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Book 2: School-Time
1. In Chapter 2 of "School-Time," the reader learns that Mr. Tulliver sees the law as a cock-fight in which "it was the business of injured honesty to get a game bird with the best pluck and the strongest spurs." What does this attitude towards the law say about Mr. Tulliver?
He presents the law as cock-fight. This tells us about Tulliver that he is a man who deals with any problem with physical strength or fight - just like Tom. They like to fight any problem physically. Although law, which Wakem is part with, requires eloquent language, questioning, analyzing. But Mr. Tulliver with use physical power to get what he wants. He thinks that it is unjust- not an honest way. This is the beginning of how to portray Mr. Tulliver and Wakem- the old and the new. It is a current theme in the novel. Wakem represents the new; Mr. Tulliver and Tom represent the old- past- old fashion- old way of thinking, rejecting change, rejecting anything new. He refuses to use new irrigation methods. He refuses any new way. He wants to stick to the old way of the mill and the river Floss. This is why he fights with lawyer Wakem. Lawyer Wakem wants the new, while Mr. Tulliver wants the old. He does not want to change. This is also how he views law. He does not like law. He wants to solve the problem physically.
2. Why does Eliot give Philip a hump-back?
Philip is still a young boy. He does not have the physical strength like Tom- but he has intelligence. Tom has physical strength but he does not have the intelligence. They are like the opposite of each other. He is set in comparison to Tom. Eliot chooses Philip to be a hump-back to feel pity for him so that the readers would sympathize with him, like Maggie. Even Tom himself is not emotional at all. This led him to be closer to Philip. This is one of the reasons why Eliot chose Philip to be hump-back- a child with deformity. He is physically unattractive but he is attractive mentally to Maggie.
Tom mocks him for what he looks like. Later on, when the sword fall, Tom was afraid that he would be deformed like Philip. The readers pity him. it gives more of attachment for him even Mr. Tulliver when Tom said that he will not speak, Tulliver said" the poor deformed boy has nothing to do with his father bad characters" he asks Tom not to make Philip his enemy.
Philip's deformity—a hunched back he has had since birth—has made him somewhat melancholy and bitter. Like Maggie, he suffers from a lack of love in his life. His attraction to Maggie is, in part, a response to her seemingly bottomless capacity for love.
3. What is the significance of the "sword dropping" episode?
The sword dropped. Tom was hurt. This is to show the weakness of Maggie as a girl in contrast with Tom being strong as a young man. She moves backward. The sword was dropped on his foot. He was afraid that he might be crippled like Philip.
This incident shows that Tom's strength can be lost anytime- in one second. He feared that he would lose his physical strength- that there is no continuity in physical strength as well as the intelligence, the strength of the mind and stupidity. Tom is just showing off the mocking Philip's physical inability. He reaches the edge of being himself deformed. With this fear, Tom realizes or appreciates the physical ability he has and not to show off with it in front of Philip.
4. Eliot is well known for her use of biblical imagery. Is there evidence of this at the close of Volume I. If so, why is it here?
Eliot uses images from the bible a lot. (book 2- chapter 7)
She hardly ever saw Philip during the remainder of
their school-life; in the Midsummer holidays he was always away at the
seaside, and at Christmas she could only meet him at long intervals in
the street of St. Ogg's. When they did meet, she remembered her
promise to kiss him, but, as a young lady who had been at a
boarding-school, she knew now that such a greeting was out of the
question, and Philip would not expect it. The promise was void, like
so many other sweet, illusory promises of our childhood; void as
promises made in Eden before the seasons were divided, and when the
starry blossoms grew side by side with the ripening peach,--impossible
to be fulfilled when the golden gates had been passed.
After chapter 7, we have a jump of time. Tom becomes 16, Maggie becomes 13.
At the begging of chapter 7 book 2, we have biblical allusion.
Maggie promises Philip to kiss him again as he is like her brother Tom. She says that she will always kiss him whenever she sees him. When she sees him again, he is almost 13 and he is 16. The promise is broken. She cannot keep her promise in the Victorian society. She cannot kiss him. This promise is broken just as when Adam and Eve broke their promise to God and ate from the forbidden tree and landed from Eden to the Earth.
There is a biblical reference. It is here because of the broken promise. They are moving from Eden to the earth- there is a symbolism here. Maggie and Tom are like Adam and Eve. They had innocence of the childhood, stability of the father's finance. Everything was OK, to adulthood, bankruptcy, no money, no innocence any more. Maggie has to watch her ill father. Tom has to work. Their life completely changed just like Adam and Eve when they go down from Eden to Earth.
5. Discuss the similarities and differences in Eliot's characterization of Maggie and Tom to this point in the novel.
(chapter 7- book 2)Tom has physical strength. He is stronger than her physically. He becomes a tall youth
Maggie, too, was tall now, with braided and coiled hair; she was
almost as tall as Tom, though she was only thirteen; and she really
looked older than he did at that moment. She had thrown off her
bonnet, her heavy braids were pushed back from her forehead, as if it
would not bear that extra load, and her young face had a strangely
worn look, as her eyes turned anxiously toward the door. When Tom
entered she did not speak, but only went up to him, put her arms round
his neck, and kissed him earnestly. He was used to various moods of
hers, and felt no alarm at the unusual seriousness of her greeting.

