ãáÊÞì ØáÇÈ æØÇáÈÇÊ ÌÇãÚÉ Çáãáß ÝíÕá,ÌÇãÚÉ ÇáÏãÇã

ÇáÚæÏÉ   ãáÊÞì ØáÇÈ æØÇáÈÇÊ ÌÇãÚÉ Çáãáß ÝíÕá,ÌÇãÚÉ ÇáÏãÇã > .: ÓÜÇÍÜÉ ÇáÊÚáíã Úä ÈÚÏ (ÇáÇäÊÓÇÈ):. > ãáÊÞì ØáÇÈ ÇáÊÚáíã Úä ÈÚÏ ÌÇãÚÉ Çáãáß ÝíÕá > ßáíÉ ÇáÃÏÇÈ > ÇááÛÉ ÇáÃäÌáíÒíÉ > E6
ÇáÊÓÌíá ÇáßæíÒÇÊÅÖÇÝÉ ßæíÒãæÇÚíÏ ÇáÊÓÌíá ÇáÊÚáíãÜÜÜÇÊ ÇáãÌãæÚÇÊ  

E6 English Literature Students Level six Forum

ãæÖæÚ ãÛáÞ
 
ÃÏæÇÊ ÇáãæÖæÚ
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #61
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
Lightbulb ÔÑÍ

.
.
ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
ÍÈíÊ ÃÓÊÝÓÑ ßíÝ ÇÝÑÞ Èíä
endocentric and exocentric compounds
Ýí ÇáãÍÇÖÑå ÇáËÇäíå
ÇáÜ Endocentric Êßæä ßáãÇÊåÇ ãäØÞíå æ ãÚÞæáå æÌÇíå ãÚ ÈÚÖ( Òí ÇáãËÇá steamboat íÊßæä ãä ßáãÊíä ÈÎÇÑ æÞÇÑÈ ÝãÚ ÏãÌåÇ ÊÕíÑ ÞæÇÑÈ Çáí ÊÓÊÎÏã ÇáÈÎÇÑ - ßÐáß ãËÇá airfield åæÇÁ æÍÞá ãÚ ÏãÌåÇ ÊÚØíß ãßÇä åÈæØ ÇáØÇíÑÇÊ Çáí Ýí ÇáãØÇÑ ) endocentric ßáãÇÊåÇ áÇ ÊÓãÍ ÈÅÖÇÝå s ÇáÌãÚ

*****

ÇáÜ exocentric Êßæä ßáãÇÊåÇ ÛÑíÈÉ æãÇåí ÌÇíå ãÚ ÈÚÖ ( ÈÓ áÇÒã ÍÝÙ ÇáßáãÇÊ áÂäå ßÐÇ åí ÈÇááÛå ÇáÇäÌáíÒíå Òí ßáãÉ watchmans áæ ÌÒÆÊåÇ ãÚÇäíåÇ ãÎÊáÝåÇ ÈÓ ÈáÛå ÇáÇäÌáíÒíå ãÚäÇåÇ ËÇÈÊ ÇäåÇ ÊáÝÒíæäÇÊ ãÍãæáå æíÞæáæ ÇäåÇ ÍÇÑÓ ÚãÇÑå Çæ ÍÇÌÉ ßÐÇ -- bigfootsæåÐí ÇáßáãÉ ãÚäÇ ßÇÆä ÛÑíÈ )
exocentric ßáãÇÊåÇ ÊÞÏÑ ÊÌãÚåÇ ÈÜ s


ÊæÖíÍ ÂÎÑ áäÝÓ ÇáÓÄÇá


ÍÓÈ Ýåãí áåÇ

endocentric
ÐÇ ÇáäæÚ ÇÐÇ ÇáßáãÉ ÇáãÑßÈå ÊÚÈÑ Úä ÇáÔíÁ äÝÓå
ãËá. Steamboat. ãÚÇå ÓÝíäå ÊÚãá Úáì ÇáÈÎÇÑ

exocentric
åÐÇ ÇáäæÚ ÇÐÇ ÞáäÇ redhead. íÚäí ÇáÑÃÓ ÇáÃÍãÑ æåæ áíÓ ÇáãÞÕæÏ
ÇáãÞÕæÏ ÝíåÇ ÇáÔÚÑ ÇáÃÍãÑ æáíÓ ÇáÑÃÓ äÝÓå

