[ اللغة الانجليزية ] : ENDLISH STUDENT LEVEL 5 >> 3rd year first semester

[Timon]

معقووول ولا احد عندة الملزمه حقت الفكر شمس الدين؟؟؟؟؟

الله يفرررج عنها كل هم الله تفرج عني وتجيبهااا

[ALanood sh]

Thesaurus

Introduction: Words are not stored in memory in a random manner but in a way which permits linkage to be created between them to increase the efficiency of the storage system and to facilitate recall and retrieval.

What is thesaurus?

It provides us with the model for storing groups of words in a number of ways: where they are synonyms, antonyms, or related in other ways.

It groups lexical items on a semantic basis rather than putting them in alphabetical order

Example:

Optimism: hopefulness, hope, cheerfulness, encouragement, brightness, enthusiasm, confidence, assurance.

Antonym: pessimism

Complete synonyms are rare in language. Each word has a specific meaning of its own and is used in particular contexts.

Tall means long

However, we cannot say " a tall tree, and a long child" We have to say " a tall child and a long tree.

Hurt means damageded but we use " hurt" for human beings, and " damaged" for concrete inanimate objects such as cars.

"Ripe" and " mature" both mean ناضج

But we use "mature" for human beings and " ripe" for fruit.

Eliminate, cancel, delete, omit, remove, erase, terminate, dismiss, fire are synonyms but not substitutable for each other.

Examples:

The school team was eliminated in the first round of the competition. استبعد ، تم استبعاده

Because of the bad weather the flight was canceled. تم تأجيلها، ألغيت

I typed something wrong so I deleted it. حذفته

This washing powder will remove most stains. تزيل

I need an eraser to erase the wrong word. يمحي

He terminated the contract. ألغى العقد – فسخ

Several stanzas of the poem can be omitted. يمكن إهمالها – إسقاطها

He was dismissed for not obeying the orders.تم تسريحه من العمل

The boss fired him because he misused his position. طرده من العمل

Lexical and Semantic Fields:

A lexical or semantic field is broader in scope than the thesaurus, since it links words to words not only in terms of (1) meaning postulates such as synonyms, antonyms, and hyponyms, but also in terms of (2) syntactic occurrence (collocation) and phonological characteristics: initial sound, rhyme, etc.

Collocation is the chain relationship in lexis. A word tends to occur in relatively predictable ways with other words, certain nouns with particular adjectives and verbs, verbs with particular adverbs, etc.

Example:

"Colorless green ideas sleep furiously."

Is syntactically correct, but it violates semantic selectional rules. It breaks collocational rules.

"Homeless black cats mew pitifully."

Is accepted syntactically and semantically.

Denotation and connotation

Denotation refers to meaning which is referential, objective, cognitive, and shared property of the speech community which uses the language. It is the dictionary meaning of the word.

Connotation refers to meaning which is associational, subjective and expressive. It may or may not be shared by the community at large.

Dog: is an animal that has for legs. It barks. (denotation)

But as connotation:

Dog: is a pet animal, loyal, loveable, friendly for the English speakers

Dog: is dirty, najes, not positive for Arabic Speakers.

Semantic Deferential:

A technique has been developed by psychologists interested in the structure of memory to measure the connotative dimension of words.

The connotative meaning by this measure is arrived at by 15 (7-point) scales, consisting of a range of adjectives expressing three factors or dimensions ( evaluation, potency, activity), and judged on a 7-point scale running from +3 into -3, from the strongest positive through the neutral to the strongest negative.

See PowerPoint for examples.

[ALanood sh]

باقي الكولكويشن>> هي نفسه اللي بالملزمة وملف بوربوينت وملف ثاني بس ماعرفت انزلهم مرفق وبس موفقه 3>

[mannamy]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة Timon

معقووول ولا احد عندة الملزمه حقت الفكر شمس الدين؟؟؟؟؟

الله يفرررج عنها كل هم الله تفرج عني وتجيبهااا

تلقينها في هالايميل↓
Thought-and-culture@hotmail.com
الباسوورد T123456789
*الـTلازم capital! بالتوفيق

[خيآل انثى]

بنات كم الساعه يبدا اختبار نظرية الترجمه؟

[HAM91]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة خيآل انثى

بنات كم الساعه يبدا اختبار نظرية الترجمه؟

8:30

[Timon]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة mannamy

تلقينها في هالايميل↓
thought-and-culture@hotmail.com
الباسوورد t123456789
*الـtلازم capital! بالتوفيق

يعطيييك العاافيه الله يفرررج عنك كل هم ياااارب

بس سؤال .. كل الملزمه معنا ولا فيه موااضيع معينه؟؟

[toni]

بنات كيف طريقة اسألة الترجمة

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة toni

بنات كيف طريقة اسألة الترجمة

اللي اذكره انها قالت راح نترجم من عربي الى انجليزي والعكس

وثانيا راح تجيب الكولوكيشن يمكن بجمل وترجمينها او لحالها وتترجمينها

وطبعا الجزء النظري

هذا اللي اتذكره والله أعلم

[آنسه مشاكل]

بنات احد يعرف وش نوع الدكشنري اللي نجيبه؟