[ مذاكرة جماعية ] : [ مجلس النقد الأدبي ] تجمعنا لمادة النقد الأدبي

[صمت الظلام]

With structuralism, literary criticism develops the ambition to study literature from a

A- Strictly literary perspective
B- Strictly scientific perspective
C- Strictly poetic perspective
D- Strictly Marxist perspective

[وزيرة]

صباح الخير
فتحت التحديد اللي باالأصفر وهو من دون ترجمـة تحسفت ماذاكرت منه والله
مرتب ويفتح النفس

[صمت الظلام]

The Romans so desperately wanted to imitate the Greeks and so constantly failed to match them because

A- The Romans did not read and write
B- The Romans did not have translators
C- Imitation cannot produce originality
D- The Romans were bad imitators

[Hnofah]

C- Imitation cannot produce originality


صح؟

[Re7ab]

43-Logocentrism is an important concept that was developed by :
A- Structuralists
B- Post-structiralists
C- Formalism
D- Semioticians


aمره محلول
ومره b



ايش الحل ؟

[ob3erver]

هل يوجد شيء محذوف او كله مطلوب..؟

[fatoom929]

1-Ars Poetica is a treatise on poetry by :
A- Plato
B- Aristotle
C- Horace
D- Cicero

2- "Captive Greece took its wild conqueror captive. "The conqueror was:
A- England
B- France
C- Russia
D- Rome

3-Medievel and Renaissance authors like Dante considered language to be :
A- A human creation
B- A divine creation
C- A government creation
D- A product of chance

4-In the Renaissance, Lorenzo Valla broke with tradition and considered language to be :
A- A human creation
B- A divine creation
C- A government creation
D- A product of chance

5-It was during the Renaissance that the monopoly of Latin as the sole language of instruction and education was broken. The weapon that humanists used to break that monopoly was :
A- Books of literature
B- Poems that praised the vernacular
C- Grammar Books
D- Criticism

6-During the Renaissance, Humanist critics relied heavily on theories of imitation that …. Developed :
A- In Rome
B- In Greece
C- In Europe
D- In the Muslim world

7-In literary criticism, formalism is the attempt to make the study of literature :
A- Formal and serious
B- Scientific and objective
C- Fun and entertaining
D- Educational and interesting

8-The aim of Russian Formalism was :
A- To encourage Russians to write more literature
B- To establish formalism as a respectable school of literary criticism
C- To establish literary scholarship as a distinct and autonomous field of study
D- To show the relevance of linguistic theory to the study of literature


9-Formalists located literary meaning in :
A- The poet
B- The poem
C- The figures of speech
D- The impact of the poem on the reader

10-Formalists proposed to make a distinction :
A- Between prose and poetry
B- Between ancient and modern poetry
C- Between poetic language and ordinary language
D- Between Russian poetic language and English poetic language

11-when a narrative stops the chonological order to bring events or information from the past ( of the time zero ), it is called :
A- Analepsis
B- Prolepsis
C- Anachrony
D- Flashback

12- when a narrative stops the chonological order to bring events or information from the future ( of the time zero ), it is called :
A- Analepsis
B- Prolepsis
C- Anachrony
D- Flashback

13-Genette distinguishes three kinds of focalization :
A- Internal, external and zero focalization
B- Simple, complex and compsite focalization
C- First, second and third degree focalization
D- Small, medium and large focalization

14-What are the two issues that Gerard Gennete says traditional criticism confuses under "Point of View":
A- Plot and characters
B- Writer and narrator
C- First-person narration and third-person narration
D- Narrative voice and narrative perspective

15-According to Roland Barthes, "a text is not a line of words realizing a single 'theological' meaning (the 'message' of the Author-God) but :
A- " a space in which a variety of writings, none of them original, blend and clash."
B- " a ground in which a variety of writings, none of them original, blend and clash."
C- " a multi-dimensional in which a variety of writings, none of them original, blend and clash."
D- " a uni-dimensional space in which a variety of writings, none of them original, blend and clash."



16-Roland Barthes rejected the idea that literature and should rely on :
A- A single method of reading that everyone should follow
B- A single self-determining author, in control of his meanings
C- A single school of criticism to interpreta all the texts
D- A single philosophy of language to use for literary criticsm

17-Barthes wants literature to move away fro the idea of the author in order to discover :
A- The power of literature
B- The hidden meaning of the text
C- The intentions of the author
D- The reader and writing

18-According to Michel Foucault, the "author function"is :
A- A set of belief that the author encodes in his text for the reader to find
B- A set of criteria the reader applies to understand the opinion of the author in the text
C- A set of criteria used in bookstores to organize books on the shelves
D- A set of beliefs governing the production, circulation, classification and consumption of text

19-What is the number of the actants in Greimas's Actantial Model ?
A- Six
B- Ten
C- Sixteen
D- Twenty





20-A.J. Greimas says we can apply the Actantial Model on :
A- Short stories
B- Novels
C- Plays
D- All literature

21-Mimesis-Diegesis is a literary distinction that was first formulated by :
A- Shakespeare
B- Aristotle
C- Quinintilian
D- Plato

22-Poetry, Says Plato, is dangerous and ought to be banned from the state because
A- Poetry makes people lazy
B- Poetry cripples the mind
C- Poetry makes people weak in math
D- Poetry teaches people to rob and steal

23-Without a system of writing, how does a society preserve and transmit its knowledge, its customs and its traditions ?
A- They hire writers from another society
B- They use poetry and songs
C- They use videotape
D- They use word of mouth