+ ÊæÖíÍ ÂÎÑ áäÝÓ ÇáÓÄÇá



íÚØíß ÇáÚÇÝíå Ú ÇáÔÑÍ........ææÏí ÇÈÓØåÇ ÍÓÈ ÝåãÊå

Endocentric ÇáãÚäì ãä ÊÑßíÈ Çáßáãå äÝÓåÇ .....endo- ÈÇÏÆå ÊÚäí internal íÚäí ÇáãÚäì ãä ßáãÇÊåÇ

Òí airfield æäÌãÚåÇ ÚÇÏí airfields æ policeman äÌãÚåÇ policemen áÇä ÇáãÚäí ãÇÇÇÇÇÊÛíÑ,,, ãäå æÝíå
äãÔí Ú ÇÕæá ÇáÌãÚ ÇáãÚÑæÝå S æÇáßáãÇÊ ÇáÔÇÐå äÛíÑåÇ Òí ãÇÍÕá ãÚ man Ýí policeman ÇÕÈÍÊ policemen
.
.

ÇãÇ Exocentric ãÚäÇåÇ áíÓ ãä ÇáßáãÇÊ ÇáãÑßÈå ãÚäì ÎÇÇÇÇÇÑÌí íÎÎÎÎÊáÝ ÊãÇãÇ æ exo ÈÇÏÆå ÈãÚäì ÎÇÑÌí

Òí watchman ÊÚäí ÇáÊáÝÇÒ ÇáãÍãæá æÌãÚåÇ watchmans æáÇÇÇÇÇÇ äÞæá watchmen áÇä ãÚäÇåÇ ÇÎÊáÝ íÚäí ÇÕÈÍÊ ßáãå ÇÎÑì.......ÚÔÇä ßÐÇ äÖíÝ S æáÇäÛíÑ ÌãÚ ÇáÔæÇÐ





ãáÝ ááÌãíáÉ ÝííäÇ (åäÇ)

 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #62
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
ÇáÒÈÏÉ4

.
.

Derivational
ÊÛíÑ ãÚäì Çáßáãå Òí king => kindom áßä ÊÕäíÝåÇ ãÇÊÛíÑ åí äÝÓåÇ ãÇÒÇáÊ ÇÓã

Çæ ÊÛíÑ ÇáÊÕäíÝ ÇáÞÇÚÏí ááßáãå Òí heart => heartless ãä ÇÓã Çáì ÕÝå

Inflectional
ãÇÊÛíÑ áÇÈÇáãÚäì æáÇ ÈÇáÊÕäíÝ ÇáÞÇÚÏí
book => books åí äÝÓåÇ ãÇÒÇáÊ ÇÓã æÇáãÚäì ãÇÊÛíÑ ææææ work => worked åí äÝÓåÇ ãÇÒÇáÊ ÝÚá æÇáãÚäì ãÇÊÛíÑ

ÇÊãäì ÊÈÓíØåÇ ãÝåæã.......




Çá root åæ ÇÕá Çáßáãå ÇáãÚÌãí æåí ÏÇÆãÇ free

áßä ÇÐÇ ÇÖÝäÇ ÚáíåÇ affix ÇÕÈÍÊ morpheme

work =root
worker=morpheme
woked=morpheme







 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #63
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
Íá ÃÓÆáÉ ÇáãÍÇÖÑÉ 13 ãÚ ÚíæÔ

.
.
Íá ÊãÑÈä ÇáãÍÇÖÑå 13 ãÚ ÇáÏßÊæÑ
ÇáÇÍãÑ Íá ÇáÏßÊæÑ
ÇáÇÒÑÞ Íáí
äÓÎÊ ÇáÇÓÆáÉ ãä ãáÒãÉ Ñíã ÇááÉ íÌÒÇåÇ ÇáÌäÉ

EXERCISE 1: Say whether the following words are related by inflection (I) or
Derivation (D)


a. go, goes going, gone.