By the time Tom had reached his last quarter at King's Lorton, the
years had made striking changes in him since the day we saw him
returning from Mr. Jacobs's academy. He was a tall youth now, carrying
himself without the least awkwardness, and speaking without more
shyness than was a becoming symptom of blended diffidence and pride; he wore his tail-coat and his stand-up collars, and watched the down
on his lip with eager impatience, looking every day at his virgin
razor, with which he had provided himself in the last holidays. Philip
had already left,--at the autumn quarter,--that he might go to the
south for the winter, for the sake of his health; and this change
helped to give Tom the unsettled, exultant feeling that usually
belongs to the last months before leaving school. This quarter, too,
there was some hope of his father's lawsuit being decided; _that_ made
the prospect of home more entirely pleasurable. For Tom, who had
gathered his view of the case from his father's conversation, had no
doubt that Pivart would be beaten.
Tom moves from a shy kid to a more proud bold young man. He is taller now. He is a young man. Maggie is as tall as him although she is younger than him. They have changed from childhood to adultness. Tom has serious belief in justice, dealing with people physical ability. He grows to be bolder and less shy.
Book 3: The Downfall
1. In Chapter 2, Bessy Tulliver is found by Tom and Maggie watching over her precious linens, monogrammed table cloths, and various other possessions. Are we meant to interpret Bessy's behavior as fundamentally selfish or do we sympathize with the position in which her husband has put her?
They are angry that their mother notices that they are distressed. Everything – furniture is sold. The mother is looking at the linen and her table cloths. She is lamenting the loss of these trivial things. We as readers do not feel any sympathy towards Mr. Tulliver as he is the one who put his wife in such a position. He has lost all his money. He lent the sister. He sent Tom for education. Later on, we discover that it was not a good decision to send Tom to study abroad. He spent a lot of money on him. At the end, he is bankrupt. Tom could not help. He did not learn anything from Mr. Stelling. It was a bad fault of Mr. Tulliver. He spent a lot of money on the law suit. He rejects new ways. It is always about the old ways.
( if you choose the answer that Mrs. Tulliver is selfish- you have to justify your answer.
If you pity her, you should say why)
A lot of critics say that Eliot in book 1 and 2 explains so many boring details to the readers. In book 3, we have less description, long conversations, events follow each other. She made the pace of the novel quicker- it changed from very low pace, describing everything- analyzing characters- repetition- in book 3. everything happens fast. Some critics say that book 1 and 2 give the basic understanding of the characters. By the time we reach book three, we have understood the character of Mrs. Tulliver. She is a simple Victorian woman that has been raised the Dodson way, being accustomed to being interested in the trivial things, and being accustomed to not thinking too much of other things. When everything goes down and it is a tragedy, they have to bring all the furniture to be sold, we see Mrs. Tulliver with her simplicity and ignorance looking at her lineal and table cloth. Instead of criticizing her, we pity her. She has lost the only little thing that she has. For her, this is all what she cares about. Still, she is going to lose them.
2. Earlier in the novel, Tom and Bob Jakin get into a bit of a scrape over their game of Heads and Tails. What, then, is the significance of Bob's reappearance in Chapter 6?
Bob Jakin reappears again in chapter 6. His reappearance has significance. He used to joke and cheat. Now he is a grown up. He has changed. He comes as he wants to help. Maggie feels very emotional and thanks Bob. She is moved. But Tom is not emotional. he does not move.
Tom does not change. He is still the person who is serious and practical, rational, unemotional, unattached, not moved a bit of what happened. Although he changes in many things, but his way of dealing with Bob is the same since they were children.
3. What does Bessie's meeting with Wakem tell us about the similarities and differences between the latter and Mr. Tulliver? Why does Eliot have Mrs. Tulliver contribute to her husband's downfall?
We meet Lawyer Wakem. Mrs. Tulliver's meeting with Wakem tell us about the similarities and differences between Mr. Tulliver and Wakem.
Wakem cares about money, but Mr. Tulliver does not care much.
There are a lot of similarities. Both of them are proud and stubborn. They are both defending their ideas. Both of them are family people. They love their children and give their children education. Both of them are loving father to their children.
Tulliver is an old fashioned person. He sticks to his old way. He does not want to change. Wakem embraces everything new. The theme of old and new is presented in Wakem and Tulliver. Wakem embrace new irrigation plans, new ways of using the river, new ways of dealing with things. But Oliver is old- fashioned. He sticks to the past. He does not thing of the future much. He made a couple of bad decision. He does not like the new way of cultivation.
Tulliver cares less of materialist things than Wakem. Wakem is tougher and harsher than Tulliver especially when he wants to put him as the manager of the mill.
Mr. Tulliver contributes to her husband's downfall. Eliot made her a helping factor in the downfall of her husband when she met Wakem. It is to prove that preferring women as being unintelligent having no strength in her mind, not thinking, being shallow – the Victorian frame of women caused a downfall. She went for Wakem for good intention, but because she is not vey cleaver and intelligent, she caused the downfall of her mother. Basically she went to help, but because she is not that intelligent, she actually did the opposite.
Eliot wants to emphasis this point, she wants to show that when a man get married, he should look for a woman who cares about their minds not about their small things like linen and table cloths. If her husband falls in a problem, she will not be able to help him. She might contribute to his downfall- even if she is from the Dodson who have money. She could not act rationally. She went without telling anyone and she ruined the life of her husband.



4. What is the significance of Mr. Tulliver taking out a Bible and forcing Tom to sign an oath swearing never to forgive Wakem?
Mr. Tulliver lives in the past. He wants to make sure that Tom will have the same feeling- he wants the past to live. It is the idea of being attached to the past. He is very sick and sad. He lost everything. He cannot let go.
He is dying. He brings the bible and forces Tom to sign an oath swearing never to forgive Wakem. That gives us a significance of how Mr. Tulliver is attached to the past and cannot let go of the past. He wants his children even after his death to keep on their fight with Wakem, to take revenge.

Book 4: The Valley of Humiliation
1. What is the importance of the opening chapter of Book Four? How does it help us understand the Dodsons and the Tullivers?
A Variation of Protestantism Unknown to Bossuet
Journeying down the Rhone on a summer's day, you have perhaps felt the
sunshine made dreary by those ruined villages which stud the banks in
certain parts of its course, telling how the swift river once rose,
like an angry, destroying god, sweeping down the feeble generations
whose breath is in their nostrils, and making their thought, between
the effect produced on us by these dismal remnants of commonplace
houses, which in their best days were but the sign of a sordid life,
belonging in all its details to our own vulgar era, and the effect
produced by those ruins on the castled Rhine, which have crumbled and
mellowed into such harmony with the green and rocky steeps that they
seem to have a natural fitness, like the mountain-pine; nay, even in
the day when they were built they must have had this fitness, as if
they had been raised by an earth-born race, who had inherited from
their mighty parent a sublime instinct of form. And that was a day of
romance; If those robber-barons were somewhat grim and drunken ogres,
they had a certain grandeur of the wild beast in them,--they were
Rhone= is a river between Switzerland and France. On the banks of the river , there are ruined villages. It is ugly.
Rhine= is also a river. Around the river, there is a castle. It is a better river and better place than the Rhone.
Sublime= something really high. Human being should aspire to be sublime= السمو
Eliot compares between the two rivers as at the end will compare between the two families.
The two families are from the same category. They are Victorian people- Victorian families. The two families are compared to the first river Rhone= ugly- narrow . The narrators remembers the Dodson and the Tulliver by the rivers. They are narrow minded= oppressive minded= they are not only narrow minded but also oppressive.
This how the Victorian were viewed- like the river Rhone.
The second mood of life could be related to the castle ruins on the river Rhine. It consists of lines from the past that are colorful, sublime and grandeur- a time of beautiful good and extreme evil.
It is not the Tulivers, not the Dodsons, not the Victorian society.
What George Eliot wants to criticize is that the protestant religion of the Tulliver is basically prosaic= not for exercise- it is only written on papers . It is not solid.ركيك. It is all about the culture, all about the society not about the religion. They do not act it.
The Dodsons care about their way of life. The Tulliver are described as imprudent- متهور. All of them react immediately. Religion to them is not something that they really practice. So, they do not go to the high level of the sublime. So, they belong to the first mood of life- like the river Rhone-
