[ اللغة الانجليزية ] : third year english student second term

[M.A.S]

بنات بتول ما عطتنا اسئله للمسرحيه الاولى صح؟
يا ليتنا سألناها

لأن الهاند اوت ما فيها ولا شييي عن - how is the play classical
أحد كاتب معها شي عنه؟

فيه عن السيمبولز - المودرن بلاي - الفيلوسفرز - الـ Impressionism -الـ ويل ميد بلاي
بس الـ كلاسيكال مافيه!

شرحتها بتول والا لا ؟!

[Neeno]

بنااااات وصلت دراما ٨

شوي وأنزلها

[Neeno]

DRAMA
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * LECTURE EIGYHT
Last time we said that this is a problem play and the characters are portrayed with depth, psychological realism in the play , meaning that we can apply the theories of Sigmund Freud on this play , you may have a question in the exam about Sigmund Freud and psychological realism in the play .
Lets concentrate on Viktor Shklovsky because he is the one who discussed the idea of defamiliarization= مفهوم كسر الاعتياد and this critic has influenced the writings of modern playwrights like Pinero.
Pinero used this concept of defamiliarization by defamiliarizing the real by inserting few French words in the English text.
Aubrey is the protagonist of the play , he is 43 years old. 2 friends visited him Misquith and Jayne and they are waiting for , Cayley Drummle and we said that Morse is the servant.
You might have another question in the exam, what are the nontraditional elements in the play ???
1.We have several lines about stage direction given by the playwright were he describes the movements or the actions of the characters, their facial expressions and their feelings, which was not there in traditional drama not in the 16th-17th-18th c it appears in the beginning of the modern movement in the beginning of the 19th c.
2. Viktor Shklovsky and his concept of defamiliarization تستخرجون أمثلة لكلمات فرنسية من المسرحية *
We have Aubrey in his house which is called the Albany, taking to 2 of his friends Misquith and Jayne and they talk about their old friendship that goes 15 years back.
Misquith here on page 5:
Misquith.
Aubrey, it is a pleasant yet dreadful fact to con-
template, but it's nearly fifteen years since I first
dined with you. You lodged in Piccadilly in those
days, over a hat-shop. Jayne, I met you at that
dinner, and Cayley Drummle.
p.6:
Aubrey.
Then you two shall hear it. Doctor, Frank, this
is the last time we are to meet in these rooms.
Aubrey shocks his friends that this is the last time they meet as friends , Aubrey says you know I have another house in surrey in the English countryside , so he tells his friends that he will go and live there and they tell him that it is an isolated place , if you go and live there you will kill yourself with loneliness, so he says I will not go alone tomorrow I will marry somebody and I will go with her to live in surrey , and they are shocked again that he will get married the very second day .
Aubrey.
Look here ; I dare say you two old friends think
this treatment very strange, very unkind. So 1 want
you to understand me. You know a marriage often
cools friendships. What's the usual course of
things? A man's engagement is given out, he is
congratulated, complimented upon his choice : the
church is filled with troops of friends, and he goes
away happily to a chorus of good wishes. He
comes back, sets up house in town or country, and
thinks to resume the old associations, the old com-
panionships. My dear Frank, my dear good doctor,
it's very seldom that it can be done. Generally,
a worm has begun to eat its way into those hearty,
unreserved, pre-nuptial friendships ; a damnable con-
straint sets in and acts like a wasting disease : and
so, believe me, in nine cases out of ten a man's
marriage severs for him more close ties than it
forms.
You know a marriage often
cools friendships. = this is very realistic الزواج يجعل الصداقة فاترة when people get married they have no time for friends, and the partner takes the part of the friend , it is known that Pinero is a realistic writer but we also know that he is influenced by Henrik Ibsen, so he is realistic but *he employs some experimental techniques in his works , but mainly he is a realistic writer so if *you have a question on realism , you could mention the wise sayings or epigrams mentioned by the characters every now and then.
" My marriage is not even the conventional sort
of marriage likely to satisfy society.'"
He knows that his marriage will not satisfy the society .
Aubrey. *
I know what you're going to say, Frank. I hope
so, too. in the meantime let's face dangers. I've
reminded you of the usual course of things, but my
marriage isn't even the conventional sort of mar-
riage likely to satisfy society. Now, Cayley's a
bachelor, but you two men have wives. By-the-bye,
my love to Mrs. Misquith and to Mrs. Jayne when
you get home — don't forget that. Well, your
wives may not — like — the lady I'm going to-
marry.
*