I all verbs , same meaning

b. Lovely, lovelier, loveliest

I no change in category or meaning

c. Discover, discovery, discoverer, discoverable, discoverability

D

d. Inventor, inventor's, inventors, inventors'

I



EXERCISE 2: For each word below, indicate whether the word is morphologically simple (S) or Complex (C), includes an inflectional affix (IA), or includes a derivational affix (DA).

a. Reader S C IA DA

read +er

b. Redder S C IA DA

red-ness

c. lavish S C IA DA

d. Readiness S C IA DA

ready+ness


e. Aviation S C IA DA
ãæ ÇßíÏ

EXERCISE 3: Isolate the root and the affixes in the following words.
For example: unpredictable : un+predict+able.


a. independently

in+depend+ent+ly

b. recoverability

recover+abil+ity (ÇáÝÚá recover íÊÍÓä morpheme )

c. embellishment

embellish+ment


d. unsustainability

un+sustain+abil+ity


e. implementability

implement+abil+ity


EXECISE 4: Some words in (4) contain prefixes. Identify the prefixes by circling them.


a. unable

un

b. discourage

dis


c. establish

one word


d. receive

one word


e. strawberry

compound word


EXERCISE 5: Circle the correct answer in the following multiple choice questions:

(1) The study of word structure is done in
a. Phonology
b. Syntax
c. Phonetics
d. Morphology


(2) The association between the sound of a word and its meanings is purely ……….....
a. Controversial
b. Conditional
c. Central
d. Conventional

(3) Suppletion occurs when a lexeme is represented by two or more ……………… roots.
a. Different
b. Similar
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
ãËÇá go/ went

(4) When we derive one word from another, we ………………
a. Change its class, for example, from being a Verb into a Noun
b. Change its tense, for example , from being Past into Present
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above
Ýí ÇáãÍÇÖÑå 4 æÇáãÈÇÔÑå ÍáåÇ a

Ýí ÇáãÍÇÖÑå 13 ÍáåÇ c

(5) Roots are …………..
a. NOT always free
b. Always free
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above

(6) ……… is a morpheme that makes the most significant contribution to a word's meaning.
a. The phoneme
b. The derivational morpheme
c. The inflectional morpheme
d. The root
 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #64
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
Arrow ÇáÒÈÏÉ 5

.
.

Çáßáãå ÇÐÇ morpheme æÇÍÏ simple
ãËá
happy ÊÕíÑ simple ãÇÝíåÇ ÇáÇ morpheme æÇÍÏ
unhappy ÊÕíÑ complex ÝíåÇ 2 morphemes Çáí åã un+ happy
happiness ÊÕíÑ complex
one morpheme = simple
ÇßËÑ ãä 1 complex







Q) Typically sentences are made up of an
a) NP + VP
b) NP + PP
c) AP + PP
d) non of above

a) NP + VP






Syntactically, Spec mark the boundary of a phrase. In English, they occupy the leftmost position in a phrase.
Semantically, Spec make the meaning of the head more precise

ãåãå ááÊÝÑÞå äÍæíÇ æãÚäæíÇ





SENTENCES
The largest unit of syntactic analysis is the sentence. Typically, sentences are made up of an NP (the subject) and a VP ( the Predicate). These two phrases are grouped together by Inflection. I ( for short) is the syntactic head of a sentence. It stands for the Tense element of the sentence. On the other hand, because of its central role in determining the meaning of a sentence, the verb is said to be the semantic head of S. A simple sentence structure is provided below




The suffixin in the word (un faithful)is
A)faithful
B)faith
C)ful
D)un
ááì íÚÑÝ ÇáÌæÇÈ íÞæá

C)ful






ÑÇÈØ Ìãíá åäÇ ()




 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #65
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
Red face 6

.
.




ÇáÌæÇÈ c

äÈÏà ãä ÇáÃÓÝá Çáì ÇáÃÚáì æãä Çáíãíä Çáì ÇáíÓÇÑ
MERGE: Combine words in a manner compatible with the X’ schema.
The merger operation follows a mode of application which is bottom up and right to left.
æåÐÇ ÇáÇÞÊÈÇÓ ãä ÇáãáÎÕ ^





ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
ãä íÔÑÍ áäÇ
The movement test
The coordination test
The substitution test