The Dodson also belong to the first mood. There is no sublime principles, no romantic vision, no self-renouncing- the thing Maggie wanted to do.
"The oppressive narrowness" this is what Eliot described the both family. She is actually describing the Victorian society. They are narrow minded and at the same time oppressive. All the society has to practice the same rules.
The Tullivers by contrast is not a self serving family. Eliot describes them as having element of imprudent. They can not be rational.
Eliot emphasizes the dullness of the Tulliver and the Dodsons- just like the Rhone- it is dull. The banks of the river are filled with ruins. There is nothing alive. Everything is dull- like the Victorian society.
The Rhine is different. There are castles- emperors- people who are sublime.
2. How is Chapter 3 significant in helping us understand the evolution of Maggie's character? Why is her new approach to dealing with her emotions by suppressing them ultimately doomed to fail?
Maggie has changed. Everything has changed. The circumstances are sad. The father is sick. He is now becoming ill-tempered, a miser. He does not give them money. he quarrels with the mother. It is a very sad environment in the house. Maggie decides to go to read some books. even when she tries to read, she thinks of the bad situation she is in. at that time, she feels very selfish as thinking of herself. At that time, Bob Jakin comes in and he gives her a book entitled "Thomas A kempis " it is a religious book. The book tells that one must deny himself and deny the earthly pleasure for Heaven الزهد فى الدنيا . It happens a change in her. she decides to deny herself and the earthly pleasure for heaven, to sacrifice herself, to achieve self-denial, self- renouncement. She did that very well. She is an extremist , she loves and hates deeply. She will be totally in self-denial, totally emotional.
She is hungry for attention, to be recognized. She will never succeed in self-denial habit- this extremist way of thinking. It is Philip who tells her the reality. He wants to see her, but she refuses as she has to obey Tom's wishes. She tells him that she decides to deny herself. he starts to question her. He tries to convince her. She is convinced by Philip's thought. She goes to see him. This means that she does not abide by Thomas à Kempis theory.
The book speaks of renouncing self-love. This is what Maggie wants to do- caring with heaven rather than earth. This is the concept adopted by Maggie when she read " Thomas AKempis" she starts adopting the book's mood of self abnegation over self- love.
Book four contains many metaphors.
The title of book four is- the Valley of Humiliation- it is taken from " Pilgrims Progress"
Within Maggie, there are two opposing force , the force of the others and the force of the self the force of loving the self, the emotional state, her need to be loved by other. These forces represent the society and the self, Tom and herself, Philip and herself, the father's wish and her coming married to Philip. These forces clash in Maggie all the time along the novel.

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يوووووووه والله حطيته ان الكتابه تصير من اليسار بس مااش فشلني يالله اهم شي يكون مفهوم ان شا الله

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هذي محاضرة 4 و5 للي طلبتها :)