Your wives may not like the woman I am going to marry , he says things without explaining and his friends do not know what is going on , this is mysterious= this is a modern element, the playwright employs mystery at the very beginning of the play Aubrey talks mysteriously about his marriage, *shocks his friends when he told them that he is going to marry somebody the next day , he does not mention the name of his bride , but he keeps saying things that are not understood by them , he says if they do not stop their friendship , they will suffer and their friendship will bleed, and problems may happen between their families so it's better that their friendship stops.
p. 7 in her edition:
Aubrey.
Quite so ; then I must go the way my wife goes.
He tries to do anything for the sake of his wife even sacrificing his friends.
p.8…Aubrey excuses himself from his friends and he says that he has to write some letters and notes because he is getting married the next day and he is leaving the house , so he goes to write his letters and his 2 friends are talking together , we will learn something from their speech , the 2 friends are Jayne and Misquith and they do not know why Aubrey wants to be strange or alienated, and they think of him that his marriage will not satisfy the society ,so Jayne thinks that Aubrey is having an unmatchable marriage and he does not want to tell us and they think believing that he might marry a dairy made or a shop girl, what does this show about Jayne???
Jayne is a classist he despises people of the lower class , in the 19th c the industrial revolution created a society of capitalists , people are devided into either rich or poor , the poor envy the rich and the upper class despise the upper class because there is a wide gap between booth of them.
The 3rd friend appears = Drummle he comes , he is talkative and humorous, he tells stories , he told them that he went to visit the friend of his mother Lady Orreyed, and she told him that her son George Orreyed had married a prostitute called Mabel Hervey and she says that he does not know how this happened or how George accepted to marry a prostitute , she is a common girl , she is every bodies property.
In Ben Jonson's play The Alchemist there was also a common girl in that play = prostitute .
So they are making fun of the prostitute , what do we call them???
They are typical Victorian characters, they have harsh judgments on people , for them people are either good or bad , black and white, they are narrow minded ,like Margret in lady Windermere's fan , both plays were written in the Victorian period , they have the same theme : Victorianism versus anti-Victorianism, the friends are typical Victorian characters they do not sympathies with a fallen woman, even when she repents they do not forgive her, god forgives the prostitute who repents , but the Victorians do not forgive .
Aubrey is an anti-Victorian character he sympathizes with the fallen woman, Aubrey from p. 9-10 says a comment:
none of us really know anything about this lady,
our gay young friend here, I suspect, least of all.
He knows that sometimes girls are very poor , they need food to live and money to pay the rent, they do not have anything, they are obliged to work as prostitutes , they do not choose their position but their circumstances put them in that situation , so he is sympathizing with Mabel Hervey he does not make fun of her like others , he thinks of her as a human being he is a socialist .
Socialism has noble principles , but when applied the leaders become tyrantsعمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه was a good socialist he does not make money out of being a leader , however ,not all leaders are like Omar Bin Al-Khttap ,social leaders are mostly bad and they turn into thieves مثل حسني مبارك
Aubrey is a socialist character, he is not in high position he is living a normal life, he believes that all people are equal , he does not despises the prostitute Mable Hervey , like Karl Marks *he believes that having a classless society is a good idea , then Jayne tells Drummle, Aubrey's story , he tells him let me tell his story , he is going to marry the following day so he is shocked, and then he tells him that he wants to teas our friendship, he wants to be strange from us , of course it is a big shock for Drummle to hear that, let's say that Aubrey's friends and the audience are kept in suspense.
p. 11: Jayne and Misquith are talking together and Drummle says a French word L'age critique ! = the critical age 40-50 in men , he believes that men maybe stoic or lusty يا زاهدين في الحريم أو شهوانيين = مراهقة متأخرة
p.12:
Drummle.
All right. "lAnxiously.] Deuce take it, the man's
second marriage mustn't be another mistake !
this is an epigram or wise saying , always the 1st marriage one is rash he might regret his decision , but the second one there is choice , this is part of the technique the writer likes to use epigrams , like Oscar wild , that’s why you can compare the 2 plays together .
Jayne.
You knew him in his short married life, Cayley.
Terribly unsatisfactory, wasn't it ?
We know now that Aubrey is writing the letters leaving the 2 friends Jayne and Drummle taking together, Drummle says that *the 1st *Mrs. Tanquery was not a good choice for Aubrey , so he says that 20 years ago Aubrey married a lady Herriot and she becomes the 1st Mrs. Tanquery , she was a beautiful roman catholic, and Drummle says she was beautiful and very cold like an iceberg, when Aubrey married her he thought that she might thaw but she did not and Aubrey suffered with her , he had a very bad marriage , they had a baby girl called Elena *, and she was not happy with Aubrey because he is not religious and she is very religious , so she was afraid of Aubrey's bad influence because he is not religious on her daughter , so at a very young age she put her daughter in a convent get religious education , after a few months she was dieing and she took an oath from her husband to leave Elena in the convent and to be away from her and he agreed.
Elena now is 19 years old , she is devoted to religion like her mother and she will take her final vows soon , she will either become a nun or she comes back to life , her father Aubrey is worried for her , he wishes that she changes her opinion at the last moment and come to life he do not want her to become to life .
Aubrey's friends are leaving, they are very sad to end their friendship , and Drummle stays with him , he is worried about him , he needs to talk with him in private so he stays , he blames him for marrying in the dark and he blames him for choosing a lady from not the society, he is afraid that an artful woman had laughed on Aubrey in his critical age and he will marry her without reason.
Drummle is a typical Victorian character , he is classist , he does not want his friend to marry somebody not from society, Aubrey has nothing to say but to disclose his secret , he tells Drummle that the lady he is going to marry is Mrs. Jarman. Drummle is shocked , he says that he knows her and he has seen her with Mr. Ethurst and her name at that time was Mrs. Dartry.
Which means that she should be married to Mr. Dartry but she is staying with Mr. Ethurst and then later he saw her with someone called peter Jarman and her name now is Mrs. Jarman , 3 men??!!! He wants to tell him that he saw her with many men and Aubrey says I know and he shocks Drummle when he tells him that she is not even married in the first place , all these men with no marriage, he tells him that her name is Miss Paula Ray and the last name she had was Mrs. Jarman.
Drummle realizes that he has hurt the feelings of his friend , when he laughed at Mable Harvey the prostitute , so Drummle apologizes to his friend Aubrey because it is the same case , he marries a prostitute who repented.
Drummle is a typical Victorian character , it is hard for him to forgive a lady with a past , but Aubrey is humanitarian , like Augustus in the first play, he will marry her not for lust but because he loves her and he insists on starting anew chapter of his life with her, Drummle at the end gets impressed with what Aubrey has said and he apologizes to Drummle for being harsh , he assures Aubrey that he will not leave him and he will respect his wife , the second Mrs. Tanquery, Drummle says in the future he will visit him and pays his respect to the second Mrs. Tanquery and he will not remember anything of her past , of course Drummle had met her before , there was a relationship between Drummle and the second Mrs. Tanquery before , they met before at Mrs. first and the other at Mr. Jarman , they have an old relationship when she was a prostitute .
He justifies his attitude on p. 17:
Aubrey.
You mean you compare Lady Orreyed with Miss
Ray ? [Drummle is si/e/if.'\ Oh, of course ! To
you, Cayle}', all women who have been roughly
treated, and who dare to survive by borrowing a
little of our philosophy, are alike. You see in the
crowd of the ill-used only one pattern ; you can't
detect the shades of goodness, intelligence, even
nobility there. Well, how should you ? The crowd
is dimly lighted ! And, besides, yours is the way
of the world.
Here Aubrey is taking to Drummle he says this is the way of Victorian men , the way they think yours is the way of the world.
Drummle.
My dear Aubrey, I /hr in the world.
Aubrey.
The name we give our little parish of St. James's.
Drummle.
[^Laying a hand on Aubrey's shoulder.'] And you
are quite prepared, my friend, to forfeit the esteem
of your little parish ?
1 avoid mortification by shifting from one parish
to another. I give up Pall Mall for the Surrey-
hills ; leave off varnishing my boots, and double the
thickness of the soles.
