthy of her not Wildeve but Clym. Themes : self center + influence of the setting from what kind of group is she loving the heath or wanting to leave it . she did not go to Paris her dream because he did not intend to leave, he betrayed her.
Quote 4: Clym's stay in Egdon has made him realize that his business in Paris is the "idlest, vainestill , most effeminate business that a man could be put to." Book 3, Chapter 1, pg. 130
It is mainly about Clym and when you mention his reaction towards the heath we will meet the point of reaction of different characters towards the heath ¸you will refer to the title of the novel , when he returns to the heath after being away for sometime in Paris he has a sense of longing and he has a sense of responsibility he sees the people there living in superstition , he feels being an educated man he has the responsibility to educate them and change them. He becomes a preacher but achieving his aim meant that he would not achieve his wife's aim of leaving the heath.
Quote 5: Clym speaks with passion, "I would give it up and try to follow some rational occupation among the people I knew best, and to whom I could be of most use." Book 3, Chapter 1, pg. 130
You will say the same thing he is expressing his sense of responsibility towards Egdon heath so this quotation is a completion of the previous quotation
Quote 6: It is painfully evident to Eustacia that although Clym is embarrassed of the heathmen, he cares very much for his home--"It is the most exhilarating, and strengthening, and soothing. I would rather live on these hills than anywhere else in the world." Book 3, Chapter 3, pg. 142
Major theme : the reaction of the characters towards the heath Clym is an example of those characters who love the heath unlike Eustacia , Clym loves the heath he wants to stay there , the influence of the heath on him is great but the heath does not react to him the same way and he at the end remains as a sad man.
Quote 7: "Though I should like Paris, I love you for yourself alone. To be your wife and live in Paris would be heaven to me; but I would rather live with you in a hermitage here than not be yours at all." Book 3, Chapter 4, pg. 152 Every night, he goes to meet Eustacia on Rainbarrow, and one night she voices her fears that Mrs. Yeobright will influence Clym against her. Clym assures her that his mother will not stop him from seeing her, as she knows that they are romantically involved. Clym proposes to Eustacia; she asks for time to think it over and begs him to talk about Paris. She tells him that she will marry him if he will take her back to Paris. Clym is destined to do far greater things with his life than staying on the heath, Eustacia believes, although Clym disagrees. He has vowed to stay on the heath and become a schoolteacher. Eustacia suddenly decides to marry him, as she does not believe his education scheme will pan out. As the two of them walk back to Mistover, Clym thinks about three obstacles to his future happiness: his mother's trust in him, his plan to become a schoolteacher, and Eustacia's own happiness.
Here Eustacia is speaking to Clym about staying in the heath and about their love this is before their marriage , is she being really true when she say I love you more…. She was not really revealing her true feelings , the theme of love , marriage , appearance versus reality , the readers are not going to believe the character here because she is not expressing her true intentions.
Quote 8: Eustacia explodes, "If I had known then what I know now, that I should be living in this wild heath a month after my marriage, I--I should have thought twice before agreeing." Book 4, Chapter 1, pg. 185Mrs. Yeobright decides to see Eustacia about the guineas. Upon hearing Mrs. Yeobright's decision to visit Eustacia, Christian finally admits to Mrs. Yeobright that Wildeve had won the money, both Thomasin's and Clym's share. Christian suggests that perhaps Wildeve will give half the guineas to Eustacia. Fueled by this new suggestion, Mrs. Yeobright goes to see her daughter-in-law. Mrs. Yeobright bluntly asks Eustacia if Wildeve had given her money as a gift; Eustacia vehemently denies that she has the money and is deeply insulted at the implication that Clym needs guarding against her and that she is committing adultery with Wildeve. Eustacia then accuses Mrs. Yeobright of having hated her all this time for no reason. When Eustacia furiously proclaims that she married beneath her, Mrs. Yeobright hotly retorts that her son's lineage is far better than Eustacia's. Eustacia explodes, The two women part in silence and anger.
She is contradicting herself and we take it as an expression of herself same themes of the previous quotation, now she married Clym and she stays in the heath and she does not go to Paris because also he is almost blinded . = example of coincidence .