Book 2: School-Time
1. In Chapter 2 of "School-Time," the reader learns that Mr. Tulliver sees the law as a cock-fight in which "it was the business of injured honesty to get a game bird with the best pluck and the strongest spurs." What does this attitude towards the law say about Mr. Tulliver?
He presents the law as cock-fight. This tells us about Tulliver that he is a man who deals with any problem with physical strength or fight - just like Tom. They like to fight any problem physically. Although law, which Wakem is part with, requires eloquent language, questioning, analyzing. But Mr. Tulliver with use physical power to get what he wants. He thinks that it is unjust- not an honest way. This is the beginning of how to portray Mr. Tulliver and Wakem- the old and the new. It is a current theme in the novel. Wakem represents the new; Mr. Tulliver and Tom represent the old- past- old fashion- old way of thinking, rejecting change, rejecting anything new. He refuses to use new irrigation methods. He refuses any new way. He wants to stick to the old way of the mill and the river Floss. This is why he fights with lawyer Wakem. Lawyer Wakem wants the new, while Mr. Tulliver wants the old. He does not want to change. This is also how he views law. He does not like law. He wants to solve the problem physically.
2. Why does Eliot give Philip a hump-back?
Philip is still a young boy. He does not have the physical strength like Tom- but he has intelligence. Tom has physical strength but he does not have the intelligence. They are like the opposite of each other. He is set in comparison to Tom. Eliot chooses Philip to be a hump-back to feel pity for him so that the readers would sympathize with him, like Maggie. Even Tom himself is not emotional at all. This led him to be closer to Philip. This is one of the reasons why Eliot chose Philip to be hump-back- a child with deformity. He is physically unattractive but he is attractive mentally to Maggie.
Tom mocks him for what he looks like. Later on, when the sword fall, Tom was afraid that he would be deformed like Philip. The readers pity him. it gives more of attachment for him even Mr. Tulliver when Tom said that he will not speak, Tulliver said" the poor deformed boy has nothing to do with his father bad characters" he asks Tom not to make Philip his enemy.
Philip's deformity—a hunched back he has had since birth—has made him somewhat melancholy and bitter. Like Maggie, he suffers from a lack of love in his life. His attraction to Maggie is, in part, a response to her seemingly bottomless capacity for love.
3. What is the significance of the "sword dropping" episode?
The sword dropped. Tom was hurt. This is to show the weakness of Maggie as a girl in contrast with Tom being strong as a young man. She moves backward. The sword was dropped on his foot. He was afraid that he might be crippled like Philip.
This incident shows that Tom's strength can be lost anytime- in one second. He feared that he would lose his physical strength- that there is no continuity in physical strength as well as the intelligence, the strength of the mind and stupidity. Tom is just showing off the mocking Philip's physical inability. He reaches the edge of being himself deformed. With this fear, Tom realizes or appreciates the physical ability he has and not to show off with it in front of Philip.
4. Eliot is well known for her use of biblical imagery. Is there evidence of this at the close of Volume I. If so, why is it here?
Eliot uses images from the bible a lot. (book 2- chapter 7)
She hardly ever saw Philip during the remainder of
their school-life; in the Midsummer holidays he was always away at the
seaside, and at Christmas she could only meet him at long intervals in
the street of St. Ogg's. When they did meet, she remembered her
promise to kiss him, but, as a young lady who had been at a
boarding-school, she knew now that such a greeting was out of the
question, and Philip would not expect it. The promise was void, like
so many other sweet, illusory promises of our childhood; void as
promises made in Eden before the seasons were divided, and when the
starry blossoms grew side by side with the ripening peach,--impossible
to be fulfilled when the golden gates had been passed.
After chapter 7, we have a jump of time. Tom becomes 16, Maggie becomes 13.
At the begging of chapter 7 book 2, we have biblical allusion.
Maggie promises Philip to kiss him again as he is like her brother Tom. She says that she will always kiss him whenever she sees him. When she sees him again, he is almost 13 and he is 16. The promise is broken. She cannot keep her promise in the Victorian society. She cannot kiss him. This promise is broken just as when Adam and Eve broke their promise to God and ate from the forbidden tree and landed from Eden to the Earth.
There is a biblical reference. It is here because of the broken promise. They are moving from Eden to the earth- there is a symbolism here. Maggie and Tom are like Adam and Eve. They had innocence of the childhood, stability of the father's finance. Everything was OK, to adulthood, bankruptcy, no money, no innocence any more. Maggie has to watch her ill father. Tom has to work. Their life completely changed just like Adam and Eve when they go down from Eden to Earth.
5. Discuss the similarities and differences in Eliot's characterization of Maggie and Tom to this point in the novel.
(chapter 7- book 2)Tom has physical strength. He is stronger than her physically. He becomes a tall youth
Maggie, too, was tall now, with braided and coiled hair; she was
almost as tall as Tom, though she was only thirteen; and she really
looked older than he did at that moment. She had thrown off her
bonnet, her heavy braids were pushed back from her forehead, as if it
would not bear that extra load, and her young face had a strangely
worn look, as her eyes turned anxiously toward the door. When Tom
entered she did not speak, but only went up to him, put her arms round
his neck, and kissed him earnestly. He was used to various moods of
hers, and felt no alarm at the unusual seriousness of her greeting.

