| الكويزات - قراءة المقال | |
| القطعھ الثانیھ | |
| القطعھ الثانیھ The game of basketball is enjoyed by many people around the world. It is perhaps the • most popular indoor sport in the United States. The object of the game is to score points by shooting a ball through a hoop. The game is played by two teams, each consisting of 12 players and a coach, with five players from each team on the court at any one time. In the past, people with disabilities were not able to play basketball, but in the late • 1930s, modifications were made to the game so that paraplegics could play as well. Most paraplegics depend on wheelchairs to be able to move around. Since paraplegics still have use of their arms, they are able to go up and down the length of the basketball court in their wheelchairs and shoot baskets. In ordinary basketball, the ball can be moved by "passing" it from one player to another, or by "dribbling" in which the player bounces the ball as she or he moves. The ball may not be held for more than one pace. Another modification of the rules of ordinary basketball involves lane violation. A Player with the ball is ordinarily allowed to stay in the dark, rectangle-shaped lane in front of the basket for only three seconds. In Wheelchair basketball, players are given an extra second. This extra second gives them a little more time to move around other wheelchairs. If a player stays in the lane for more than four seconds, she or he incurs a lane violation and the ball is given to the other team. Other violations include the out-of-bounds violation and a physical advantage • violation. In an out-of-bounds violation, a player's wheelchair touches the boundary lines around the outside of the basketball court. A physical advantage violation is one in which a player rises from his or her chair. In this case, the opposing team is awarded two free throws. The rear wheels are about the size of a bicycle's wheels, and there are one or two small • front wheels called casters. Basketball wheelchairs are made from materials that are lightweight but strong. Because they are specially designed, they can be quite expensive. The game of wheelchair basketball can be exciting to watch. Since they use their upper bodies so much, wheelchair basketball players often develop into powerful shooters, and they are capable of some amazing shots. |
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