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[االشوق]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة Zainab.a.m.f

الله يعافيكم ابي قطعه محلول عليها التمارين انا حملت الملخص ومافي تدريبات الله يعافيكم ويوفقكم ابي لو قطعه بس عشان افهم الفكره

تفضل هذا شرح للأخت روكا الله يسعدها وسبحان الله نفس القطعه جاتهم بالاختبار

شرح قطعه


Shyness



1 If you suffer from shyness, you are not alone, for shyness is a universal

phenomenon. According to recent research, “close to 50 percent of the general population
report that they currently experience some degree of shyness in their lives. In addition, close
to 80 percent of people report having felt shy at some point in their lives” (Payne, par. 3).1
As shyness is so prevalent in the world, it is not surprising that social scientists are learning
more about its causes. They have found that shyness in an individual can result from both
biological and environmental factors.

2 Recent research reveals that some individuals are genetically predisposed to
shyness. In other words, some people are born shy. Researchers say that between 15 and 20
percent of newborn babies show signs of shyness: they are quieter and more vigilant.
Researchers have identified physiological differences between sociable and shy babies that
show up as early as two months. In one study, two-month-olds who were later identified as
shy children reacted with signs of stress to stimuli such as moving mobiles and tape
recordings of human voices: increased heart rates, jerky movements of arms and legs, and
excessive crying. Further evidence of the genetic basis of shyness is the fact that parents
and grandparents of shy children more often say that they were shy as children than parents
and grandparents of non-shy children (Henderson and Zimbardo 6).2

3 However, environment can, at least in some cases, triumph over biology. A shy
child may lose much of his or her shyness. On the other hand, many people who were not
shy as children become shy as adults, a fact that points to environment or experiential
causes.

4 The first environmental cause of shyness may be a child’s home and family life.
Children who grew up with a difficult relationship with parents or a dominating older
sibling are more likely to be inhibited in social interactions. Another factor is the fact that
today’s children are growing up in smaller and smaller families, with fewer and fewer
relatives living nearby. Growing up in single-parent homes or in homes in which both
parents work full time, children may not have the socializing experience of frequent visits
by neighbors and friends. Because of their lack of social skills, they may begin to feel
socially inhibited, or shy, when they start school (7).

5 A second environmental cause of shyness in an individual may be one’s culture. In
a large study conducted in several nations, 40 percent of participants in the United States
rated themselves as shy, compared to 57 percent in Japan and 55 percent in Taiwan. Of the
countries participating in the study, the lowest percentage of shyness was found in Israel,
where the rate was 31 percent. Researchers Henderson and Zimbardo say, “One explanation
of the cultural difference between Japanese and Israelis lies in the way each culture deals
with attributing credit for success and blame for failure. In Japan, an individual’s
performance success is credited externally to parents, grandparents, teachers, coaches, and
others, while failure is entirely blamed on the person.” Therefore, Japanese learn not to take
risks in public and rely instead on group-shared decisions. “In Israel, the situation is entirely
reversed,” according to Henderson and Zimbardo. “Failure is externally attributed to parents
according to Henderson and Zimbardo. “Failure is externally attributed to parents,teachers, coaches, and friends, anti-Semitism, and other sources, while all performance
success is credited to the individual’s enterprise.” The consequence is that Israelis are free
to take risks since there is nothing to lose by trying and everything to gain (10).

6 In addition to family and culture, technology may play a role as well. In the United
States, the number of young people who report being shy has risen from 40 percent to 50
percent in recent years (10). The rising numbers of shy young people may be “due in part to
the growing dependence on non-human forms of communication, coming about as a result
of our huge advances in technology” (Payne, par. 4). Watching television, playing video
games, and surfing the Web have displaced recreational activities that involve social
interaction for many young people. Adults, too, are becoming more isolated as a result of
technology. Face-to-face interactions with bank tellers, gas station attendants, and store
clerks are no longer necessary because people can use machines to do their banking, fill
their gas tanks, and order merchandise. College students take online telecourses.
Telecommuters work at home, giving up daily contact with coworkers. Everyone texts, emails,
and converses anonymously in online chat rooms. As a result, people have less
opportunity to socialize in person, become increasingly awkward at it, and eventually start
avoiding it altogether. In short, they become shy.

