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| E7 English Literature Students level seven Forum |
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ÃÏæÇÊ ÇáãæÖæÚ |
2017- 12- 17
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#121 |
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ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí äÜÜÔÜØ
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
Formalists located literary meaning in ...
A- The poet B- The poem ÇáÞÕíÏå C- The figures of speech D- The impact of the poem on the reader |
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2017- 12- 17
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#122 |
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ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí äÜÜÔÜØ
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
when a narrative stops the chronological order to bring events or information
from the past ( of the time zero ), it is called ÚäÏãÇ íæÞÝ ÓÑÏ ãÇ ÇáÊÑÊíÈ ÇáÒãäí áÌáÈ ÇÍÏÇË Çæ ãÚáæãÇÊ ãä ÇáãÇÖí (ãä ÇáÕÝÑ) íÓãì (((Analepsis))) when a narrative stops the chronological order to bring events or information from the future ( of the time zero ), it is called ÚäÏãÇ íæÞÝ ÓÑÏ ãÇ ÇáÊÑÊíÈ ÇáÒãäí áÌáÈ ÇÍÏÇË Çæ ãÚáæãÇÊ ãä ÇáãÓÊÞÈá (ãä ÇáÕÝÑ) íÓãí (((Prolepsis))) |
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2017- 12- 17
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#123 |
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ãõÊãíÒÉ ÈÇáãÓÊæì E7
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
The relationship between the time of the story and the time of the narrative
, according to Gerard Gennette, is called: ÇáÚáÇÞÉ Èíä æÞÊ ÇáÞÕÉ æ æÞÊ ÇáÓÑÏ æÝÞÇ áÌíÑÇÑÏ ÌäíÊ ÊÓãì Narrative Order ÊÑÊíÈ ÇáÓÑÏ |
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2017- 12- 17
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#124 |
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ãõÊãíÒÉ ÈÇáãÓÊæì E7
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
Gerard Gennette show that the question of "focalization" in literature is
ãÓÃáÉ æÌåÉ äÙÑ focalization áÌíÑÇÑÏ ÌíäíÊ åæ Íæá Who sees the action? ãä íÑì ÇáÍÏË ¿ ÇãÇ ãÓÃáÉ Voice ÇáÕæÊ Íæá ÇáÐí íÑæí ÇáÚãá ¿ ? Who narrates the action |