He always shifts from one small church to the other so no one will notice them because as a prostitute she is well known هومكسوف منها = منحرج he blushes for her because she was a prostitute but here it is difficult for him to marry her and take her to church , the people in the church will be looking because they know her past , it is very hard on him , the best thing for him is to take her to the country side and to live there with her isolated .
Drummle.
And your skin — do you double the thickness of
that also ?
Aubrey.
I know you think me a fool, Cayley — you needn't
infer that I'm a coward into the bargain. No ! i
know what I'm doing, and I do il deliberately,
defiantly. I'm alone : I injure no living soul by the
step I'm going to take; and so you can't urge the
one argument which might restrain me. Of course,
1 don't expect you to think compassionately, fairly
even, of the woman whom I — whom I am drawn
to —
defiantly= he will challenge the Victorian society and he do not want anyone to do like him , he knows that the society will blame him for what he has done and he is ready for that .
Aubrey.
I am neither. I have a temperate, honorable
affection for Mrs. Jarman. She has never met a
man who has treated her well — I intend to treat
her well. That's all. And in a few years, Cayley,
if you've not quite forsaken me, I'll prove to you
that it's possible to rear a life of happiness, of good
repute, on a — miserable foundation.
He says I am neither stoic or lusty , I will marry Mrs. Jarman because I love her and I will treat her well.
p.18:
Drummle.
[Flitting on a neck-handkerchief.] .And remember
that, after all, I'm merely a spectator in life : noth-
ing more than a man at a play, in fact : only, like
the old-fashioned playgoer. I love to see certain
characters happy and comfortable at the finish.
"V ou understand ?
What is this???? This is a metatheatrical technique *Pinero experiments with the metatheatrical technique *, which is a nontraditional technique = modern element , the audience sober and they realize that they are watching a play so this is against the Aristotelian concept of dramatic allusion .
Morse enters and tells Aubrey in a low tone that Mrs. Jarman has arrived , now it is 12 midnight , he says that he let her go to the bed room upstairs and then Aubrey is angry he does not want to show Drummle that she is here he does not want him to meet her at this time , Drummle felt that his friend is embarrassed , he heard the slamming of the door he knew that someone came but he saw Aubrey get confused so he leaves.
Morse left some letters for Aubrey and tells him that the waiter and the cook has left and he asks him if he wants him to go to sleep, that hints that Morse knows that Aubrey likes Mrs. Jarman and he likes her to spend the night with him , but Aubrey gets angry and tells Morse not to sleep, and he goes to see Mrs. Jarman, what does this mean ???
It means that Aubrey is a conservative person , he cares about morality , at that time few Christian families were conservatives, he is not religious but he is conservative.
Aubrey goes to Paula, he is afraid that Morse might think something bad of her because she came around midnight to his house so he expresses his worries from Morse's thoughts about them. So what is the reply of Paula??? She is surprised that Aubrey thinks of Morse and she tells him at p.19:
Paula.
Do you trouble yourself about wh^t servants
think
Aubrey.
Of course.
Paula.
Goose! They're only machines made to wait upon
people — and to give evidence in the Divorce Court.
\_I.floking rouiid.^ Oh, indeed ! A snug little dinner !
She does not think of servants as humans they are machines to her , she is arrogant she is in-humanitarian , she is classist , she is happy to marry Aubrey to belong to the upper class she will be un upstart , she despises the people of the lower class whom she used to belong to, and she thinks like the capitalists , for her the working men are machines .
Paula says that her cook did not prepare dinner for her so she says she was sitting alone in the dining room and there she had a dream انتبهوا للدريمز *I told you the play is influenced by Sigmund Freud, you can have a question about Sigmund Freud, you will find several dreams in the play and this is the first one.
What is the dream of Paula ???
She says that she dreamt that she and Aubrey after 5 years of marriage hosted classy men and women , she wants to attract them but they were not attracted towards her physical beauty , she is upset and she wakes up from the dream shivering, according to Freud the dream reflects the unconscious self, this means that she is not sure that Aubrey will really marry her , she is scared to death less Aubrey should change his mind in the last moment. Paula is a naturalist hedonist , she cares for physical beauty more than spiritual beauty, it seems that she marries Aubrey for materialistic reasons, she wants to feel secure and respected in society , for her Aubrey is her savior , she is 27 years old and he is 43 , he accepts to marry her where no one in the 19th c marry a prostitute , they sleep with her but do not marry her , he is the only one who gave her the chance of marriage.
