2017- 10- 11
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#3
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أكـاديـمـي مـشـارك
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رد: نظرية الترجمة - الخميس 3/4/1439 ( الفترة الأولى) -
المناقشات ( محدّث )
.1
Discuss the concept of “equivalence” in Translation
When we are faced by a text- written we are able to work out its equivalence by looking in the following: 1. the semantic sense of each word and sentence. 2. Its communicative value. 3. Its place in time and space. 4. The information about the participants involved in its production and reception
2.
Discuss the main characteristics of a good translator
1. translator thinks and talks about translation from inside the process, knowing how it's done. 2. reliability: he acts in reliable way. 3. Timeliness: he should be timely. 4. Ethics: he should be ethical. 5. Speed: a translator should be able to know when to speed and when to not seeped. 6. Memory: a translator must be good at storing experiences in memory and retrieving them. 7. Professional pride: he should feel that the job he is doing is important.
3.
Discuss the main characteristics of a ‘theory’ with special reference to translation
Ideally, a theory must reflect the following four particular criteria: 1. Empiricism: it must be testable. 2. Determinism: it must be able to predict. 3. Parsimony: it must be simple. 4. Generality: it must be comprehensive.
4.
Discuss the elements of translation and their interaction with one another.
1. The source language: it is the language to which the text to be translated belongs. 2. The source text: is he text which has been chosen for translation. 3. The translator: is the most important element in translation. 4. The translated text: is the text which results from the translation process. 5. The language of translation: it is an abstraction obtained via the study of translation texts. 6. The target language: is the language into which a text from another language is translated.
5.
Discuss the concepts of ‘process & product’ with special reference to translation.
(Translating : is the process i.e. (to translate; it is the activity rather than the tangible object
(A Translation: is the product of the process of translating (i.e. the translated text
6.
Discuss the main differences between a communicative approach and a semantic approach to translation.
a semantic translation:
more likely to be economical than a communicative translation, written at the author’s linguistic level, used for expressive texts, personal and individual
a communicative translation:
written at the readership’s, used for informative and vocative, social; concentrates on the massage
7.
Discuss three ecological problems in translation.
ecological problems exist in the environment of source and text languages. For example, the word "kangaroo" doesn't have a synonymous term in Arabic, also camel words don't have a term in English. Another problem is the cultural background of people in regards to slang, idioms and expressions. Finally, the geographical location of the target language sometimes can hold off the process of translation.
8.
Discuss the main difference between literal and free methods of translation used in the Abbasid age.
literal translation in the Abbasid age suffered demerits of lexical and grammatical problems between Arabic and Latin. For this reason, free translation was preferred to the literal one, due to omitting what is unnecessary for the message.
9
An interpreter can act as a translator but a translator cannot act as an interpreter. Discuss
the reason for this is because the translator deals with the written message more than interpreter. they are also attentive to the lexical and grammatical message. On the other hand, the interpreter deals with speech generally.
10
discuss the role of machine translation in Arabic/English - English Arabic translation nowadays
machine translation cannot replace the human translator. It is only used to help the translator guess the meaning of words. They cannot be relied on for credible translation.
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discuss three lexical problems in arabic/english- arabic translation.
first problem is collocations. For example, a verb in English can have various meaning in Arabic. The word "delivery" is a prime example. The second one is about idioms and expressions. "it's raining cats and dogs" for example does not make sense in Arabic unless it is translated semantically. Finally, there is no equivalent message in either English or Arabic.
12
discuss three grammatical problems in arabic/english translation
1. number not all languages have a grammatical category of number. Arabic , for example, unlike English have a dual form in addition to singular and plural form.
2. gender is a grammatical distinction according to which a noun or pronoun is classified as either masculine or feminine in some language. English does not have gender for second person pronouns like Arabic
3. The category of person relates to the notion of participants roles. In English we have first person (i, we) second person, you) and third person (he/she/it/they) in Arabic the person system has both a gender and number dimension
13
discuss the ecological features in the following example and attempt to translate it into english. Explain the translation approach or strategy you used. قالت ميسون بنت بحدل الكلبية زوجة معاوية رضي الله عنه:
لبَيْتٌ تخفِقُ الأرواحُ فيه أحبُّ إليَّ من قصرٍ مُنيفِ ولُبْسُ عباءةٍ وتقَرُّ عيْني أحبُّ إليَّ من لِبْسِ الشُّفوفِ
Use the free translation for this text: simple life with who i love is better than lives in a castle .. And wearing thick clothes and cover my body much better than wearing visible clothes which shows what under it
14
what are the advantages and disadvantages of the theory of translation course?
a good translation is “that in which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language , by a native of the country to which that language belongs , as it is by those who speak the a good translation is “that in which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language , by a native of the country to which that language belongs , as it is by those who speak the language of the original work .”and there aren't disadvantages theory of to a translation course.
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يتبع ....
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التعديل الأخير تم بواسطة 3zf aljro7 ; 2017- 11- 24 الساعة 09:29 PM
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