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2017- 12- 17
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#125 |
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ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí äÜÜÔÜØ
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
Çä ÔÇÁ Çááå íßÑÑ ãÊÝÇÆáÉ ãä ÈÚÏ Úáã ÇáÇÌÊãÇÚ ÇáÚíÏ æÑÈí íÓåá Úáì ÇáÌãíÚ íÇÑÈ
ÇÓÇáå ÇáãÑÇÌÚå ÇÚÏÇÏ ÓáØÇäå ããÊÇÒÉ ÌÏÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇ æãÊÑÌãå æãÑíÍå ^^ |
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2017- 12- 17
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#126 |
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ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÃáÜãÜÇÓÜí
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
😎😎
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2017- 12- 17
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#127 |
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ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
semo qween:
🌸🌸 ãÞÊØÝÇÊ äÞÏíå 🙈 ÃÝáÇØæä ÝíáÓæÝ íæäÇäí.. ÇáäÞÇÏ ÇáÑæãÇäíííä ãÇÝí Ôí Úäåã ÇÈÏÇ ÇáÇ Çäåã ÞáÏæ ÇáíæäÇäííä Ýí ËÞÇÝÇÊåã ÓíäíßÇ áå ãÞæáÊíä æÍÏ ÊÈÏÃno past æÇáËÇäíÉ a man ÈÑÖæ ãÞæáå åæÑÇÓ íæäÇä ÇáÇÓíÑå ÇÓÑÊ ÛÇÒíåÇ ÌÇÁ ÚáíåÇ ÇßËÑ ãä ÕíÛå æÍÏå Çäæ ÇáÛÇÒí ßÇä ÇáÑæãÇä ÇáËÇäíå Çäæ ßÇä íÚÈÑ Úä ÇáäÞÕ.. ããßä íÓÇá Úä ÇáÞÇÆá ! ÇäÊÈåæáåÇ ÇáÍíä ÇáÑæãÇä íÞáÏæÇ ÇáÞÑíÓ Greece 🇬🇷 Ýí ßá Ôí íÈÛæÇ íÕíÑæÇ ÇÏÈÇÁ ãËáåã ÚÔÇä ßÐÇ ÓíäÓÇ ÞÇá åÇáßáÇã ÇáÔÎÕ Çááí íÍÇæá íÞáÏ ÔÎÕ ÇÎÑ ãÇÑÇÍ íáÞì Ôí íÝíÏå ¡¡("A man who follows another not only finds nothing, he is not even looking ÇáÞÇÆá Seneca ÝÚáÇ ßá ÇÓÆáå ÇáÊÞáíÏ íØáÚ ÇáÑæãÇä..ÞáÏæ ÈÑÖæ ãÚÙã ÇáËÞÇÝÇÊ ÇáßáÇÓíßíå. æÇáÇæÑæÈííä ÈÚÏ íÞáÏæÇ ÇáÑæãÇä æÇáÞÑíÓ ..ßá ÇÏÈåã ãä ÇáÇÎÑ fake ÇÝáÇØæä íÞæá ãÝÑæÖ ãÇíÓãÍæä ÈÇÇáÔÚÑ ÈÇáãÏíäå áÃä : Poetry cripples the mind. æ It weakens the critical faculty æ breeds conformity. ßá ãÑå íÛíÑ ÈÇáÎíÇÑÇÊ æÇáÇÌÇÈå Êßæä æÍÏå ãäåã 👌🏻👍🏻 Poetry cripples the mind. íÔá ÇáÚÞá It weakens the critical faculty íÖÚÝ ÇáÞÏÑÇÊ ÇáäÞÏíå breeds conformity. íæáÏ ÇáãØÇÈÞå 🌸🌸🌸🌸 ÓßäÇäÇ 😛 = ÓíäíßÇ Seneca ßÊÈ (1) No past life has been lived to lend us glory, and that which has existed before us is not ours ÇáãÇÖí áÇíåÏíäÇ ÇáãÌÏ æãÇÞÏ ÎáÝå ÇáÓÇÈÞæä áíÓ ãä ÍÞäÇ .