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E6 English Literature Students Level six Forum |
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ÃÏæÇÊ ÇáãæÖæÚ |
2014- 12- 3 | #21 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÝÜÚøÜÇá
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
ãÚáíÔ ÓÄÇáí ÚÑÖí áßä ÇäÇ ãÓÏæÏå äÝÓí ãä ßá ÇáãÍÊæíÇÊ
ÇíÔ ÇáãÍÊæì Çáí íÝÊÍ ÇáäÝÓ æÐÇßÑÊæ ãäå ÇßÑå ÇááÎÈØå æãæ ÚÇÑÝå ÇÈÏÇ ÝíåÇ íÇáíÊ ÊÝíÏæäí |
2014- 12- 3 | #22 |
ãÊãíÒ ÈÇáãÓÊæì E8
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
ãÇ Ýíå áÎÈØÉ Çä ÔÇÁÇááå ÈÇáÚßÓ ÇáäÝÓ ãÝÊæÍÉ ááãÐÇßÑÉ ãÚ ÇáÇÌæÇÁ ÇáÍáæÉ æíãßä ÇäÊí ÇÍÓä ãä Çáí íÏÇæã æÞÑæÔÉÚãá æÎáíß ãÊÝÇÆáÉ æÇÈÏÆí ãä ÇáÇä æÈÇáäÓÈÉ áÇÓÊÝÓÇÑß :- 1-ÇáÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ ßá ÇáãÍÇÖÑÇÊ åäÇ æãßÊãáÉ 2-ÇááÛæíÇÊ ÇáÊØÈíÞíÉ ãßÊãáÉ æáåÇ ãæÖæÚ ááÇÎ ÊÑæß 3-äÙÑíÉÇáãÚÑÝÉ ãÇ ÊÛíÑÊ ááÊÑã ÇáÓÇÈÞ 4-ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÎáíÌ ÇáÚÑÈí ãÇ ÊÛíÑ 5-ÇáÔÚÑ ÇáÇäÌáíÒí ÚÕÑ ÇáÑæã ãÇÊÛíÑ 6-ÇáäÍæ æÇáÕÑÝ ãßÊãá ÚÏÇ ÇáãÍÇÖÑÉ 14(ãÇ äÒáÊ ßÈæÑ ÈæíäÊ Ýí ÇáÇÝÊÑÇÖí Çæ ÇáÈáÇß ÈæÑÏ )æáå ãæÖæÚ ááÇÎ ßÑíã 7-Úáã ÇáãÚÇäí æÇáÈÑÇÛãÇÊíß ãÇ ÊÛíÑÊ 8-ÊÑÌãÉ ÇáÇäãÇØ ÇáäÕíÉ ãÇ ÊÛíÑÊ |
2014- 12- 3 | #23 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÃáÜãÜÇÓÜí
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
íÇáíÊ ÇÍÏ íÌÇÇÇæÈ ÚáÔÇä äßæä Úáì ÈíäÉ
ÇáãÇÏÉ ÏÇÎáÉ Úáì ÈÚÖåÇ |
2014- 12- 3 | #24 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÃáÜãÜÇÓÜí
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
íÇáíÊ ÊÍØæä áäÇ ÇÓÆáÉ ÇáãÑÇÇÇÌÚå ÚáÔÇä äßæä Úáì æÖæÍ
äÈí ÇÓÆáÉ ãÑÇÌÚå ÔÇÇãáÉ ÊØÇÈÞ ãäåÌäÇ æÇÌÇÈÇÊåÇ ÕÍíÍÉ ÇäÊÙÑßã ÈÇÑß Çááå Ýíßã |
2014- 12- 3 | #25 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
Åä ÔÇÁ Çááå ÑÈí ÈíÓåá æÇáÃÎæÇä åäÇ ãÇÞÕÑæÇ Çááå íÚØíß ÇáÚÇÝíå ÃÈæÎÇáÏ æÓÇÑå æÇáÌãíÚ ÊÝÇÇÇÇÇÆáæÇ |
2014- 12- 3 | #26 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÃáÜãÜÇÓÜí
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
áæ Ýí ÌÏæá ÈÇáÊæÇÑíÎ ááßÊÇÈ æÇáãÄáÝíä æÇáÑæÇÆííä æÇÚãÇáåã æÊÇÑíÎåÇ ÑÇÍ íÓåá ÇáÍÝÙ æíÎÊÕÑ ÇáæææÞÊ Úáì ÇáÌãíÚ
Çááí ÚäÏå íÍØå áäÇ ÈÇÓÑÚ æææÞÊ |
2014- 12- 3 | #27 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÃáÜãÜÇÓÜí
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
Çááí ÚäÏå ÇÓÆáÉ ÇÎÊÈÇÑ ÇáÚÇã íÍØåÇ
æÇááí ÚäÏÉ ÇÓÆáÉ ãÑÇÌÚå ÔÇãáÉ íÍØåÇ äÈí ÌÏæá ÈÚÏ íÓåá áäÇ ÇáÍÝÙ ÊÚÇæäæÇ ãÇÚÇÏ ÈÉ ææÞÊ ßÇÇÝí |
2014- 12- 3 | #28 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÝÜÚøÜÇá
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
Çááå íÚØíß ÇáÚÇÝíå
ÇÎ ÇÈæ ÎÇáÏ ãÇÞÕÑÊ Çä ÔÇÁ Çááå ÇÈÏÇ ÈÇáÑæÇíå Çáíæã Çááå íæÝÞäÇ ÌãíÚÇ |
2014- 12- 3 | #29 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ãÜÔÜÇÑß
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
ÇÍäÇ äÊÚÇæä ãÚ ÈÚÖ
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2014- 12- 4 | #30 |
ÃßÜÇÏíÜãÜí ÝÜÚøÜÇá
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ÑÏ: ãÐÇßÑÉ ÌãÇÚíÉ ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ
åÇÐí ÇáÌÒÆíÉ ÐÇßÑÊåÇ ÈäÝÓí ãä ÇáãÍÇÖÑå ÇáÇæáì
ÎÕæÕÇ ÇÓãÇÁ ÇáßÊÇÈ æÇáÑæÇíÇÊ ßÇä áÇÒã ÇÞÑÇåã ÈÇáÚÑÈí Genre: Fiction and Narrative Style: Prose Length: Extended Purpose: Mimesis or Verisimilitude ÇáäæÚ : ÎíÇáí ÞÕÕí ÇáÃÓáæÈ : ÇáäËÑ ÇáØæá : ããÊÏ Ãæ æÇÓÚ ÇáÛÑÖ : ÇáÊäßÑ Ãæ ÔíÁ ãÍÊãá ÕÏÞå “The Novel is a picture of real life and manners, and of the time in which it is written. The Romance, in lofty and elevated language, describes what never happened nor is likely to happen.” Clara Reeve, The Progress of Romance, 1785 " ÇáÑæÇíÉ ÕæÑÉ ãä ÇáÍíÇå æÇáÇÓÇáíÈ ÇáæÇÞÚíå ¡ æÇáæÞÊ ÇáÐí ßÊÈÊ Ýíå . æÇáÑæãÇäÓíå Ýí ÇááÛå ÇáäÈíáå æÇáÑÝíÚå æíÕÝ ãÇáã íÍÏË ÃÈÏÇ æáÇíãßä Çä íÍÏË . ßáÇÑÇ ÑíÝ . ÊÞÏã ÇáÑæãÇäÓíå 1785 .. Verisimilitude ÔíÁ ãÍÊãá ÊÕÏíÞå Refers to the illusion that the novel is a representation of real life. Verisimilitude results from : - a correspondence between the world presented in the novel and the real world of the reader. Recognizable settings and characters in real time. - -what Hazlitt calls, “ the close imitation of men and manners… the very texture of society as it really exists.” - The novel emerged when authors fused adventure and romance with verisimilitude and heroes that were not supermen but ordinary people, often, insignificant nobodies íÔíÑ Åáì Çáæåã ¡ Ðáß ÈÃä ÇáÑæÇíÉ ÊãËá Çæ ÊÚÑÖ ãä æÇÞÚ ÇáÍíÇå .. äÊÇÆÌ ÔíÁ ãÍÊãá : - ÇáÊæÇÝÞ Èíä ÇáÚÇáã ÇáãÚÑæÖ Ýí ÇáÑæÇíÉ æÇáÚÇáã ÇáÍÞíÞí ááÞÇÑÆ . - ÇáÅÚÏÇÏÇÊ æÇáÔÎÕíÇÊ ÇáããíÒå ÇáãÊÚÑÝ ÚáíåÇ Ýí ÇáæÞÊ ÇáÍÞíÞí . - ãÇíÏÚì Hazlitt : ãõÍÇßÇÉ ÞÑíÈå ãä ÇáÑÌÇá æÇáÂÏÇÈ .. æÇáãáãæÓ ÌÏÇ ãä ÇáãÌÊãÚ ßãÇ åæ ãæÌæÏ ÍÞÇ - ÙåÑÊ ÇáÑæÇíÉ ÚäÏãÇ ÏãÌ ÇáãÄáÝíä ÇáãÛÇãÑå æÇáÑæãÇäÓíå æÇáÃÔíÇÁ ÇáãÍÊãáå æÇáÃÈØÇá ÇáÐí áã íßæäæÇ ÓæÈÑãÇä æáßä ßÇäæ ÃäÇÓ ÚÇÏííä ¡ æÛÇáÈÇ ÇáäßÑÇÊ ÇáÊÇÝåå . Precursors to the Novel ÑæÇÏ ÇáÑæÇíÉ ... Heroic Epics ÇáãáÇÍã ÇáÈØæáíå : Gilgamesh ÌáÌãÇÔ , Homer’s Iliad and OdysseyÅáíÇÐÉ åæãíÑÓ æÇáÇæÏíÓå, Virgil’s AeneidÅíäííÏ ÝíÑÌá, BeowulfÈííæáæÝ , The Song of RolandäÔíÏ ÑæáÇäÏ Ancient Greek and Roman Romances and Novels ÇááÛå ÇáíæäÇäíå æÇáÑæãÇäÓíÇÊ ÇáÑæãÇäíå æÇáÑæÇíÇÊ An Ephesian Tale and Chaereas and Callirhoe, Petronius’ÈæÊÑíäæÓ Satyricon ÓÇÊíÑßæä, Apuleius’sÇÈæáæíÓ The Golden Ass ÇáÍãÇÑ ÇáÐåÈí Oriental Tales ÇáÍßÇíÇÊ ÇáÔÑÞíå A Thousand and One Nights ÃáÝ áíáå æáíáå Medieval European Romances:ÇáÑæãÇäÓíÇÊ ÇáÇæÑÈíå ãä ÇáÞÑæä ÇáæÓØì Arthurian tales culminating in Thomas Malory’s Morte Darthur ÍßÇíÇÊ Çáãáß ÂÑËÑ æÈáÛÊ ÐÑæÊåÇ Ýí ÊæãÇáÓ ãÇáæÑÓ á ãæÑÊí ÏÇÑËæÑ Elizabethan Prose Fiction: ÇáäËÑ ÇáÎíÇáí ÇáÅáíÒÇÈíËí Gascoigne’s The Adventure of Master F. JÛÇÓæßíä Ýí ãÛÇãÑÉ ãÇÓÊÑ , Robert Greene’s Pandosto: The Triumph of TimeÑæÈÑÊ ÛÑíä ÇäÊÕÇÑ ÇáæÞÊ, Thomas Nashe’s The Unfortunate TravellerÊæãÇÓ äÇÔ : ÇáãÓÇÝÑ ÇáÓíÆ, Deloney’s Jack of Newbury Ïíáæäí ÌÇß ãä äíæÑÈí Travel Adventures:ãÛÇãÑÇÊ ÓÝÑ Marco PoloãÇÑæßæ ÈÇæáæ , Ibn BatutaÇÈä ÈØæØå, More’s UtopiahÇáãÒíÏ ãä íæÊÈíÇ, Swift’s Gulliver’s TravelsÓæíÝÊ ÌÇáíÝÑ íÓÇÝÑ , Voltaire’s Candide ßÇäÏíÏ ÝæáÊííÑ Novelle: Boccaccio’s DecameronÈæßÇÊÔíæ ÏíßÇãÑæíä, Margurerite de Navarre’s Heptameron Moral Tales: ÇáÍßÇíÇÊ ÇáÇÎáÇÞíå Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progess, Johnson’s Rasselas The First Novels ÃáÑæÇíÇÊ ÇáÃæáì Don Quixote (Spain, 1605-15) by Miguel de Cervantes Ïæä ßíÔæÊ – ãíÛíá Ïí ÓíÑÝÇäÊÓ The Princess of Cleves (France, 1678) by Madame de Lafayette ÃãíÑÉ ßáíÝ ÇáÐí ßÊÈåÇ ãÏÇã Ïí áÇÝííÇÊ Robinson Crusoe (England, 1719)ÑæÈäÓæä ßÑæÒ , Moll Flanders (1722)ãæá ÝáÇäÏÑÒ and A Journal of the Plague Year (1722) by Daniel DeFoe ãÌáÉ ÓäÉ ÇáØÇÚæä ãä ÞÈá ÏÇäííÇá ÏíÝæ Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded (England, 1740-1742) by Samuel Richardson ÈÇãíáÇ Çæ ÌÒÇÁ ÇáÝÖíáå ãä ÞÈá ÕÇãæÆíá ÑíÊÔÑÏÇÓæä Joseph Andrews (England, 1742) and Tom Jones (1746) by Henry Fielding ÌæÒíÝ ÇäÏÑæÓ æÊæã ÌæäÒ ãä ÞÈá åäÑí ÝíáÏíäÛ Types of Novels Picaresque ÊÔÑÏí Regional ÅÞáíãí Epistolary ÑÓÇÆáí Social ÅÌÊãÇÚí Sentimental ÚÇØÝí Mystery ÛÇãÖ Gothic ÇáÞæØí Science Fiction ÃáÎíÇá ÇáÚáãí Historical Magical Realism æÇÞÚíå ÓÍÑíå ÊÇÑíÎíå Psychological äÝÓí Realistic/Naturalistic æÇÞÚí ØÈíÚí |
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[ ÇáæÇÌÈÇÊ ] : ããßä Íá ÇáæÇÌÈ ÇáËÇáË ááÑæÇíÉ ÇáÍÏíËÉ | ÓãÓæææãå | E6 | 2 | 2014- 11- 29 10:54 AM |
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