æíæÖÍåÇ áäÇ ÈÇáÃãËáÉ æáå æÇÝÑ ÇáÔßÑ æ ÇáÅãÊäÇä

The substitution test åÐí íÚäí ÊÌÑÈÉ ÇáÇÓÊÈÏÇá

íÚäí ÊÞÏÑ ãä äÇÍíÊåÇ Çäß ÊÈÏá ÇáÚäÕÑ ÇáÇÓÇÓí Çáí åæ ÌÒÁ ãä ÇáÌãáå Èßáãå æÇÍÏå ÈÓ ãËÇá :

The children will stop at the corner
ÇáÇØÝÇá ÓæÝ íÞÝæä ÚäÏ ÇáÒÇæíå

[The children] will stop [ at the corner] << åÐí ÇáÌãáå ÇÞÏÑ ÇÓÊÎÏã ÝíåÇ ÇáÇÓÊÈÏÇá ÈØÑíÞÊíä

ÇáÇæáì :
They will stop at the corner << åäÇ ÇÓÊÈÏáÊ ÇáÇØÝÇá Çáí ÚÈÇÑÉ ÇÓãíå æÊÚÊÈÑ ÚäÕÑ ÇÓÇÓí ÈßáãÉ åã

ÇáËÇäíå :The children will stop there << æåäÇ ÇÓÊÈÏáÊ ÚÈÇÑÉ ÇáÌÇÑ æÇáãÌÑæÑ Çáí åí ÚäÏ ÇáÒÇæíÉ ÈßáãÉ åäÇß

ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ


The movement test


ÊÌÑÈÉ ÇáÊÍÑíß íÚäí ÊÞÏÑ ÊÍÑß ÇáÚäÕÑ ÇáÇÓÇÓí ãä ãßÇäå Çáì ãßÇä ËÇäí ãËÇá :


They stopped at the corner << åã ÊæÞÝæ ÚäÏ ÇáÒÇæíå ÇáÚäÕÑ ÇáÇÓÇÓí åäÇ ÚäÏ ÇáÒÇæíå

ÇÞÏÑ ÇÍÑß ÇáÚäÕÑ ÇáÇÓÇÓí æÇÎáíå íÌí ÈÇáÇæá íÚäí ÇÛíÑ ãßÇäå


ÚäÏ ÇáÒÇæíÉ ÊæÞÝæ at the corner they stopped

ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ


The coordination test
ÊÌÑÈÉ ÇáÊäÓíÞ
æåí ØÈÚÇ Çáí äÓÊÎÏã ÝíåÇ ÍÑæÝ ÇáÚØÝ and, or, but

íÚäí äÌãÚ ÇáßáãÇÊ Çáí ÝíåÇ ÈÇÍÏ ÍÑæÝ ÇáÚØÝ ãËÇá :

The children [went to the playground] and [stayed there all day]

ÌãÚäÇåÇ ÈÍÑÝ ÚØÝ





ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
ÇáãÔÇÑßÉ ÇáÃÕáíÉ ßÊÈÊ ÈæÇÓØÉ ÇáãÜ Ì ÜÊåÏå
(4) When we derive one word from another, we ………………
a. Change its class, for example, from being a Verb into a Noun
b. Change its tense, for example , from being Past into Present
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above
Ýí ÇáãÍÇÖÑå 4 æÇáãÈÇÔÑå ÍáåÇ a

Ýí ÇáãÍÇÖÑå 13 ÍáåÇ c

*****

íÚäí æÔ äÎÊÇÑ !!!!!!!!!
ÇáÇÌÇÈå ÇáÕÍíÍå åí a æÇÖÍå áÇä ÇáÇäÔÞÇÞ åæ Çáí íÛíÑ ãä ÝÚá Çáì ÇÓã





ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
The syntactic head of a clause (IP) is :
a.
V

b.
I

c.
V+I

d. C+I ããßä ÇáÍá


B.i
æ ÞÇá áæ ÓÃáÊ Úä semantic íÕíÑ ÇáÌæÇÈ v
 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #66
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
Exclamation ÇÓÆáÉ ãÑÇÌÚÉ ááÏßÊæÑ ÇáÞÏíã