• (2) man who follows another not only finds nothing; he is not even looking." ÇáÇäÓÇä ÇáÐí íÊÈÚ ÅäÓÇäÇð ÂÎÑ áä íÌÏ ÔíÆÇð æáÇíÚÏ ÍÊì ÈÇÍËÇð ÞÇã ÇáÇæÑæÈíä..Europeans Ýí ÚÕÑ ÇáäåÖÉ Renaissance 👇🏻 ÈÅÚÇÏÉ ÇßÊÔÇÝ ÇáßÊÈ ÇáíæäÇäíÉ æÇáÑæãÇäíÉ rediscovered the books of the Greeks and Romans .•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•. Óãí ÚÕÑ ÇáäåÖÉ 👈🏻(Renaissance) ÈåÐÇ ÇáÇÓã ¿ áÇä ÇáäÇÓ Ýí ÇæÑæÈÇ 👇🏻 ÃÑÇÏæÇ ÅÚÇÏÉ ÅÍíÇÁ (revive) 👇🏻 ÇáãÚÇÑÝ ÇáÞÏíãÉ (the ancient learning) 👇🏻 Ýí ÑæãÇ ÇáÞÏíãÉ æÇáíæäÇä .•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•. ÙåæÑ ÇáÇÏÈ "literature" Ýí ÚÕÑ ÇáäåÖÉ Ýí ÇæÑæÈÇ ßÇä áå 👇🏻 ÏÇÝÚ (motivation )æåÏÝ (purpose) 👇🏻 ÓíÇÓí (political ) Þæí .•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•. Ýí ÚÕÑ ÇáäåÖÉ ßÇäÊ ÇæÑæÈÇ 👇🏻 ÇÞá (less) ÊØæÑ(Çsophisticated) 👇🏻 ÈßËíÑ ããÇ ßÇäÊ ÚáíÉ ÑæãÇ æÇáíæäÇä >> 🌸🌸 * ÇÝáÇØæä ÐßÑ Çäæ ÇáÔÚÑ ÊÞáíÏ Ýí ÑæÇíÉ Republic ÇáÌãåæÑíÉ ( ÇáÝáÇÓÝå ) ÇÑÓØæ + ÇÝáÇØæä ( ÇáÔÚÇÑ ) åæÑÇÓ + ÝíÑÌá ( ÇáÈáÇÛííä rhetorical ) ÓíÓÑæ + ßáäÊäíÇä æÝÞÇ á Gerard Gennette voice = ( who *narrates* the action ) Focallzation = ( who *sees* the action ) * íãßä æÕÝ ÇáËÞÇÝÉ ÇáíæäÇäíå ÇáÞÏíãå ÈÇäåÇ ( ËÞÇÝÉ ÍíÉ A living culturr ) * íãßä æÕÝ ÇáËÞÇÝå ÇáÑæãÇäíå ÇäåÇ ( ËÞÇÝÉ ãÊÍÝ A museum culture ) The most accurate definition of the " plot " in Aristotle's theory of tragedyis 🔵The arrangement of the events in a cause-effect chain incidents ÇáÍÈßÉ Ýí ÇáÊÑÇÌíÏíÇ È äÙÑíÉ ÇÑÓØæ åí ( ãÃÓÇæí ÞáäÇ Íßíå ÚÔÇä ßÐÇ íÑÊÈ ÇáÇÍÏÇË Ýí ÇáÓÈÈ æ ÇáÊÇËíÑ Ýí ÓáÓáÉ ÍæÇÏË) 🔴 Vladimir Propp tested Ähis theories on íÎÊÈÑ ÝáÇÏíãíÑ ÈÑæÈ äÙÑíÇÊå Ú 🔵Russian fairytales (ÝáÇÏíãíÑ ÑÆíÓ ÑæÓíÇ ÍÇáíÇ ) È ÇáÕÏÝÉ ÚÑÝÊ 😂 🔴 In poetry, said Jakobson, the communicative function should be ÞÇá ÌÇßÓæä Çä ÇáæÙíÝÉ ÇáÊæÇÕáíå Ýí ÇáÔÚÑ íÌÈ Çä Êßæä - Reduce to minimum ãÎÊÕÑÉ Çáì ÇáÍÏ ÇáÇÏäì ( ÌÇßÓæä ãæÙÝ Ýí ÇáÑÏÓí æÙíÝÊå ÊæÇÕá ãÚ ÇáÔÚÑ ÈÓ áÇÒã Êßæä ãÎÊÕÑÉ Çáì ÇáÍÏ ÇáÇÏäì ) (ÌÇßÓæä ,, Reduce ) 🔴 With structuralism, literary criticism develops the ambition to study literature from ãÚ ÇáÈäíæíÉ ..ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÇÏÈí ØæÑ ØãæÍ ÏÑÇÓÉ ÇáÇÏÈ ãä .. 🔵 Strictly scientific perspective ( ÈäíæíÉ ..ØãæÍ æ ÏÑÇÓÉ ¡ Úáãí ÈÍÊ ) (ambition to study¡¡ Strictly scientific ) 🔴 In Narrative Discourse, Gerard Gennette defines the "time of the story" as Ýí ÓÑÏ ÇáÎØÇÈ ÍÏÏ ÌíÑÇÑÏ ÌíäÊí ÇáæÞÊ Ýí ÇáÞÕå .. 