By the time Tom had reached his last quarter at King's Lorton, the
years had made striking changes in him since the day we saw him
returning from Mr. Jacobs's academy. He was a tall youth now, carrying
himself without the least awkwardness, and speaking without more
shyness than was a becoming symptom of blended diffidence and pride; he wore his tail-coat and his stand-up collars, and watched the down
on his lip with eager impatience, looking every day at his virgin
razor, with which he had provided himself in the last holidays. Philip
had already left,--at the autumn quarter,--that he might go to the
south for the winter, for the sake of his health; and this change
helped to give Tom the unsettled, exultant feeling that usually
belongs to the last months before leaving school. This quarter, too,
there was some hope of his father's lawsuit being decided; _that_ made
the prospect of home more entirely pleasurable. For Tom, who had
gathered his view of the case from his father's conversation, had no
doubt that Pivart would be beaten.
Tom moves from a shy kid to a more proud bold young man. He is taller now. He is a young man. Maggie is as tall as him although she is younger than him. They have changed from childhood to adultness. Tom has serious belief in justice, dealing with people physical ability. He grows to be bolder and less shy.
Book 3: The Downfall
1. In Chapter 2, Bessy Tulliver is found by Tom and Maggie watching over her precious linens, monogrammed table cloths, and various other possessions. Are we meant to interpret Bessy's behavior as fundamentally selfish or do we sympathize with the position in which her husband has put her?
They are angry that their mother notices that they are distressed. Everything – furniture is sold. The mother is looking at the linen and her table cloths. She is lamenting the loss of these trivial things. We as readers do not feel any sympathy towards Mr. Tulliver as he is the one who put his wife in such a position. He has lost all his money. He lent the sister. He sent Tom for education. Later on, we discover that it was not a good decision to send Tom to study abroad. He spent a lot of money on him. At the end, he is bankrupt. Tom could not help. He did not learn anything from Mr. Stelling. It was a bad fault of Mr. Tulliver. He spent a lot of money on the law suit. He rejects new ways. It is always about the old ways.
( if you choose the answer that Mrs. Tulliver is selfish- you have to justify your answer.
If you pity her, you should say why)
A lot of critics say that Eliot in book 1 and 2 explains so many boring details to the readers. In book 3, we have less description, long conversations, events follow each other. She made the pace of the novel quicker- it changed from very low pace, describing everything- analyzing characters- repetition- in book 3. everything happens fast. Some critics say that book 1 and 2 give the basic understanding of the characters. By the time we reach book three, we have understood the character of Mrs. Tulliver. She is a simple Victorian woman that has been raised the Dodson way, being accustomed to being interested in the trivial things, and being accustomed to not thinking too much of other things. When everything goes down and it is a tragedy, they have to bring all the furniture to be sold, we see Mrs. Tulliver with her simplicity and ignorance looking at her lineal and table cloth. Instead of criticizing her, we pity her. She has lost the only little thing that she has. For her, this is all what she cares about. Still, she is going to lose them.
2. Earlier in the novel, Tom and Bob Jakin get into a bit of a scrape over their game of Heads and Tails. What, then, is the significance of Bob's reappearance in Chapter 6?
Bob Jakin reappears again in chapter 6. His reappearance has significance. He used to joke and cheat. Now he is a grown up. He has changed. He comes as he wants to help. Maggie feels very emotional and thanks Bob. She is moved. But Tom is not emotional. he does not move.
Tom does not change. He is still the person who is serious and practical, rational, unemotional, unattached, not moved a bit of what happened. Although he changes in many things, but his way of dealing with Bob is the same since they were children.
3. What does Bessie's meeting with Wakem tell us about the similarities and differences between the latter and Mr. Tulliver? Why does Eliot have Mrs. Tulliver contribute to her husband's downfall?
We meet Lawyer Wakem. Mrs. Tulliver's meeting with Wakem tell us about the similarities and differences between Mr. Tulliver and Wakem.
Wakem cares about money, but Mr. Tulliver does not care much.
There are a lot of similarities. Both of them are proud and stubborn. They are both defending their ideas. Both of them are family people. They love their children and give their children education. Both of them are loving father to their children.
Tulliver is an old fashioned person. He sticks to his old way. He does not want to change. Wakem embraces everything new. The theme of old and new is presented in Wakem and Tulliver. Wakem embrace new irrigation plans, new ways of using the river, new ways of dealing with things. But Oliver is old- fashioned. He sticks to the past. He does not thing of the future much. He made a couple of bad decision. He does not like the new way of cultivation.
Tulliver cares less of materialist things than Wakem. Wakem is tougher and harsher than Tulliver especially when he wants to put him as the manager of the mill.
Mr. Tulliver contributes to her husband's downfall. Eliot made her a helping factor in the downfall of her husband when she met Wakem. It is to prove that preferring women as being unintelligent having no strength in her mind, not thinking, being shallow – the Victorian frame of women caused a downfall. She went for Wakem for good intention, but because she is not vey cleaver and intelligent, she caused the downfall of her mother. Basically she went to help, but because she is not that intelligent, she actually did the opposite.
Eliot wants to emphasis this point, she wants to show that when a man get married, he should look for a woman who cares about their minds not about their small things like linen and table cloths. If her husband falls in a problem, she will not be able to help him. She might contribute to his downfall- even if she is from the Dodson who have money. She could not act rationally. She went without telling anyone and she ruined the life of her husband.



