[ مذاكرة جماعية ] : موضوع مميز♥ܟܟ♥ ( التجمع النهائي لعلم اللغة النفسي / د.محمد المعيلي - الخميس 21-7-1437 ( فترة اولى من 4.15 الى 6.15) ♥ܟ

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Critical period: linguistic competence of the first language can only be achieved if the language is learnt before puberty

Vocabulary spurt: طفره في المفردات لدى الطفل

Soon after the child leaves the holophrastic stage,
vocabulary acquisition speeds up rapidly
(Pre-school years)

4~8 words everyday




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Children will not acquire language if:
1) It is not accessible in their environment
2)There is nobody to interact with them

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Language lateralization=Contra-lateral control
The left hemisphere of the brain controls the right side of the body, and vice-versa

( the right hemisphere of the brain controls the left side of the body




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People acquire
a mature ability
to converse for the exchange of information
in late childhood

الانسان يكتسب قدرات نااااضجه
ليحادث ويتبادل المعلومات
في اخر مراحل الطفوله

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For the majority of people, language is in the left hemisphere (this is why the majority of people are right-handers)
Some people, however, language is in the right side (left handers)

والدكتور في الشرح قال :
بعض الاشخاص تكون متواجدة اللغة بالجهتين والاشخاص هاذي تكون عندهم مقدرة الكتابة باليمين واليسار




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Bilingual Speakers
people who speak two languages

bilingual modes
When the bilingual’s two languages are being used in the same conversation

unilingual mode
consulting only one of the grammars leads to production in one of the two languages

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fla + sla
متشابهه في مرحلة اكتساب الـــ bound morphemes

ولكن sla محدوده في حاجتين :

Slower pace acquisition اكتساب ببطيء
و

ultimate attainment تحقيق نهائي
كان توقف الدراسه عن الثانويه او الجامعه




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speech organs

(tongue, lungs, vocal tract)

to produce speech

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Building a linguistic structure for the intended meaning Grammatical encoding

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why is it easier for beginning language learners to understand material with subtitles???

BECAUSE........

Knowledge of the phonemic inventory of a language is necessary for perception

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keys للحل والتفريق زي ماوضحها الدكتور

Bottom-up processing
Using the acoustic signal
قال ال b عشانها قريبه من الa

Top-down information:
Using contextual information

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Suprasegmental
Variations in duration, pitch, stress, and amplitude
(loudness)

can affect speech perception


Trustee مقطع صوتي طويل
قصير trusty

فلها تاثير على ادراك الكلام






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Possible non-words are

not found

not violating

Impossible non-words are

not found
violating

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neighborhood density
is
A factor that affects retrieval times for words


كلما زاد الاشتباه الصوتي للكلمات في بوادئها

زاد الوقت لاسترجاعها في العقل





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parsing
is
the mental process of building syntactic structure
out of the linear set of words
during listening to texts

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morpho-syntactic violations = syntactically wrong sentences

جت في building structure
وان ال parser يستجيب لها differently







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filler=move
gap=left

وال parser مسؤول عن تحديد مكان ال gap

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من المحاضرة الأولى

اللي يبي لها تركيز :ـ
Prescriptive vs. descriptive grammar
الفرضيات مقابل القواعد النحوية


Linguistic competence vs. linguistic performance
الكفاءة اللغوية مقابل الأداء اللغوي