|
E6 English Literature Students Level six Forum |
|
ÃÏæÇÊ ÇáãæÖæÚ |
2014- 12- 20 | #181 | |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÐåÜÈÜí
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
ÇÝÊÞÏäÇß æÇÝÊÞÏäÇ ÔÑÍß æãÓÇÚÏÊß Çááå íÌÒÇß ÎíÑ ¡ æÅä ÔÇÁ Çááå íßæä ÇáãÇäÚ ÎíÑ . |
|
2014- 12- 20 | #182 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÐåÜÈÜí
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
ÈÇáäÓÈÉ ááßæíÒÇÊ ÇäÇ ÔÝÊåÇ Çáì ÇáãÍÇÖÑÉ 4 ÈÕÑÇÍÉ ÝíåÇ äÞÕ æáÇ ÝíåÇ ÇãËáÉ ßËíÑ áÇÒã äÑÌÚ ááãÍÊæì áÇäåÇ ãÇ ÊßÝí ãä æÌå æÌåÉ äÙÑí ÈÇáÊæÝíÞ ÌãíÚÇ |
2014- 12- 20 | #183 |
ãÊãíÒ ÈÇáãÓÊæì E8
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
all and only this mean ’ the grammatical sentences and ‘only’ the grammatical sentences) all’ the grammatical sentences ‘only’ the grammatical sentences) no all’ the grammatical sentences ‘only’ the grammatical sentences) all’ the grammatical sentences and ‘only’ the grammatical sentences) |
2014- 12- 20 | #184 | |
ãÊãíÒÉ ÈãáÊÞì ÇáØáÇÈ æÇáØÇáÈÇÊ ÇáÊÑÝíåí
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
ÌåæÏí åÇáÊíÑã ãÊæÞÝ ÈÌÑæÈÇÊ ÏÑÇÓíÉ ÚÈÑ ÇáÌæÇá..ÃÓÑÚ áí .. áßä Çä ÔÇÁááå ÇáÊíÑã ÇáÊÇäí Ãßæä ãÚÇßã ãä ÇáÈÏÇíÉ .. æÃäÇ åíß áÇÍÙÊ ßãÇä ..ÇáßæíÒÇÊ ÌãíáÉ áßä ÛíÑ ÔÇãáÉ ..íÚäí ãÑÇÌÚÉ ÎÝíÝÉ ÊÚÊÈÑ ... |
|
2014- 12- 20 | #185 |
ãÊãíÒ ÈÇáãÓÊæì E8
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
‘One morning, I shot an elephant in my pyjamas.’
a-structural ambiguity b-surface structure c-deep structure |
2014- 12- 20 | #186 | |||||
ãõãíÒ ÈÇáãÓÊæì 8 E
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
ãä ÇáÕÚÈ Íá ßá åÇáßáãÇÊ áßä ÇáÓÄÇá ÈÓíØ , íÓÇá åá ÇáßáãÉ content Ãæ function words ÚáÔÇä ÇáÝåã content ãÚäÇÊå Çä ÇáßáãÉ Êßæä Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs ÝÚá Çæ ÇÓã Çæ ÕÝå Çæ ÙÑÝ Function words ãÚäÇÊå Çä Êßæä ÇáßáãÉ ãä ÇáÇäæÇÚ ÇáÊÇáíÉ Prepositions ãËá of, at, in, without, by, between Pronouns ãËá