Quote 9: Mrs. Yeobright asks Johnny Nunsuch to tell his mother that he had seen a "broken-hearted woman cast off by her son." Book 4, Chapter 6, pg. 220Mrs. Yeobright is heading home in the hot sun, feeling utterly devastated and betrayed by her own son. She believes Clym to have refused her, as she knows that Clym was inside the house and assumes that he allowed Eustacia to shut her out. Johnny Nunsuch joins Mrs. Yeobright, who wonders why she looks so exhausted and sad. Johnny waits with her for a while, bringing her water and waiting until he becomes impatient and leaves. Mrs. Yeobright begins her walk alone, walking slowly until she is in too much pain from the heat and the length of her journey to walk and has to sit down on a soft spot to rest.

Clym wakes up, having dreamt that that he had taken Eustacia to his mother's house but they could not get in, despite his mother's crying for help. As a result of the dream, he resolves that he must see his mother as soon as possible.
Mrs. Yeobright speaks about her son she is speaking to Johnny , she is dieing , son mother relationship, mother son relationship , she tells the young boy to tell everybody that she is dieing and that she is very sad that she is not able to speak to her son, she considers herself of being cast of from her son , hardy likes to show his character's sufferings we see failure of characters because of fate and misconceptions of situations , she had a misconception that her son and daughter in law does not want her which was not true because Eustacia thought that the knocking would wake Clym that is why she would not open the door and not because she did not want her.

Quote 10: Eustacia hears Johnny Nunsuch cry out, "She said I was to say that I had seed her, and she was a broken-hearted woman and cast off by her son." Book 4, Chapter 8, pg. 232When Wildeve appears suddenly, Eustacia congratulates him on his fortune. Wildeve tells her that he meant to sound indifferent about his inheritance, because Clym has Eustacia instead of money. Wildeve tells Eustacia of his plans to travel around the world before finally settling in Paris.

They walk further down the heath until they see that a hut is occupied. Seeing that Clym and his mother are inside, Eustacia asks Wildeve to spy on them. At that moment, Mrs. Yeobright is near death. The doctor tells Clym and the villagers that it was the long walk in the heat that has exhausted Mrs. Yeobright's weak heart, although the adder bite does contribute to her suffering. Mrs. Yeobright dies, with Clym and Thomasin weeping. she also hears Clym gasp in surprise and sob. Eustacia does not dare to enter the hut; she feels terribly guilty and remorseful. She feels that she is to blame for Mrs. Yeobright's death, for she had not admitted her mother-in-law into the house.

Johnny here tells everybody what his mother told him to say as if she is revealing the misbehavior of her son and his wife , how does this influence Clym and Eustacia ??? Clym is upset he blames Eustacia for the death of his mother and they are separated and she goes to live with her grandfather.

Quote 11: Clym furiously yells at Eustacia, "The day you shut the door against my mother and killed her." Book 5, Chapter 3, pg. 249Clym learns that Mrs. Yeobright was sitting outside Clym's house when Johnny first saw her; that an unknown man entered the house; that Mrs. Yeobright had knocked when she saw Eustacia at the window; that Mrs. Yeobright had left because she was not admitted inside and walked off with Johnny. Clym realizes that Eustacia must have shut out his mother, leading his mother to believe that he didn't want to see her.