24-Which critics said: "And narration may either simple narration, or imitation, or a union of the two" ?
A- Ibn Rushd
B- Aristotle
C- Horace
D- Plato



25-The Greek term for "art" and its Latin equivalent (ars) refer to :
A- The fine arts
B- The sciences
C- The crafts
D- All kinds of human activities which we would call crafts or sciences

26-Aristotle defined what as " imitation of an action " ?
A- Poetry
B- Tragedy
C- Films
D- Music

27-Tragedy causes pity and fear in :
A- The writer
B- The audience
C- The actors
D- The hero

28-What genre of literature does Aristotle say have six parts
A- The novel
B- Comedy
C- Tragedy
D- Epic poetry

29-What is it that, according to Aristotle, should have a beginning, a middle and an end ?
A- The characters
B- The setting
C- The themes
D- The plot








30-The most accurate definition of the " plot " in Aristotle's theory of tragedy is :
A- The events of the story
B- The arrangement of the events in the story
C- The arrangement of the hero's action in a cause- effect chain of incidents
D- The arrangement of the events in a cause-effect chain incidents

31-"Literariness," according to Jan Mukarovsky, consists in :
A- The maximum of foregrounding of the utterance
B- The minimum of foregrounding of the utterance
C- The maximum of backgrounding of the utterance
D- The minimum of backgrounding of the utterance

32-In poetry, said Jakobson, the communicative function should be :
A- Reduce to minimum
B- Increased to a maximum
C- Completely eliminated
D- Used moderately

33-Vladimir Propp tested his theories on :
A- Renaissance drama
B- American short stories
C- English novels
D- Russian fairytales
34-Structuralism seeks to :
A- Interpret literature
B- Investigate the structures of literature
C- Investigate styles in literature
D- Investigate metaphors in literature



35-Formalism became in the 1960s the foundation for which school of literary criticism ?
A- Structuralism
B- Deconstruction
C- Marxism
D- Post-structuralism

36-With structuralism, literary criticism develops the ambition to study literature from a
A- Strictly literary perspective
B- Strictly scientific perspective
C- Strictly poetic perspective
D- Strictly Marxist perspective

37-In Narrative Discourse, Gerard Gennette defines the "time of the story" as :
A- The time in which the author is writing the story
B- The time in which the story happens
C- The time in which the story is being told
D- The time in which the story is being read

38-In Narrative Discourse, Gerard Gennette defines the "time of the narrative" as :
A- The time in which the author is writing the story
B- The time in which the story happens
C- The time in which the story is being told
D- The time in which the story is being read

39-Gerard Gennette calls "narrative order" :
A- The relationship between the time of the story and the time of the narrative
B- The relationship between the time of the story and the time of the reading
C- The relationship between the time of writing and the time of reading
D- The relationship between the time of fiction and real time

40-When a narrative stops the chronological order to bring events or information from the past ( of the time zero ) of from the future ( of the time zero ), it is called
A- Flashback
B- Projection in the future
C- prolepses
D- Anachronies

41-Who said: " There is no pre-discursive reality. Every reality is shaped and accessed by a discourse" ?
A- Roland Barthes
B- Michel Foucault
C- Jacques Derrida
D- A . J . Greimans

42-According to Richard Mabark, European writers knew Greek works :
A- Directly by reading them
B- From Arabic translations
C- By hiring Greek translators
D- Only through the praise of ( Roman ) Latin authors

43-Logocentrism is an important concept that was developed by :
A- Structuralists
B- Post-structiralists
C- Formalism
D- Semioticians

44-Karl Marx said that it is people's material conditions that determines their :
A- Literary talents
B- Consciousness
C- Wealth
D- Productivity



45-In Marxist criticism, literary products ( novels, plays, etc ) cannot be understood :
A- Without reference to the author's biography and political culture
B- Without reference to the classical background that influences them
C- Outside of the economic conditions, class relations and ideologies of their time
D- Outside the time and place in which the author lives

46-Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were :
A- Literary critics
B- Political philosophers
C- Novelists
D- Playwrights

47-Western drama, poetry, literary criticism, art, education, politics, fashion, architecture, painting, sculpture were ALL produced in imitation of
A- French literature
B- Classical Antiquity
C- Latin American culture
D- Arabic and Islamic culture

48-The West's relationship with Greece and Rome is :
A- Full of contradictions and ambivalence
B- Simple and straightforward
C- Unknown
D- Beautiful

49-The Romans so desperately wanted to imitate the Greeks and so constantly failed to match them because :
A- The Romans did not read and write
B- The Romans did not have translators
C- Imitation cannot produce originality
D- The Romans were bad imitators



50-The Romans were :
A- Simple, rural and uncultivated people
B- Sophisticated and literary people
C- Multilingual
D- Unable to read and write

[حلم ع ـمري]

السلام عليكم .. لو سمحتوا ابي اعرف معني
هي الكلمة
actantial models

[ساره 2005]

With structuralism, literary criticism develops the ambition to study literature from a

A- Strictly literary perspective
B- Strictly scientific perspective
C- Strictly poetic perspective
D- Strictly Marxist perspective

The Romans so desperately wanted to imitate the Greeks and so constantly failed to match them because

A- The Romans did not read and write
B- The Romans did not have translators
C- Imitation cannot produce originality
D- The Romans were bad imitators

43-Logocentrism is an important concept that was developed by :
A- Structuralists
B- Post-structiralists
C- Formalism
D- Semioticians

[Hnofah]

التحديد الي بالأصفر ايش حكايته ؟