he, they, anybody, it, one Conjunctions ãËá and, when, while, although, or Modal verbs ãËá may, must, should, can, must, ought, need, etc. Auxiliary verbs ãËá Be (am, is, are), have, do Particles ãËá no (e.g. no one) not, nor, as äÑÌÚ ááÓÄÇá áæ ÇÎÐäÇ ÌãáÉ æÇÍÏÉ (ÇáßáãÇÊ Çááí ÊÍÊåÇ ÎØ) ãËá Sara Ferguson stared out the window of the café åäÇ äÞæá Sara äÞæá åí ÇÓã noun ÝÊÕíÑ content word stared ÝÚá ÝÊÕíÑ content word window ÇÓã noun ÝÊÕíÑ content word of ÍÑÝ ÌÑ PrepositionsÝÊÕíÑ Function words æÇáÊØÈíÞ Úáì ÈÞíÉ ÇáÇãËáå .. ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
ÇáãÍÇÖÑÉ ÇáÓÇÈÚå ÝíåÇ ßáÇã Úä Çá compounding Çááí åæ ÌãÚ 2 ÝÑí ãæÑÝíãÒ ãÚ ÈÚÖ ãËá seasick ÇäæÇÚ Çá compounding ËáÇËÉ ÇáÇæá : Endocentric Compounds æåæ Çááí íßæä ÇáÇÓã ÇáÇÎíÑ Ýíå åæ ÇáÇÓÇÓ head ãËá coffee table åäÇ ÇáÇÓã ÇáÇÎíÑ table Ýíßæä åæ ÇáÇÓÇÓ íÚäí ØÇæáå ÞåæÉ , ÇáÞåæÉ ãÇ áåÇ ÏæÑ Óæì áÈíÇä ÇáØÇæáå ãËÇá ËÇäí greenhouse ÝåäÇ ÇáÇÓÇÓ åæ Çá house ÇáÈíÊ ÇáßáãÉ ÇáÇæáì ÝÞØ áÈíÇä Çä ÇáÈíÊ ÇÎÖÑ Çáãåã åäÇ Çä ÇáßáãÉ ÇáËÇäíÉ Çááí åí ÇáÇÓÇÓ ÊÓãì head ÇáäæÚ ÇáËÇäí : Exocentric Compounds åäÇ ãÇ Ýíå Ôí ÇÓÇÓ , ßáåÇ Òí ÈÚÖ Here, the compound does not refer to an entity denoted by either constituent (component).I ãËÇá paleface åäÇ ÇÎÑ ßáãÉ face áßä ãÇ áåÇ ÚáÇÞÉ ÈÇáãÚäì , æÇáßáãÉ ÊÏá Úáì Ôí ËÇäí. answerphone åäÇ ÇáßáãÉ ÇáÇÎíÑÉ phone ãÇ áåÇ ÚáÇÞÉ ÈÇáãÚäì ÇáäæÚ ÇáËÇáË : Copulative Compounds åäÇ ßá ÇáßáãÊíä ÊÔÊÑß ÈÇáãÚäì , Here, both constituents refer to the entity denoted by the whole compoundãËÇá :An owner-builder -----------> is both: ‘an owner’ of a house and ‘its builder Çä ÔÇÁ Çááå æÖÍÊ .. ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
Çááí ÇÚÑÝå un-friend-li-ness rude-ness æÇä ÔÇÁ Çááå ÈíÌíÈ ãä Çááí Íáåã .. Çæ Ôí Óåá .. ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