She is talking and she mentions the dream and Aubrey gives her feedback what does this mean???
He is playing the role of the psychoanalyst, and she is a psycho patient, this is the influence of Sigmund Freud. She has inner conflict, she expresses her conflict ,her fears, fantasies and dreams ,and he tries to comfort her please read p. 20 , she writes him a letter with all her past affairs and adventures and he tells her that he knows most of them , she tells him that because you accepted to marry me you must know everything about me in case you might change your mind about marrying me, he says I am not going to read it , I will burn it and she asks him if he feels ashamed to take her to church.
Aubrey assures Paula that he will marry her and he is not ashamed of taking her to church , she says that she loves Aubrey very much and if he leaves her she might kill herself .
P:21
Aubrey. *
What would you have done when we parted ?
Paula.
Why, killed myself.
Aubrey.
Paula, dear
Paula.
It's true. \^Putting the /lower in /its hnttflnhflle.~\
Do yoii know. I feel certain I should make away
with myself if anything serious happened to me.
p.22: Paula keeps talking about her feelings= this is the influence of Sigmund Freud.
Aubrey.
Anything serious ! What, has nothing ever been
serious to you, Paula?
Paula.
Not lately ; not since a long while ago. t made
up my mind then to have done with taking things
seriously. Tf I hadn't, I — However, wc won't
talk about that.
Aubrey.
But now, now. life will be different to you, won't
it — quite different ? Eh, dear ?
Paula.
Oh, yes, now. Only, Aubrey, mind you keep me
always happy.
Aubrey.
I will try to.
Paula.
T know 1 couldn't swallow a second big dose of
misery. I know that if ever 1 felt wretched again
truly wretched — I should takt^ a leaf out of
Connie Tirlemont's book. Vou remember ? 'I'hejr
found her— [ //'//// a look of horror. \
she is pessimistic , she thinks of killing herself if Aubrey leaves her Connie Tirlemont's book= a book about death, this is the influence of Arthur Schopenhauer the naturalist .
Aubrey.
For Gods sake, don't let your thoughts run on
such things !
Paula.
\_Laug/!i/ig.'] Ha, ha. how scared you look!
There, think of the time ! Dearest, what will my
coachman say ? My cloak !
\^S/ic runs ojf, gaily, by the upper door.
Aubrey looks after her for a moment, then
he walks up to the fire and stands warming
his feet at the bars. As he does so he
raises his head and observes the letters
upon the mantelpiece. He takes one
dorim quickly.
Aubrey.
xA.h ! Ellean ! [^Opening the letter and reading?^
" My dear father, — A great change has come over
me. I believe my mother in Heaven has spoken to
me, and counselled me to turn to you in your lone-
liness. At any rate, your words have reached my
heart, and I no longer feel fitted for this solemn life,
r am ready to take my place by you. Dear father,
will you receive me? — Ellean.'"
I believe my mother in Heaven has spoken to *= she dreamt of her mother = influence of Sigmund Freud, his daughter changed her mind and decides to come to life = marry and live a normal life , her father Aubrey is shocked , because he was alone he did not expect to receive Ellean and make her live with Paula, Paula was a previous prostitute and Ellean is a very *
Religious girl, so it is very hard to put them together in one house , Paula tells him you could have waited until I leave to read your letter , she is not happy that he is being busy while she is with him and then she leaves , then the curtains fall and of course having the curtains fall after every act is a traditional device.
Modern elements:
1. Stage direction
2. Difamiliaraization
3. Mystery
4. Metatheater
5. The effect of Sigmund Freud
This is the end of act one next time we will start act two
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[نــونــه]

وهذي اللي تبيها مرفق ..

دراما 8

[Lost 3]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة نــونــه

وهذي اللي تبيها مرفق ..

دراما 8

لححظه ذي لِـ منى ولا لِـ بتوول !!

[Neeno]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة Lost 3

لححظه ذي لِـ منى ولا لِـ بتوول !!

منى

[شتاء عمري]

والله شكلي مراح استنى حل لاسئله بحل من المحاضررات وادرس

[never give up]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة شتاء عمري

والله شكلي مراح استنى حل لاسئله بحل من المحاضررات وادرس

احسن لك لان المدرسه كلامها كثييييييييييييييييييييييير على الاقل لما تحلينهم بنفسك بيصير حفظهم اسهل

[شتاء عمري]

يب يب الحين حليت modern

[M.A.S]

بنات الحين فيه تفريغ لـ بتول / دراما !
تلخبطو عندي معد أدري هذا تبع مين وهذا تبع مين