7 While being shy has some negative consequences, it has positive aspects, too. For
one thing, it has been mentioned that shy people are good listeners (“Shyness”). 3
Furthermore, a university professor writing about his own shyness says, “Because of their
tendency toward self-criticism, shy people are often high achievers, and not just in solitary
activities like research and writing. Perhaps even more than the drive toward independent
achievement, shy people long to make connections to others, often through altruistic
behavior” (Benton).4

8 To sum up, shyness has both genetic and environmental causes. Some people come
into the world shy, while others become shy as a result of their experiences in life. It
appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives, and recent
research indicates that the number of shy people is increasing. Therefore, if you are shy, you
have lots of company.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

هذه قطعة الأكتئاب ..خلينا نستخرج كل شي درسناه ...

الأجوبة رح تتطابق مع الكلام اللي راح أكتبه بالألوان ...

أول شي خلونا نستخرج الgeneral statement

If you suffer from shyness, you are not alone, for shyness is a universal
phenomenon

ثاني شي نطلع الر thesis statement وطبعااخر جملة بالمقدمة ..

They have found that shyness in an individual can result from both
biological and environmental factors.

ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ..

من خلال thesis statement
يظهر وجود causes للاكتئاب

اذا نوع المقال causes

((وقد وجدوا أن الخجل لدى الفرد يمكن أن تنجم عن كلمن
العوامل البيولوجية والبيئية.)) ..

ودام فيه cause راح يكون فيه effect وبكذا راح نستحضر الجداولالاربعه..

ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ..

نجيلعدد برجرافات البودي ...وهالشي كما شرح تروك نعرفهمن الthesis statement ّ..لكن نلاحظ هنا مو دائما يكون هالشي منطبق عالقطعة ..

اللي هي كانت :
They have found that shyness in an individual can result from both
biological and environmental factors.

.. عوامل بيلوجيةوبيئية ..المفروض نقول البودي 2 ..

لكن أتى هنا البرجراف transition وفصلبين السببين وبدا يعدد لل environmental

كذا سبب وكل سبب ياخذ له برجراف ...

في سؤال : أي من البرقرافات تناقش الأسباب ..
الإجابة حتكون : 2 / 4 / 5 / 6
وفي كلمات دلالية خلتنا نعرف هالشي ...

ورح أأشرها باللونالفوشي ..

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ...

الأن سنفصل ما بعد المقدمة ..

من ال thesis عرفنا وحده من الاسباب وهي تجي بأول جمله من البرجراف البودي الاول topic sentense

2 Recent research reveals that some individuals are genetically predisposed to
some people are born shy
__________________________...

بعد أول بودي ..حيجينا برجراف يلي هواهادا :

3 However, environment can, at least in some cases, triumph over biology. A shy
child may lose much of his or her shyness. On the other hand, many people who were not
shy as children become shy as adults, a fact that points to environment or experiential
causes.

وهو يفصل السبب الاول اللي هوالbiological عن السبب الثاني اللي هو enviromental causes
وأسمي البرجراف فيهذي الحاله بtransition

بعد ما اتكلمنابالبرجراف الأول عن البيولجي ..بهذا البرجراف فصل البيولجي عن الانفايرومنت ..وسوفيبدأ بتعداد أسباب الانفايرومنت ..كما نلاحظ كلمة causes بأخر سطر منه ...

____________________________ ..

بعد البرقرافات اللي ناقشتالأسباب بدايتها اللون الوردي ..

ونجي للبرجراف السابع وهنا راح تقابلناكلمه من اللي المفروض نكون حافظينها حق ال effect

7 While being shy has some negative consequences, it has positive aspects, too. For
one thing, it has been mentioned that shy people are good listeners (“Shyness”). 3
Furthermore, a university professor writing about his own shyness says, “Because of their
tendency toward self-criticism, shy people are often high achievers, and not just in solitary
activities like research and writing. Perhaps even more than the drive toward independent
achievement, shy people long to make connections to others, often through altruistic
behavior” (Benton).4

وبسبب الكلمه هذي راح يكون البرجرافالسابع هوeffect

ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ..