20 ÓÄÇá Çááí ÈÇáÎÏãÇÊ ÇáØáÇÈíÉ ãÚ ÇáÍá ÇÊäãì ÊÝíÏßã...~


1) Morphology is:
a. The analysis of the structure of phrases and sentences.
b. The part of grammar explaining how morphemes are put together.
c. The discipline that studies the nature and use of language.
d. A language subsequent to a speaker's native language.
2) Grammar is:
a. The parts of words ( i.e. stems, prefixes, and suffixes).
b. The analysis of the structure of phrases and sentences.
c. The conscious process of accumulating knowledge.
d. The type of language produced by second language learners.
3) It consists of one or more words.
a. Clause
b. Morphemes
c. Phrase
d. Syntax
4) It consists of one or more morphemes.
a. Word
b. Clause
c. Grammar
d. Phrase
5) Grammatical units are described in terms of:
a. Use only
b. Meaning only
c. Role only
d. Structure, role, meaning and use
6) Prepositions, coordinators, auxiliary verbs, and pronouns are:
a. Lexical words
b. Function words
c. Inserts
d. Nouns
  
7) They usually carry emotional and discourse meaning.
a. Adjectives
b. Adverbs
c. Lexical verbs
d. Inserts
8) "Wow" is an example of:
a. Nouns
b. Verbs
c. Adjectives
d. Inserts
9) The morpheme attached to the end of a word is:
a. Prefix
b. Insert
c. Suffix
d. Stem
10) The example of ' special + ize' is an example of:
a. Prefix
b. Compounding
c. Inflection
d. Derivation
11) ' Blue + bird' is an example of:
a. Compounding
b. Inflection
c. Derivation
d. Auxiliary verbs
12) Morphological, syntactic, and semantic tests are applied to decide:
a. What class a word belongs to?
b. What class an insert belongs to?
c. What class a prefix belongs to?
d. What class a suffix belongs to?
13) ' Finally ' and ' Now ' are:
a. Adjectives
b. Verbs
c. Nouns
d. Adverbs
14) Adjectives most frequently modify:
a. Adverbs
b. Verbs
c. Nouns
d. Pronouns
15) Adverbs are linked to:
a. Pronouns
b. Nouns
c. Verbs
d. Adverbs
16) Determiners and pronouns are:
a. Inserts
b. Function words
c. Lexical words
d. Adjectives
17) ' His sister ' and " Her book ' are examples of:
a. Possessive determiners
b. Demonstrative determiners
c. Definite articles
d. Auxiliary verbs
18) Personal pronouns refer to:
a. Verbs
b. Adverbs
c. The speaker, the addressee(s), and other entities.
d. Wh-questions
19) ' be, have, and do ' are:
a. Modal auxiliary
b. Pronouns
c. Primary auxiliary
d. Definite articles
20) They express 'modality' such as possibility, necessity, and prediction.
a. Personal pronouns
b. Verbs
c. Primary auxiliary
d. Modal auxiliary
 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #67
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
.

.
.

ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
ÊæÖÈÍ äÞØå ÇáÇÛáÈíå ÛáØ Ýí ÍáåÇ
ãÍÇÖÑÉ 13 ÇáÊãÑíä ÇáËÇäí
e- Aviation
ÇäÇ ÔÎÕíÇ ÓÃáÊ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ÚäåÇ Ýí ÇáãÍÇÖÑ ÇáãÈÇÔÑå ÇáÇÎíÑå
ßÇä ÇáÌæÇÈ S
ÊÚáíÞå áÇäåÇ root ãä ßáãå ÝÑäÓíå æáÇäÓÊØíÚ ÊÞÓíãåÇ

ÔÆ ËÇäí ÇäÇ ÓãÚÊå Ýí ÇáãÈÇÔÑå ÇáÇÎíÑå ÞÇá
ÇÐÇ ÐßÑÊ ßáãå derive ãÚäÇÇåÇ ÇÞÕÏ ÈÔßá ÚÇã general
ÝÇÇáÇÌÇÈå Êßæä C =both of the above
ÇÐÇ ÐßÑÊ derivation ÇÎÊÇÑæÇ a- change its class for example from V into N




.
.



