مراجعه مادة الادب الانجليزي للاختبار النهائي :: هنا ::

[السالفة مليون]

protestantism which had originated with

Martin Luther
Henry
thomas lory

[ابوشاهين]

[aneen]

The Italian sonnet
السوناته الايطاليهٍ

· First by the Italian poet Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374), who ascribed to him a Petrarchan sonnet.

اولا نبدآ مع الشاعر الايطالي فرانشيسكو بترارك الذي تعود اليه السوناتهٍ
البتراركيهٍ

· the Italian poet, was introduced into English poetry in the early 16th century by Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503-1542).
الشاعر الايطالي قدم الى الشعر الانجليزيٍ اوائل القرن الـ 16 من قبل السير توماس وايت

Sonnet consists of: Its fourteen lines break into:

تتآالف السوناتهٍ من :اربعه عشر سطرآٍوينقسم الى.:

octave (or octet):ç 8 الأبيات الأولىwhich usually rhymes abbaabba, but which may sometimes be abbacddc or even (rarely) abababab

الاوكتف ( الاوكتت
abbaabba تتكون من 8 ابياتٍ وتكون قافيتها عادهٍ عل شكلٍ
او بعض الاحيان ع شكلٍ abbacddc
ونآدرا ع شكلٍabababab


sestet: ç 6 الأبيات الأخيرة which may rhyme xyzxyz or xyxyxy,
or any of the multiple variations possible using only two or three rhyme-sounds.

الاسستت : تتكون من ست ابياتٍ
وتكون قافيتهآ ع شكلٍ xyzxyz or xyxyxy

او اي من الاختلافاتٍ المتعدده التي ممكن فقط استخدامٍ 2 او 3 قافيه لاصواتٍ

The English (Shakespearean) sonnet:

· developed first by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1517-1547)

Sonnet consists of: three quatrains and a couplet--that is, it rhymes ababcdcdefefgg.

السونآته الانجليزيهٍ: السونآته الشكسبريهٍ

وضعتٍ لااول مره من قبلٍ هنري هوارد
تتكون السونآتهٍ من ثلاث رباعيات وخاتمهٍ وتكون ع قافيهٍ .ababcdcdefefgg.

[السالفة مليون]

the literature of the english renaissance some of the greatest names in all world literature ...................among the dramatists
Shakespeare
spencer
bacon

the literature of the english renaissance some of the greatest names in all world literature ...................among the poets
donne
webster
hooker

the literature of the english renaissance some of the greatest names in all world literature ...................among the prose
donne
webster
hooker

[aneen]

The sonnet can be thematically divided into two sections
يمكن تقسيمٍ السونآته موضوعيآ الى قسمينٍ:

The first presents the theme, raises an issue or doubt-

الموضوع الاول يطرح موضوعٍ ويشير الى قضيه او شكٍ


The second part answers the question, resolves the problem, or drives home the poem's point
الموضوع الثانيٍ او الجزء الثانيٍ
يجيب ع الاسئلهٍ ويحل مشكلهٍ او محركآتٍ نقطه البدايهٍ في القصيدهٍ

This change in the poem is called the turn and helps move forward the emotional action of the poem quickly.

يسمى التغير في القصيدهٍ :: تحريكٍ العاطفهٍ في القصيدهٍ بسرعهٍ


The Italian form, in some ways the simpler of the two, usually projects and develops a subject in the octet, then executes a turn at the beginning of the sestet, so that the sestet can in some way release the tension built up in the octave
النموذج الايطاليٍ :

السوناتا الإيطالية تعتبر أسهل نوعا ما من حيث أن تطور الموضوع يأتي في بداية القصيدة >>أول ثمان أبيات

· The Shakespearean sonnet has a wider range of possibilities.
One pattern introduces an idea in the first quatrain,
complicates it in the second,
complicates it still further in the third,
and resolves the whole thing in the final couplet.

النموذج الشكسبيريٍ: يتكون من مجموعه واسعه من الاحتمالاتٍ

نمط واحدٍ يقدم فكرهٍ في الرباعيه الاولىٍ

تعقيد في الرباعيه الثانيهٍ

لايزال التعقيدٍ في الثالثهٍ

يحل كل شيٍ في الكلمآت النهائيهٍ

[ابوشاهين]

AS virtuous men pass mildly away,
And whisper to their souls to go,
Whilst some of their sad friends do say,
"Now his breath goes," and some say, "No."
So let us melt, and make no noise, 5
No tear-floods, nor sigh-tempests move ;
'Twere profanation of our joys
To tell the laity our love.
Moving of th' earth brings harms and fears ;
Men reckon what it did, and meant ; 10
But trepidation of the spheres,
Though greater far, is innocent.
Dull sublunary lovers' love
—Whose soul is sense—cannot admit
Of absence, 'cause it doth remove 15
The thing which elemented it.
But we by a love so much refined,
That ourselves know not what it is,
Inter-assurèd of the mind,
Care less, eyes, lips and hands to miss. 20
Our two souls therefore, which are one,
Though I must go, endure not yet
A breach, but an expansion,
Like gold to aery thinness beat.
If they be two, they are two so 25
As stiff twin compasses are two ;
Thy soul, the fix'd foot, makes no show
To move, but doth, if th' other do.
And though it in the centre sit,
Yet, when the other far doth roam, 30
It leans, and hearkens after it,
And grows erect, as that comes home.
Such wilt thou be to me, who must,
Like th' other foot, obliquely run ;
Thy firmness makes my circle just, 35
And makes me end where I begun.

What is John Donne's poem A Valediction Forbidding Mourning about?

Valediction: Forbidding Mourning" by John Donne is about the never ending love he had for his wife. He says that they will never be separated even when they are apart meaning they are always together spiritually.

[ابوشاهين]

What is part of the central conceit in A Valediction Forbidding Mourning?

A drafting compass

two compasses

[ابوشاهين]

اذا فيه شيئ غير مفهوم في الأساله والاجوبه ممكن نشرحه وناقشة ؟!!

[ابوشاهين]

Is there juxtaposition in A Valediction Forbidding Mourning?

The narrator compares his love to gold beaten into a thin leaf.
The conceit involves a drafting compass.
The poem has an irregular rhyme scheme

[ابوشاهين]

What is the simile in the last stanza of the Valediction Forbidding Mourning?

From line 21 until the end of the poem, John Donne compares the two souls of him and his lover to feet that move together. The simile in the last stanza compares the soul to a foot which runs when the other foot (his lover's soul) runs.