4. What is the significance of Mr. Tulliver taking out a Bible and forcing Tom to sign an oath swearing never to forgive Wakem?
Mr. Tulliver lives in the past. He wants to make sure that Tom will have the same feeling- he wants the past to live. It is the idea of being attached to the past. He is very sick and sad. He lost everything. He cannot let go.
He is dying. He brings the bible and forces Tom to sign an oath swearing never to forgive Wakem. That gives us a significance of how Mr. Tulliver is attached to the past and cannot let go of the past. He wants his children even after his death to keep on their fight with Wakem, to take revenge.

Book 4: The Valley of Humiliation
1. What is the importance of the opening chapter of Book Four? How does it help us understand the Dodsons and the Tullivers?
A Variation of Protestantism Unknown to Bossuet
Journeying down the Rhone on a summer's day, you have perhaps felt the
sunshine made dreary by those ruined villages which stud the banks in
certain parts of its course, telling how the swift river once rose,
like an angry, destroying god, sweeping down the feeble generations
whose breath is in their nostrils, and making their thought, between
the effect produced on us by these dismal remnants of commonplace
houses, which in their best days were but the sign of a sordid life,
belonging in all its details to our own vulgar era, and the effect
produced by those ruins on the castled Rhine, which have crumbled and
mellowed into such harmony with the green and rocky steeps that they
seem to have a natural fitness, like the mountain-pine; nay, even in
the day when they were built they must have had this fitness, as if
they had been raised by an earth-born race, who had inherited from
their mighty parent a sublime instinct of form. And that was a day of
romance; If those robber-barons were somewhat grim and drunken ogres,
they had a certain grandeur of the wild beast in them,--they were
Rhone= is a river between Switzerland and France. On the banks of the river , there are ruined villages. It is ugly.
Rhine= is also a river. Around the river, there is a castle. It is a better river and better place than the Rhone.
Sublime= something really high. Human being should aspire to be sublime= السمو
Eliot compares between the two rivers as at the end will compare between the two families.
The two families are from the same category. They are Victorian people- Victorian families. The two families are compared to the first river Rhone= ugly- narrow . The narrators remembers the Dodson and the Tulliver by the rivers. They are narrow minded= oppressive minded= they are not only narrow minded but also oppressive.
This how the Victorian were viewed- like the river Rhone.
The second mood of life could be related to the castle ruins on the river Rhine. It consists of lines from the past that are colorful, sublime and grandeur- a time of beautiful good and extreme evil.
It is not the Tulivers, not the Dodsons, not the Victorian society.
What George Eliot wants to criticize is that the protestant religion of the Tulliver is basically prosaic= not for exercise- it is only written on papers . It is not solid.ركيك. It is all about the culture, all about the society not about the religion. They do not act it.
The Dodsons care about their way of life. The Tulliver are described as imprudent- متهور. All of them react immediately. Religion to them is not something that they really practice. So, they do not go to the high level of the sublime. So, they belong to the first mood of life- like the river Rhone-
The Dodson also belong to the first mood. There is no sublime principles, no romantic vision, no self-renouncing- the thing Maggie wanted to do.
"The oppressive narrowness" this is what Eliot described the both family. She is actually describing the Victorian society. They are narrow minded and at the same time oppressive. All the society has to practice the same rules.
The Tullivers by contrast is not a self serving family. Eliot describes them as having element of imprudent. They can not be rational.
Eliot emphasizes the dullness of the Tulliver and the Dodsons- just like the Rhone- it is dull. The banks of the river are filled with ruins. There is nothing alive. Everything is dull- like the Victorian society.
The Rhine is different. There are castles- emperors- people who are sublime.
2. How is Chapter 3 significant in helping us understand the evolution of Maggie's character? Why is her new approach to dealing with her emotions by suppressing them ultimately doomed to fail?
Maggie has changed. Everything has changed. The circumstances are sad. The father is sick. He is now becoming ill-tempered, a miser. He does not give them money. he quarrels with the mother. It is a very sad environment in the house. Maggie decides to go to read some books. even when she tries to read, she thinks of the bad situation she is in. at that time, she feels very selfish as thinking of herself. At that time, Bob Jakin comes in and he gives her a book entitled "Thomas A kempis " it is a religious book. The book tells that one must deny himself and deny the earthly pleasure for Heaven الزهد فى الدنيا . It happens a change in her. she decides to deny herself and the earthly pleasure for heaven, to sacrifice herself, to achieve self-denial, self- renouncement. She did that very well. She is an extremist , she loves and hates deeply. She will be totally in self-denial, totally emotional.
She is hungry for attention, to be recognized. She will never succeed in self-denial habit- this extremist way of thinking. It is Philip who tells her the reality. He wants to see her, but she refuses as she has to obey Tom's wishes. She tells him that she decides to deny herself. he starts to question her. He tries to convince her. She is convinced by Philip's thought. She goes to see him. This means that she does not abide by Thomas à Kempis theory.
The book speaks of renouncing self-love. This is what Maggie wants to do- caring with heaven rather than earth. This is the concept adopted by Maggie when she read " Thomas AKempis" she starts adopting the book's mood of self abnegation over self- love.
Book four contains many metaphors.
The title of book four is- the Valley of Humiliation- it is taken from " Pilgrims Progress"
Within Maggie, there are two opposing force , the force of the others and the force of the self the force of loving the self, the emotional state, her need to be loved by other. These forces represent the society and the self, Tom and herself, Philip and herself, the father's wish and her coming married to Philip. These forces clash in Maggie all the time along the novel.