independent ÊÚÊãÏ Úáì äÝÓåÇ , ãÇ ÊÍÊÇÌ ÇÍÏ dependent áãÇ ÊÞÑÇí ÇáÌãáÉ ÊÍÓí ãÍÊÇÌÉ Ìãáå ËÇäíÉ ÊßãáåÇ ãËáÇ If you can't find your way, please ask for help áæ ÇÎÐäÇ ÇáÌÒÁ ÇáÇæá If you can't find your way ÊáÞíåÇ äÇÞÕÉ ÝÊÎÊÇÑí dependent please ask for help åäÇ ÇáÌãáå ßÇãáÉ , ãÇ ÊÍÊÇÌ Ôí ÝÊÕíÑ independent æßãáí ÈäÝÓ ÇáØÑíÞÉ ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
äÎÊÇÑ ÈÚÖ ÇáßáãÇÊ
straighten åäÇ ÇáãæÑÝíã åæ en ÇáßáãÉ straight ÊÞÑíÈÇ ÕÝå , áãÇ ÇÖÝäÇ en ÕÇÑÊ ÝÚá ÝãÏÇã ÛíÑÊ ÇáßáãÉ ÝíÕíÑ ÇáãæÑÝíã åäÇ derivational accidental åäÇ ÇáãæÑÝíã al ÇÖíÝ ááßáãÉ accident ÝÍæáåÇ ãä ÇÓã Çáì ÕÝå Ýíßæä ÇáãæÑÝíã derivational æåßÐÇ ,, ÇÐÇ Ýíå ßáãÉ ãÚíäÉ ãÓÊÚÕíÉ ,, ÇØÑÍíåÇ .. ÈÇáÊæÝíÞ |
|||||
2014- 12- 20 | #187 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÝÜÖÜí
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
|
2014- 12- 20 | #188 |
ãÊãíÒ ÈÇáãÓÊæì E8
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
|
2014- 12- 20 | #189 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÝÜÚøÜÇá
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
ÔÑÍ finite æ non-finite
ÇáãÍÇÖÑå ÇáËÇãäå äÞæá Úä ÇáÚÈÇÑÉ ÃäåÇ finite áãÇ íßæä ÝíåÇ ÝÚá finite æäÞæá Úáì ÇáÝÚá finite áãÇ íßæä ÇáÝÚá ãä ÇáäæÚ Çááí íÊÃËÑ ÈËáÇËÉ ÃÔíÇÁ ÇáÒãä tense (ãÖÇÑÚ ãÇÖí) ÇáÚÏÏ (æÇÍÏ Ãæ ÃßËÑ) æÇáÃÔÎÇÕ (ãÊÍÏË Ãæá Ãæ ËÇäí Ãæ ËÇáË) Ýí ÇáÌãáÉ He wants to eat áæ ÛíÑäÇ ÇáÝÇÚá ãä he Åáì You ÇáÝÚá wants ÑÇÍ íÊÃËÑ ÈÊÛíÑ ÇáÔÎÕ æíÕíÑ want æáæ ÛíÑäÇ ÇáÒãä Åáì ÇáãÇÖí ÑÇÍ íÊÃËÑ ÇáÝÚá ÈÊÛíÑ ÇáÒãä æíÊÍæá ÇáÝÚá wants Åáì wanted íßÝí æÇÍÏ ãä ÇáÊÃËíÑíä ÚáÔÇä äÞæá Úä ÇáÝÚá Ãäå finite ãä ÌåÉ ËÇäíÉ ÇáÝÚá eat ãÇ ÑÇÍ íÊÃËÑ ÈÃí ÊÛííÑ æÑÇÍ íÖá Úáì ÍÇáå ãåãÇ ÊÛíÑÊ ÇáÚæÇãá ÇáÓÇÈÞÉ He wants to eat They wnated to eat I want to eat ÈÇáäÊíÌÉ íßæä ÇáÝÚá eat åæ non-finite ãËÇá ËÇäí: He is driving áãÇ äÛíÑ He Åáì I íÚäí äÛíÑ ÇáÔÎÕ ãä ÇáÔÎÕ ÇáËÇáË third person Åáì ÇáÔÎÕ ÇáÃæá first person ÑÇÍ íÊÛíÑ ÚäÏäÇ ÇáÝÚá æíÊÍæá ãä is Åáì am æáæ ÛíÑäÇ He ÇáãÝÑÏ Åáì They ÇáÌãÚ ÑÇÍ íÊÛíÑ ÇáÝÚá is Åáì are æáæ ÛíÑäÇ ÇáÒãä Åáì ÇáãÇÖí ÑÇÍ íÊÍæá ÇáÝÚá ãä is Åáì was Ýíßæä ÇáÝÚá is íÚÊÈÑ finite Ýí ÇáãÞÇÈá ÃíÖÇ ÇáÝÚá driving íÚÊÈÑ non-finite áÃäå ãÇ íÊÃËÑ ÈÇáÚæÇãá ÇáËáÇËÉ ÇáãÐßæÑÉ He is dirving They were driving I am driving We will be driving ãËÇá ËÇáË: The window is proken äØÈÞ ÚáíåÇ äÝÓ ÇáßáÇã The window was broken the window will be broken the windows were broken The window has just been broken ÝÅíÔ ÑÇíß¿ æåäÇ ãáÇÍÙÉ: ãÔ ÇáãÞÕæÏ Ãä ÇáÝÚá ãÇ íÊÃËÑ ÈÇáÒãä Ãäå ãÇ íÙåÑ Úáíå ÚáÇãÇÊ ÇáÒãä, íÚäí Ýí ÇáÝÚá driving æÇÖÍ Ãä ÇáÒãä åæ ÇáãÖÇÑÚ ÇáãÓÊãÑ æÇáÝÚá broken Ýí ÇáãÇÖí ÈÇáÊÕÑíÝ ÇáËÇáË áßä ÇáãÞæÏ Ãä ÇáÒãä Çááí åæ Ýíå æÇáÕíÛÉ Çááí åæ ÚáíåÇ ãÇ ÑÇÍ ÊÊÛíÑ æÇáÜfinite verbs áÇ ÊÎÑÌ Úä ËáÇËÉ ÃäæÇÚ ÇáÕíÛÉ ÇáÃÓÇÓíÉ ááÝÚá base form ãËá want, eat, walk, like ÕíÛÉ ÇáãÖÇÑÚ ÇáÈÓíØ wants, eats, walks, likes ÕíÛÉ ÇáãÇÖí ÇáÈÓíØ wanted, ate, walked, liked íÚäí ãÓÊÍíá íÌíäÇ ÝÚá ÕíÛÊå ãÖÇÑÚ ãÓÊãÑ (ãËá eating) æäÞæá Úäå finite Ãæ ÊÕÑíÝ ËÇáË (ãËá eaten) ÃíÖÇ ãÓÊÍíá íßæä finite |
2014- 12- 20 | #190 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÃáÜãÜÇÓÜí
|
ÑÏ: ÊÌãÚ ãÐÇßÑÉ ÇáäÍæ æÝÇáäÇ ÈÇÇÐä Çááå ÇáÊÝæÞ æÇáÇãÊíÇÒ
ÇáÓáÇã Úáíßã
ÇäÇ ÇÎÐÊ åÇáãÇÏÉ ÞÈá ÚäÏ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ÇáãáÍã æÇáÍíä ÇÎÊí ÚäÏåÇ åÇáãÇÏå æÞÑíÊ Çäå ÏßÊæÑßã ãÊÛíÑ ÈÓ áÞíÊå åæ äÝÓå Çááí íÏÑÓ ÇÎÊí Ýíå áÎÈØÉ ÈÇáãæÖæÚ æáÇ ßíÝ !!¿ |
ãæÇÞÚ ÇáäÔÑ (ÇáãÝÖáÉ) |
ÇáÐíä íÔÇåÏæä ãÍÊæì ÇáãæÖæÚ ÇáÂä : 1 ( ÇáÃÚÖÇÁ 0 æÇáÒæÇÑ 1) | |
|
|
ÇáãæÇÖíÚ ÇáãÊÔÇÈåå | ||||
ÇáãæÖæÚ | ßÇÊÈ ÇáãæÖæÚ | ÇáãäÊÏì | ãÔÇÑßÇÊ | ÂÎÑ ãÔÇÑßÉ |
[ ãÍÊæì ãÞÑÑ ] : ÊÌãÚ ÏÑÌÇÊ ÇáÇãÊÍÇäÇÊ | ÍÇÇÊã | ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇäí - ÇáÏÑÇÓÇÊ ÇáÇÓáÇãíÉ æÚáã ÇÌÊãÇÚ | 365 | 2014- 6- 9 03:59 PM |
[ ÇÓÆáÉ ãÑÇÌÚÉ ] : ÒÈÏå ÇáÊÏÑíÈ ÇáãíÏÇäí ٢ÎãÓ ÕÝÍÇÊ ÝÞØ | ÈÑäÓ989 | ÇÌÊãÇÚ 6 | 63 | 2014- 5- 19 05:56 PM |
[ ÇÓÆáÉ ÇÎÊÈÇÑÇÊ ] : Íá ÇÓÆáÉ ÇÎÊÈÇÑ ÇáÊæÌíå æÇáÇÑÔÇÏ ÇáÇÌÊãÇÚí 11-7-1435åÜ | ÌãíáÉ 83 | ÇÌÊãÇÚ 7 | 47 | 2014- 5- 17 11:54 AM |
[ ÇÓÆáÉ ÇÎÊÈÇÑÇÊ ] : ÃÓÆáÉ ÇÎÊÈÇÑ ãÇÏÉ ÇáÊæÌíÉ æÇáÇÑÓÇÏ ÇáÇÌÊãÇÚí áÜ íæã ÇáÓÈÊ 1435/7/11 | ÇÈæÝÜåÏ | ÇÌÊãÇÚ 7 | 67 | 2014- 5- 12 06:29 PM |