27. Decide whether the following BOLD words are phrases or clauses:
1. Opening the gate
, Jose let his dog into the yard.
a. Clause
b. phrase


2. it is too bad that Ms. Fraser will not be teaching next year.
a. Clause
b. phrase










æææÉ Ý ÙåÑ ÇáÛíÈ

derivation
åÐí ÇäÔÞÇÞ áæÇÍÞ ÊÌí ÈÇÎÑ Çáßáãå æÇÍíÇäÇ Ýí ÇæáåÇ æÊÛíÑ ãÚäí ÇáßáãÉ æáåÇ ÇãËáå ßËíÑå ãËá :

kingdom åäÇ ÔæÝí ÛíÑÊ ÇáãÚäì ÈÏÇá ãÇåæ ãáß íæã ÇÖÝäÇ domÕÇÑÊ ããáßå ÊÛíÑ ÇáãÚäì
, faithful, presidetial, arabian


Inflection
åÐí ÊÕÑíÝ íÚäí áæÇÍÞ ÊÌí Ýí ÇÎÑ ÇáßáãÉ ÈÓ áßä ãÇÊÛíÑ ãÚäì ÇáßáãÉ
æáåÇ 8 ãáÍÞÇÊ ÈÓ Çáí åí :
s ÇáÌãÚ ãËá books íÚäí ÈÏÇá ãÇåæ ßÊÇÈ ÕÇÑÊ ßÊÈ íÚäí ãÇÛíÑÊ ÇáãÚäì åæ äÝÓå
s Çáãáßíå ãËá John's book
er ÇáãÞÇÑäå ãËá the smaller one
est ÇáÊÝÖíá ãËá the smallest one
ing ãËá working
ed ãËá worked
en ãËá eaten



íÚäÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜí ÇáÒÈÏÉ ÇÐÇ ÔÝÊí ÇÎÑ ÇáßáãÉ ing-s-ed-est-ed-en-er
Úáì Øæá ÊÑì åÐí ÊÕÑíÝíå
Inflection
æÇÐÇ ãÇÔÝÊíåÇ æÔÝÊí ãáÍÞÇÊ ËÇäíå ÊÑì åí
derivation






Categories of words are classified as either LEXICAL or FUNCTIONAL




the three major families of words are

1_lexical words
2_function words
3_inserts


*morphemes are ::::::morphology* ÜÜ> äÞØå ãåãå


choose and write are
*ÊÓãì lexical verbs




The main carries of information in a text or speech are: lexical words

* be ,have ,and do , are : primary auxiliary

ÜÜÜÜÜÜ chair +man is an example of ______> compounding

äÌí á free morphemes ÝÆÊíä ÊÌí ãÚÇå æåí ãåãå
١Ü lexical
2_function



ãÚáæãå ãåãå inflection ÏÇÆãÇ suffxes


æÇíÖÇ derivation ÏÇÆãÇ prefixes


syntactic categories ÇáÝÆÇÊ ÇáäÍæíå ÊÚÊãÏ Úáì ٣ ÇÔíÇÁ ãåãå æÇÊæÞÚ ÓÄÇáåÇ ÌÇí ÌÇí æåí
١Ümeaning ÇáãÚäì
٢Ütype affixes ÇááæÇÍÞ
٣Üstructures ÇáåíÇßá




ÓÄÇá ÇáãÍÇÖÑå 14


arabic is an example of ………language
ÇáÌæÇÈ vso


ØíÈ áæ ÌÇÈ äÝÓ ÇáÓÄÇá áßä Ýí ÇááÛå ÇáÇäÌáíÒíå

ÇßíÏ ÈäÞæá svo




specifiers ÊÍÊá ãæÞÚ ÇÞÕì ÇáíÓÇÑ ãä ÇáÚÈÇÑå

ãËáÇ The boss ate soup

det åäÇ the ÊÓãì specifiers

áÇäå íÌÚá ãÚäì ÇáÑÃÓ ÇßËÑ ÏÞå make the meaning of the head more precise

 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #68
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
ÞÑÈäÇ Ú ÇáäåÇíÉ

.
.