🔵 The time in which the story happens ( ÇáÌÑÇÏ Ìääí æÞÊ íÓÑÏæ Úäå ÎØÇÈ Ýí ÇáÞÕÉ æ æÞÊ ÇáÇÍÏÇË ) ,( Gerard Gennette .. story happens) 🔴 Structuralism seeks to ÊÓÚì ÇáÈäíæíÉ Çáì 🔵 Investigate the structures of literature ( Ôí ÊÈäíäå ÇßíÏ Èíßæä Ýíå ÊÍÞíÞ Ýí Çáåíßá ÇáÚÇã ) ( ÈäíæíÉ ÊÍÞíÞ Ýí åíßá ÇáÇÏÈ ) 🔴Gerard Gennette calls "narrative order ÌíÑÇÑÏ ÌíäÊí íÓãí ÊÑÊíÈ ÇáÓÑÏ È ⭕The relationship between the time of the story and the time of the narrative ÚáÇÞÉ Èíä æÞÊ ÇáÞÕÉ æ æÞÊ ÇáÓÑÏ 🔴 Who said: " There is no pre-discursive reality. Every reality is shaped and accessed by ? "discourse a - ãä ÇáÞÇÆá / ãÇÝí æÇÞÚ ÞÈá ÇáßáÇã ßá æÇÞÚ íÊÔßá ÈæÇÓØÉ ÇáßáÇã ⭕ Jacques Derrida ÌÇß ÏÑíÏÇ ( ÏÇíã åÑÌ ÌÇß ÏÑÑ æÇÞÚí ) ÇÐÇ ÓÃá Úä 🔴 æÞÊ ÇáÞÕÉ äÎÊÇÑ æÞÊ ÇáÇÍÏÇË taim of the story=story happens ÇÐÇ ÓÃá Úä 🔴 æÞÊ ÇáÓÑÏ äÎÊÇÑ ÈíäÞ ÊæáÏ taim of the Narrative = story is being told 🔴When a narrative stops the chronological order to bring events or information from the past (of the time zero) of from the future (of the time zero), it is called ÚäÏãÇ íæÞÝ ÇáÑÇæí ÊÓáÓá ÇáÒãäí áÊÐßÑ ÇÍÏÇË æ ãÚáæãÇÊ Ýí ÇáãÇÖí æ ÇáãÓÊÞÈá ãä ÓÇÚÉ ÇáÕÝÑ íÓãì Anachronies ( ÈÚÖåã íÊÐßÑæä ÇáãÇÖí æ ÇáÍÇÖÑ ÊÌíåã Ú ÞæáÉ Âãæä ÇÒãÉ chronies ) 🔴When a narrative stops the chronological order to bring events or information from the *past* (of the time zero) of from the *future* (of the time zero), it is called ÚäÏãÇ íæÞÝ ÇáÑÇæí ÊÓáÓá ÇáÒãäí áÊÐßÑ ÇÍÏÇË æ ãÚáæãÇÊ Ýí ÇáãÇÖí æ ÇáãÓÊÞÈá ãä ÓÇÚÉ ÇáÕÝÑ íÓãì 🔵Anachronies ( ÈÚÖåã íÊÐßÑæä ÇáãÇÖí æ ÇáÍÇÖÑ ÊÌíåã Ú ÞæáÉ Âãæä ÇÒãÉ chronies ) _____________________ 🔴When a narrative stops the chronological order to bring events or information from the *past* (of the time zero) 🔵analepsis ( ÇäÇ ÇÍÈ ÇááíÒ ÇÐßÑå æÇÍäÇ ÕÛÇÑ äÌÊãÚ Ú ÍÈÊíä æÍäÇ ãäÇ 5 😬 Çáãåã Çä åÇáÔí ÈÇáãÇÖí Çáíæã æÇÍÏ íÇááå íßÝí 😣🏃🏼ž♀) _____________________ 🔴When a narrative stops the chronological order to bring events or information from the *future* (of the time zero) 🔵prolepsis ( äÝÓå ÇááíÒ äÇæíå ÇÚØí ÚíÇáí È ÇáãÓÊÞÈá ÇÐÇ ÈÑæ Ýíäí 🙄 )🏃🏼ž♀😂 ÇÝáÇØæä : Çæá Ôí Óãì ( mimesis ¡ diegesis ) (mimesis+ imitation+shows )➡ *First person* _ (ãíãí ÊÞáíÏ æ ÚÑÖ ) ____________________ (diegesis+ narration+telling) *third person* ( ÏÞí Úáí ÇÓÑÏ áß æ ÇÍßí áß) ÞÇá Çä ÇáÔÚÑ íÎá È ÇáÚÞá ( cripples the mind ÎÑÈ ÚÞá) ÞÇá Çä ÇáÑæÇíå ããßä Êßæä ÓÑÏ Çæ ÊÞáíÏ Çæ ÇËäíäåã ÇÚãÇá ÇÝáÇØæä 👳🏼 |