Enraged, Clym returns home the next day and confronts Eustacia, demanding to know the identity of the male visitor she had seen on August 31st. When Eustacia replies that she does not remember dates well, Clym furiously yells at her,
Clym is rampaging, violent, even brutal as he tries to get Eustacia to confess. After he finds an envelope with 'Wildeve' written on it, he mistakenly believes that she is seeing Wildeve. As much as he is outraged and maddened, she defies him by not giving in to his inquiries. She does not admit that the man was Wildeve. She is frustrated and bitter at Clym and almost wishes that he would kill her, to get her out of the heath. Eustacia accuses Clym of deceiving her, and Clym suddenly realizes that she is in so much pain because they have stayed on the heath.
Same like the previous he accuses Eustacia of killing his mother, misconception , separation between husband and wife .
Quote 12: "She would have to live on as a painful object, isolated, and out of place. She had used to think of the heath alone as an uncongenial spot to be in; she felt it now of the wholeOn the 6th of November, as Eustacia prepares to flee Egdon, she has fleeting memories of Clym that lift her hopes, but she finally decides that he will never want her again.
Here it is about Eustacia and the narrator going inside her and telling us how she felt his is an indication of the, the change in the English novel towards being a modern novel ,feelings of misery she has to live isolated especially after separation and because she is not leaving the heath , she wants to leave the world and she achieves that because she dies at the end.
Quote 13: Eustacia feels degraded and humiliated that she is fleeing with Wildeve as his mistress: "He's not great enough for me to give myself--he does not suffice for my desire!" Book 5, Chapter 7, pg. 271
Same situation we said before she feels that Wildeve is not suitable for her and even at the end of the novel she thinks that she will elope with Wildeve she has no choice she wants to leave the heath because he offered her leaving the heath but she does not leave the heath.
Quote 14: "I have no money to go alone! And if I could, what comfort to me? I must drag on next year, as I have dragged on this year, and the year after that as before. How have I tried and tried to be a splendid woman, and how destiny has been against me! I do not deserve my lot! O, the cruelty of putting me into this ill-conceived world! I was capable of much; but I have been injured and blighted and crushed by things beyond my control! O, how hard it is of Heaven to devise such tortures for me, who have done no harm to Heaven at all!" Book 5, Chapter 7, pg. 271Eustacia sets out to meet Wildeve, discovering that it has begun to rain. She stops at Rainbarrow to think; she suddenly realizes that she has forgotten to bring money with her. She feels degraded and humiliated that she is fleeing with Wildeve as his mistress: Feeling that the whole world is against her, she bemoans her fate as a woman destined for cruelty from the moment she was born. She realizes the futility of her fate:
This quotation concentrates on reflecting the feelings of the characters, she feels that she has been a victim of faith , you will talk about Eustacia and her relation to the heath and that it is by coincidence she is living in the heath . Tomas hardy likes to show his characters struggling towards achieving something and maybe most of the time failing in achieving their plans.
Quote 15: "To her there were not, as to Eustacia, demons in the air, and malice in every bush and bough. The drops which lashed her face were not scorpions, but prosy rain; Egdon in the mass was no monster whatever, but impersonal open ground. Her fears of the place where rational, her dislikes of its worst moods reasonable. At this time it was in her view a windy, wet place, in which a person might experience much discomfort, lose the path without care, and possibly catch cold." Book 5, Chapter 8, pg. 278Thomasin cannot stand being in the house alone when she fears that there may be trouble brewing. Wrapping the baby warmly, she leaves the house in a great hurry. She is anxious to know what happened with her husband and Eustacia. The storm does not frighten her, nor does the landscape of the heath disturb her as it does Eustacia:
We are talking about Thomasine and the contrast between our major theme the reaction towards the heath and Eustacia's , Eustacia hates the heath so if something happens to her it’s the demons of the heath but Thomasine is the opposite, Eustacia dies as a result of her attitude towards the heath , so is hardy against Eustacia ??? in some aspects yes but in our situation no he wants to keep England's history as a part of his identity = against change.
Quote 16: Clym believes that he has done an unforgivable deed and his regret is that, "... for what I have done no man or law can punish me." Book 5, Chapter 9, pg. 289Clym confides to Venn that he killed Eustacia by driving her away from him and wishes that he were dead instead. No matter how much Venn comforts him, Clym believes that he has done an unforgivable deed and his regret is that, "for what I have done no man or law can punish me"
He told Eustacia that Paris is not fascinating as she thinks it is he tricked her he made her form a bad conception of Paris , theme of regret and how he manipulated Eustacia .
Fate 6: It is fate that both Wildeve and Mrs. Yeobright call on Clym and Eustacia at the same time, and it is fate that Clym is asleep when the visitors call. Mrs. Yeobright believes that Eustacia ignores her for her other visitor, Mrs. Yeobright believes that her son has cast her off, and Eustacia believes that Clym will awaken and let his mother in.
Fate 7: Clym dreams that his mother is crying for him to help her inside her house, but in the dream, she cannot allow him in her house. His dream makes him resolve to reconcile with his mother, but it also symbolizes the trouble and turmoil his mother really is in. Clym's dream comes too late, for he never gets the chance to reconcile with her before she dies.
: Clym writes Eustacia a letter begging her to return to him - but he sends the letter too late. Eustacia does not see the letter before she leaves to flee with Wildeve. If she had, she might have stayed on the heath to be with Clym.
Fate 13: Clym is devastated by the deaths of his wife and mother, believing that he drove them to their deaths. He thinks that fate is cruel to him, for taking his life in this direction, but he manages to calm himself by taking walks on the heath. Being on the heath comforts him, and he is thankful that he is where he belongs.

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