ÇáÝÑÞ Èíä ÇáÌãáÉ ÇáÓØÍíÉ æÇáÚãíÞÉ åæä ()


a The Inspector will come tomorrow.

a) sentences are generated directly by the Lexicon and the PSRs.
They represent a level of linguistic representation called DEEP STUCTURE



b ?Will the Inspector ______ come tomorrow

b) sentences represent a level of linguistic representation called SURFACE STRUCTURE





ÇÓÆáÉ ÇáãÍÇÖÑÉ ÇáÑÇÈÚÉ
ex - 4

colder.......... C IA

áÇä ÇáßáãÉ ßÇäÊ ÕÝÉ æãÇ ÒÇáÊ ÕÝÉ cold colder ßáåÇ ÕÝÇÊ


lens åí ÇáÚÏÓÇÊ æÍÑÝ s ÇÕáí Ý ÇáßáãÉ æáíÓ ÒÇíÏ Ýåí ßáãÉ ÈÓíØÉ ãä ãæÑÝíã æÇÍÏ
ÇáÌæÇÈ lens .....................S





ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:


ÇÞÊÈÇÓ:
)The noun phrase in ' Tarzan saw a lion' generates this rule:
b. NP -----> Np

ÇáÇÓÏ ÇÓã


2) The verb phrase ' The monkey died' generates this rule:
a. VP -----> VI

ÝÚá ãÇÖí ÝÚá =
VP æÇáÑãÒ åÐÇ VI Çäå ÝÚá ÊÕÑíÝí Ýí Òãä ÇáãÇÖí ( i nflectional
æåæ Öãä ÇáÞæÇÚÏ ÇáËãÇäíå ÍÞ ÇáÊÕÑíÝÇÊ )


3) The verb phrase in ' Tom was persistent' generates this rule:
b. VP -----> VL Adj
ãÓÊãÑ ÕÝå
Adj


4) This rule ' S -----> NP VP '
V
P= V NP PP generates this sentence:

b. Larry opened the oyster with a hammer

with a hammer =
PP
. ÌÇÑ æãÌÑæÑ

the oyster = NP ÇÓã

opened = V ÝÚá


Larry = N ÇÓã


ÇÌãÚæåÇ Êßæä ÇáÊÍáíá äÝÓå Çáí Ýí ÇáÓÄÇá
S -----> NP VP '
V
P= V NP PP
 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 16   #69
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
ßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond reputeßÇÑÒãÇ has a reputation beyond repute
ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
Red face æÇäÊåì ÇáãÔæÇÑ

.
.


ÞÇÞíå

legs
leg+s
complicated and inflectional

inflection
áåÇ 8 ÍÇáÇÊ ÈÇáÇäÌáíÒí
Ýí ÇáÇÓãÇÁ


s ÇáÌãÚ book æ books

æÇáËÇäíÉ s ÇáãáßíÉ john's book

Ýí ÇáÕÝÇÊ

ÇáãÞÇÑäÉ small ÊÕíÑ smaller

ÇáËÇäíÉ ÕíÛÉ ÇáÊÝÖíá smallest

æÝí ÇáÇÝÚÇá :


ãÚ 3d person singular he reads

progressive form he is woking

past ed he worked

past participle he has eaten



Çí Ôí ÛíÑ Çá 8 íÕíÑ derivation








ÇÎÊÕÇÑÇÊ ãåãÉ :

Specifiers  Spec
Determiners  Det
Auxiliary verbs  Aux
Conjunctions  Conj
Degree words  Deg
Noun  N
Verb  V
Adjective  A
Adverb  Adv
Prepositional  P
Complement  C
Sentence  S
Inflection  I
Noun Phrase  NP
Verb Phrase  VP
Adjective Phrase  AP
Adverb Phrase  AdvP
Prepositional Phrase  PP
inflection phrase  IP





VL= linking verb



ÇäÊÈåæÇ áåÇ ÊÚÑíÝíä ..... ãÓÇåãå ÈÓíØÉ !!!!!1
MERGE is operated on the basis of information from the Lexicon and a theory of phrase structure known as “ MR theory
MERGE :Combine words in a manner compatible with the X’ schema



stem=root

root+affix= stem





th- I could feel the warmth of the fire.

A. Inflectional morphemes
B. Derivational morphemes


áíÔ ÇÎÊÑäÇ ÇáÌæÇÈ ÇáËÇäí

áÇä ÇÎÑ Çáßáãå th æåí áíÓÊ ãä ÚáÇãÇÊ ÇáÕÑÝInflectional
( s-ing-ed-er-est)