[LMo0o]

حطيناهن سوا

[لاتغرك ضحكتي]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة lmo0o

حطيناهن سوا

فدييييييييييتكم بس

الله لا يحرمني منكم و من تعاونكم

[iman Literature]

صبايا ،
قصيدة Christabel طويلة جدا ،
وهي على بارتات ، نجيب بس الجزء الاول منها !!

[Diamond brooch]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة iman literature

صبايا ،
قصيدة christabel طويلة جدا ،

وهي على بارتات ، نجيب بس الجزء الاول منها !!

ماعندي فكره ...!!

ارسيلي بالايميل للدكتوره يمكن تجاوبك .:s_45:..!!

[رنومه..]

يعطيكم العآفيه بنآت..

بحاول اجاوب الاسئله من فهمي وبالعربي..
لانو مالقيت النوت اللي كتبتها معها..

1. Discuss the importance of foreshadowing in Chapter 4 of this book. How is it connected to Eliot's use of water imagery?

هذا ماذكر تمام..
بس كنو السؤال يقول ايش الشي اللي يعطي تلميح او انذار عن نهاية الروايه بهالشابتر اعتقد...كانت ماقي تقول انو النهايات السعيد دايم تصير للبنات الجميلات اللي شعرهم اشقر وكيرلي زي التيبكال فكتوريان ومن..
قال فيليب ..انتي غيري واسرقي حبيب بنت خالتك اللي هو ستيفن..
ومن جد هذا اللي صار بنهاية النوفل..

بس سالفة الاماجري واتر ماذكرر والله..


2. Eliot certainly could have had Mr. Tulliver die before seeing his debts paid off. Why is it significant that he lives long enough to see them overcome through Tom's resourcefulness?
هذا السؤال قالت من رأيك استنتاجي..

انو ليه خلت الابو يعيش لين يتسدد الدين مو بعده ..
هي تقول عشان تبين انو مستر توليفر نفسه مستر توليفر مايتغير حتى بعد ماتسدد دينه واموره تمام صارت لسى هو بقلبه حقد على ويكم واول ماشافه بالطريق راح قعد يتهاوش معاه وضربه..
ولين فراش الموت وهو يقول لولده خذ حقي من ويكم..


3. In what sense is Tom successful in upholding the memory of his father, and in what sense is he unsuccessful?
توم نجح بانو حفظ وصية ابوه لمن قاله خذ حقي من ويكم ولاتصير صديق له و رجع الطاحونه..
ومانجح بانو مارعى اخته زي ماقال ابوه..
بانو قاسي عليها.. وماحبها بالطريقه اللي يبيها ابوه..


سوري بنات على الاسلوب..
بس هذا اللي اذكره كتبته ...
اتمنى تستفيدون..

[~ Luna]

مآآقصرررررررررررررررررررررررررتي
أأحلللللللللللى أسلوووووبببب
لو مأنشررررح عربي وعآمي بعد مآفهمنآآآ

[iman Literature]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة Diamond brooch

ماعندي فكره ...!!

ارسيلي بالايميل للدكتوره يمكن تجاوبك .:s_45:..!!

ولاعليكم امر ، ممكن احد يعطيني ايميل الدكتورة ،