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2017- 12- 17
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#128 |
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ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí äÜÜÔÜØ
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
The conceput of (self) a singular and coherent entity
ãÝåæã ÇáÐÇÊ åæ ßÇÆä æÇÍÏ ãÊãÇÓß ÈäíÉ ÎíÇáíå a fictional construct |
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2017- 12- 17
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#129 |
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ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
The distinction between Mimesis and Diegesis was developed by
. Roman literary critics - - Arab philosophers - Greek philosophers - Christian priests Çí ÇÌÇÈå ÕÍíÍå Çá Roman or Greek 😣 |
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2017- 12- 17
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#130 |
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ãõÊãíÒÉ ÈÇáãÓÊæì E7
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ÑÏ: ãÌáÓ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí
Formalists located literary meaning in ...
A- The poet B- The poem C- The figures of speech D- The impact of the poem on the reader ãßÊæÈ ÈÇáãáÒãÉ Çä ÇáÔßáíæä íÑÝÖæä ÊÍÏíÏ ÇáãÚäì ÇáÇÏÈí ãä ÎáÇá ÇáÔÇÚÑ ÈÏáÇ ãä ÇáÞÕíÏÉ ÇäÇ ÍØíÊ ÇáÇÌÇÈÉ ÇáÔÇÚÑ ÈÇáãÑÇÌÚÉ æ áßä ÇÚÊÞÏ ÇäåÇ ÇáÞÕíÏÉ áÇä ÇáÓÄÇá ãÇ Ýíå ÑÝÖ Òí ãÇåæ ãßÊæÈ ÈÇáãáÒãÉ ãÍÊÇÑÉ íÇÎí |
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| ãæÇÞÚ ÇáäÔÑ (ÇáãÝÖáÉ) |
| ÇáÐíä íÔÇåÏæä ãÍÊæì ÇáãæÖæÚ ÇáÂä : 1 ( ÇáÃÚÖÇÁ 0 æÇáÒæÇÑ 1) | |
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ÇáãæÇÖíÚ ÇáãÊÔÇÈåå
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| [ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ] : ÇáäÞÏ ÇáÃÏÈí | æáíÇã íÇã | E7 | 2 | 2017- 8- 16 10:35 AM |
| [ ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáÓÇÈÚ ] : ÇáãåÇã ÇáÝÕáíå áãÞÑÑ ÇáÅÚÌÇÒ Ýí ÇáÞÑÂä æ ÇáÓõäøÉ | ÞãÑ ÇáåíáÇ | ÇáÏÑÇÓÇÊ ÇáÅÓáÇãíÉ | 20 | 2016- 10- 31 12:12 AM |
| [ ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáÓÇÏÓ ] : ãáÎÕ äÙÑíÉ ÇáãÚÑÝÉ ãÎÊÕÑ+ÌÏæá ...ÇÚÏÇÏ ÌÇÈÑ ÇáãÑí | gaadi | ÇáãÓÊæíÇÊ 6+7+8 | 18 | 2016- 5- 10 08:27 AM |
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