[ جميع التخصصات ] : Basic Life Support-BLS

[emt-1986]

Basic Life Support-BLS
&
Cardipulmonary Resuscitation-CPR

:BLS Definition

- It is an emergency procedures performed to sustain life.


- Basic life support can buy vital minutes.


- But not commonly restart the heart.



Basic life support algorithm


Check responsiveness.


Call for help.


Open the airway.


Check breathing.


Assess circulation.


CPR, then: Early defibrillation, Followed by advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS).







- Check responsiveness:


Tap shoulder and shout “Are you ok?”







- Call for help:


997







A – Airway:


Open the airway with;


Head tilt chin lift



















B – Check For Breathing:


1- Look for chest movement.


2- Listen at the victim's mouth for breath sounds.


3- Feel for air on your cheek.



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- No longer than 10 seconds.


- If you have any doubt whether breathing is normal, act as if it is not normal.


- In the first few minutes after cardiac arrest, a victim may be barely breathing, or taking infrequent, noisy, gasps. Do not confuse this with normal breathing.

- C-CPR:



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- Do not rely on a palpable carotid ofeffective arterial flow.







- Sequence:


1- Check the victim for a response.


2- If he responds and breathing normally: Leave hem in his position, provided there is no further danger.


3- If he is Unresponsive, but breathing normally: Turn him into the recovery position & call for an ambulance.


4- If he is Unresponsive and not breathing normally: Shout for help.



- Start CPR:


- Turn the victim onto his back.


- Open the airway using head tilt and chin lift.


- How CPR Works:


- Effective CPR provides 1/4 to 1/3 normal blood flow.


- Start CPR Immediately --> Better chance of survival.


- Brain damage starts in 4-6 m.


- Brain damage is certain after 10 minutes without CPR.



- Compressions:


- Rescuers should place their hands in the centre of the chest, rather than to spend more time using the ‘rib margin’ method.







- Kneel by the side of the victim.


- Place the heel of one hand in the centre of the victim’s chest.



نقره على هذا الشريط لعرض الصورة بالمقاس الحقيقي[IMG]http://www.wakeems.com/blog/wp-*******/uploads/2007/03/myerscpr.jpg[/IMG]



- Place the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand.







- Position yourself vertically above the victim's chest.




هذه الصورة مصغره ... نقره على هذا الشريط لعرض الصوره بالمقاس الحقيقي ... المقاس الحقيقي 1222x441 .




- A 100 times /min.


- Equal Compression and release.


- A compression depth of 4-5 cm.


- Allow the chest to recoil completely after each compression.



- A Combine chest compression with rescue breaths:


- After 30 compressions open the airway again using head tilt and chin lift.


- Blow steadily into his mouth whilst watching for his chest to rise;


- Give each rescue breath over 1 sec.


- Maintaining head tilt and chin lift, take your mouth away and watch for his chest to fall as air comes out.



- Breathing: Mouth To Nose (when to use):


1- Can’t open mouth.


2- Can’t make a good seal.


3- Severely injured mouth.


4- Stomach distension.


5- Mouth to stoma (tracheotomy).







- Stop to recheck the victim only if he starts breathing normally; otherwise do not interrupt resuscitation.


- Continue until help arrives or victim recovers.


- If the victim starts moving: check breathing.



- When Can I Stop CPR?


1- Victim recovers.


2- Trained help arrives.


3-Too exhausted to continue.


4- Unsafe scene.


5- Cardiac arrest of longer than 30 minutes.



- Why CPR May Fail?


1- Delay in starting.


2- Improper techniques .


3- No ACLS follow-up and delay in defibrillation.


4- Only 15% who receive CPR live to go home.


5- Terminal disease (massive heart attack).



- Injuries Related to CPR:


1- Rib fractures .


2- Laceration to: liver, lung, spleen.



- Complications of CPR:


1- Vomiting --> Aspiration.


- Prevention:


1- Place victim on left side.


2- Wipe vomit from mouth with fingers wrapped in a cloth.


3- Reposition and resume CPR .


2- Stomach Distension.


- Prevention:


1- Don’t blow too hard.


2- Slow rescue breathing .


3- Re-tilt the head to make sure the airway is open.


4- Use mouth to nose method.



- CPR for Infants (Under 1 Year of Age):


- Same procedures except:


1- Seal nose and mouth or nose only.


2- Give shallow “puffs”.


3- Use middle and ring finger.


4- Press sternum 1/2 to 1/3 depth of the chest.



[IMG]http://*******.revolutionhealth.com/*******images/media-medical-hw-nr55552057.jpg[/IMG]



- CPR - Recovery position:







- When circulation and breathing have been restored, it is important to:


1- Maintain a good airway.


2- Minimize the risk of inhalation of gastric *******s.


- For this reason the victim should be placed in the recovery position.


- Sequence of the recovery position:


1- Place the arm nearest to you out at right angles to his body, elbow bent with the hand palm uppermost.


2- Bring the far arm across the chest.


3- With your other hand, grasp the far leg just above the knee and pull it up.

[hamsa]

تسسسسلم يآآآرب

اماااا عني انااا رسبت بختبااار ( cpr )

مع انه فاااهمه كل شي وطبقت عملي ممتاااز

بس طريقة الاسئله حسيتها معقده وماكنت مركززه عدل

حتى الدكتوور استغرب مني يقول انتي فاااهمه معي العملي بس شو الي حصل ماعرف

الله يسهل بس الاختبار التالي

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