ÝÇßíÏ ÇäåÇ ãä ÚáÇãÇÊ ÇáÇÔÊÞÇÞ Derivational






ãÚáæãå ãåãå ÍÈíÊ ÇÞæáåÇ áßã áÚá æÚÓì ÊÓÇÚÏßã ÈÇáÇÎÊÈÇÑ
ÇÐÇ ÌÇßã åÐÇ ÇáÓæÇá ¡¡


æÔÝÊæ ÈÇáÓÄÇá ¡¡ ßáãå actual ÇÎÊÇÑæ a Úáì Øæá

6. …………… refers to the speakers' actual use of language in concrete situations
a. Performance
b. Competence
c. Linguistics
d. Syntax



æÇÐÇ ÌÇßã äÝÓ ÇáÓÄÇá æÇáÎíÇÑÇÊ äÝÓåÇ ÈÓ ãæÌæÏ ÏÇÎá ÇáÓÄÇá åÐÇ ÇáßáãÉ implicit


ÇÎÊÇÑæ Úáì Øæá ÇáÇÌÇÈå b Çáí åí competence





ing- She is studying everyday
Inflectional morphemes





Free morphemes are
a. Lexical
c. Functional
-------------------------------------
Bound morphemes are
b. Inflectional
c. Derivational


======================
áÇÊÖíÚæä Èíäåã æáÇ ÊáÎÈØæææä





open) in the sentence:" I will open the window" is:
A free morpheme

======================

54. (open) in the sentence:" I will reopen the window" is:
A stem



word ßáãå æÇÍÏå

phrase ÇßËÑ ãä ßáãå

clause ÇßËÑ ãä phrase æÈÇáÚÇÏå ÊÑÈØåÇ conj.





 
ÞÏíã 2015- 11- 17   #70
ßÇÑÒãÇ
ããíÒÉ ãÓÊæì 8 E
 
ÇáÕæÑÉ ÇáÑãÒíÉ ßÇÑÒãÇ
ÇáãáÝ ÇáÔÎÕí:
ÑÞã ÇáÚÖæíÉ : 136633
ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÊÓÌíá: Fri Feb 2013
ÇáãÔÇÑßÇÊ: 6,004
ÇáÜÌäÜÜÓ : ÃäÜËÜì
ÚÏÏ ÇáÜäÞÜÇØ : 426557
ãÄÔÑ ÇáãÓÊæì: 534
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ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáØÇáÈ:
ÇáßáíÉ: !!! U l00k lost follow Me
ÇáÏÑÇÓÉ: ÇäÊÓÇÈ
ÇáÊÎÕÕ: ÚäÞáíÒí !♠
ÇáãÓÊæì: ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáËÇãä
 ÇáÃæÓãÉ æ ÌæÇÆÒ  ÈíÇäÇÊ ÇáÇÊÕÇá ÈÇáÚÖæ  ÇÎÑ ãæÇÖíÚ ÇáÚÖæ
ßÇÑÒãÇ ÛíÑ ãÊæÇÌÏ ÍÇáíÇð
Exclamation ÊäÈíå ãåã

.
.

Çáí ÇÚÊãÏæÇ ãáÒãÉ Ñíã ÇáÚãÇÏí
Ýíå ÊÕÍíÍ ÇÓÆáÉ ÇáãÍÇÖÑÉ 4 åäÇ()

+
ÊäÈíå áÜiseeu åäÇ ()
 
ãæÖæÚ ãÛáÞ

ãæÇÞÚ ÇáäÔÑ (ÇáãÝÖáÉ)

« ÇáãæÖæÚ ÇáÓÇÈÞ | ÇáãæÖæÚ ÇáÊÇáí »

ÇáÐíä íÔÇåÏæä ãÍÊæì ÇáãæÖæÚ ÇáÂä : 1 ( ÇáÃÚÖÇÁ 0 æÇáÒæÇÑ 1)
 

ÊÚáíãÇÊ ÇáãÔÇÑßÉ
áÇ ÊÓÊØíÚ ÅÖÇÝÉ ãæÇÖíÚ ÌÏíÏÉ
áÇ ÊÓÊØíÚ ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÇáãæÇÖíÚ
áÇ ÊÓÊØíÚ ÅÑÝÇÞ ãáÝÇÊ
áÇ ÊÓÊØíÚ ÊÚÏíá ãÔÇÑßÇÊß

BB code is ãÊÇÍÉ
ßæÏ [IMG] ãÊÇÍÉ
ßæÏ HTML ãÚØáÉ

ÇáÇäÊÞÇá ÇáÓÑíÚ


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