نجي للبرجراف الاخير وهو الخاتمة راح تلاحظون ان كلمة جت بال thesis وتكررت فيها اللي هي cause والخاتمه راح تكون من ال suggest result or conseques لان فيه كلمه تدل على هالنوع وهي To sum up

8 To sum up, shyness has both genetic and environmental causes. Some people come
into the world shy, while others become shy as a result of their experiences in life. It
appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives, and recent
research indicates that the number of shy people is increasing. Therefore, if you are shy, you
have lots of company.

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ...

والأن نسترجع ما دوناه باختصار ..

introduction

cause 1(biology

transition البرجرافالثالث

cause 2 الانفايرومنت

cause 3 للانفايرومنت

cause 4للانفايرومنت

effect البرجراف السابع

conclusion

...................

حيسأل عن نمط الجدول ..

وهيك يكون عندي الجدول b
introduction

cause1

transition paragraph

cause2
cause2
cause3
effect

conclusin

طبعانوعه حيكون بلا شك block

ليش بلوك لأنه ناقش كل الأسباب لوحدها وبعدينالنتائج ..

طبعا أي مقال حيجينا بالاختبار حيكون كله ورى بعض ..بدون سطور وفراغات مابين كل برجرافين وألوان
وكلمات البودي والنهاية والترانزشن والأسبابوالنتائج لازم نكون عارفينها عشان نقدر نقسم المقال بهالطريقة ...

وان شاءلله تكون وضحت

[Sitah.Alotaibi]

شرح المحاضرة 8 للاخ رضوان

المحاضرة تتكلم عن نهج من مناهج كتابة المقال, ألا وهو نهج المقارنة والمقابلة comparison and contrast

طريقته أن يأتي بشيئين ويذكر الفوارق أو المتشابهات بينهم أو الاثنين

يعني مثلا يجيك مقال يتكلم عن الدراسة بالانتظام والتعليم عن بعد

فإما أنه يتكلم عن الفرق بينهم أو أنه يتكلم عن الشبه بينهم أو أنه يتكلم عن الفرق والشبه

الشيء الذي يحدد طريقة المقال هي أهم جملة في المقال ألا وهي جملة النقاش Thesis statement

ومن الأشياء اللي تحدد على إيش راح يركز المقال هو الـ subordinator الموجود في الـ thesis statement
مثل although أو dispite (يقول الدكتور راح يركز على هذي النقطة في المحاضرة القادمة)

وطريقة المقارنة إما block, وهي أن يذكر الفوارق كلها في براقراف والتشابهات في براقراف ثاني
أو طريقة point by point وهي أن يخصص براقراف لكل اختلاف وكل تشابه

هذا بالإضافة إلى الـ introduction paragraph و الـ conclusion إللي هي أشياء أساسية لابد من وجودها

وهناك براقراف اختياري اللي هو الـ transition paragraph, وهو يجي بين براقرافات الاختلاف وبراقرافات التشابه ويربط بينها

مفضلة رضوان

[شرواك]

هذا ملخص رفيق الصمت
الملخص طويل لكن فيه حل التمارين اتمنى يفيدكم

http://www.ckfu.org/vb/attachment.ph...6&d=1398612148

[مريم عمر]

مختصر مفيد

http://www.arabsharing.com/do.php?id=860

[Manali]

ملف مرفق 229242

اعجبني شرح تروك الله يسعده

[لارين القرني]

ممكن احد يفهمني ذي
process or procedure

مو عارفه ايش هيا والا الاسئله كيف راح تكون

[wed.y alzuod]

ارفقولي ملف تروك الله يسعدكم ضروري

[لارين القرني]

تفضلي

[wed.y alzuod]

يسلمو كتير حبيبتي

[wed.y alzuod]

بس هاد الشرح للاساله فقط صح؟؟ مو شرح الماده كامله يعني
صح ولا انا غلطانه