هذي الاسئلة والاجوبة في المفرقات
(1) The link between the signified and the signifier is ………….
(A) arbiter
(B) Artery
(C) arbitrary
(D) artistry
(2) …….. is ‘our [innate] knowledge of the systematic correspondences between sound and meaning which make up our language'.
(A) Langue
(B) Teaching
(C) Leaning
(D) Parole
(3) Rhetoric. is the art of using language so as to …..
- Answer: persuade or to influence others.
(4) Euphemism uses mild or inoffensive language to make…..
- Answer: something seem more positive than it actually appears.
(5) …… are almost always portrayed as violent, they are drug-pushers, gang-members, pimps.
- Mexican Americans
(6) The……a person is on the social scale, the more their speech will reflect prestige norms.
(A) worse
(B) higher
(C) lower
(D) healthier
(7) Which of the following words is acceptable in Standard English?
(A) bog
(B) WC
(C) Privy
(D) Dunny
(8) Choose the sentence that is unacceptable in Standard English
(A) He’s a man what likes his wife,
(B) He’s a man he likes his wife
(C) He’s a man likes his wife.
(D) All of the above
(9) .…. is any set of beliefs which, to people who hold them, appear to be logical and natural.
(A) Geology
(B) Doxology
(C) Ideal logy
(D) Ideology
(10) ……...is the way that language can systematically vary according to the situation in which it is used.
(A) Registration
(B) Reality
(C) Register
(D) Rigidness
(11) When women speak, attitudes towards their ……. are often negative; women’s talk is labelled as ‘chatter’ or ‘gossip’ about unimportant or ‘trivial’ topics.
(A) talk
(B) Behaviors
(C) positive
(D) Explosives.
(12) Artificial intelligence is the study of how to make computers …..
(A) Less sophisticated
(B) more sophisticated
(13) The affective function of language expresses the speakers’ or writers’………..
(A) feelings and attitudes.
(B) importance
(C) intelligence
(D) falling and failure
(14) . .…….. is the actual use of language in both speech and writing
(A) Power
(B) Langue
(C) Parole
(D) Bail
(15) ………is a process in which speakers may choose not to converge, but instead to maintain their own variety.
(A) Linguistic divergence
(B) Linguistic convergence
(C) Audience design
(D) Linguistic maintenance.
(16) In the ……… religion, a child was given two names. The first name was believed to give the child strength and the second was believed to protect the child.
(A) Muslim
(B) Christian
(C) Jewish
(D) None of the above
(17) ………… terms refer to anything which deviates from the norm
(A) Marker
(B) Maker
(C) Marques
(D) Marked
(18) Sexist language represents women and men ……
(A) Unequally
(19) Hedges are linguistic forms which ……..an assertion
(A) elute
(B) dilute
(C) flute
(D) Deluge.
(20) Linguistic convergence is a process in which speakers change their speech to make it more similar to that of their…….
(A) hearer
(21) Some studies show that ……. use hedges because they prefer to avoid conflict
(A) Women
(22) ……is the dialect of the higher social classes and is therefore the prestige form of English.
(A) Black English
(B) Accent
(C) Standard English
(D) variety
(23) Gang members may use certain expressions with each other that mark them as members of a particular gang or ……...
(A) ingroup
(B) dialect
(C) Accent
(D) Outgroup
(24) . ……..refers to the notion that speakers will take into account whom they are addressing and alter their speech style accordingly.
(A) Linguistic convergence
(B) Audience design
(C) Linguistic maintenance
(D) linguistics
(25) Labels of identity are imposed by people who may………….
(A) speak two languages
(B) be in a more powerful position
(C) have no powerful position
(D) live in Saudi Arabia.
(26) Names can cause problems, particularly if they don’t fit in with the ….. of a community
(A) conventions
(B) conversation
(C) conversion
(27) Choose the sentence that involves multiple negation.
(A) I did not see anything
(B) I do not know anybody
(C) I did not know anything
(D) I didn’t know nothing.
(28) .……….takes the difference in power between women and men as the main cause of discoursal variation
(A) Domineers Theory
(B) Determination Theory
(C) Dominance Theory
(D) Minimalist Theory
(29) Speakers tend to use their linguistic identity in order ……..
(A) to disguise their membership of a particular social or regional group.
(B) to distance themselves from a particular social or regional group.
(C) to move closer to another group they want to belong to.
(D) All the above.
(A) Saussure divided language into two parts: ……. And parole
(B) langue
(30) ……… is concerned with power: the power to make decisions, to control resources, to control other people’s behaviour and values.
(A) Politics
(B) Politeness
(C) Polysemy
(D) Polylines
(31) ………..is the background assumption embedded within a sentence or a phrase.
(A) Imply
(B) Definition
(C) Presupposition
(D) Implicature
(32) According to The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, there is a causative link between ….
(A) culture and language.
(33) English only Movement promotes English as the language which …….. America.
(A) nuifies
(B) destroys
(C) invades
(D) none of the above
(34) Reclamation is when members of ethnic minorities attempt to ………., the power of derogatory ethnic labelling by using those terms among themselves, as positive markers of group identity.
(A) Reduce or remove
(35) Difference Theory suggests that women and men develop ……of talking because they are segregated at important stages of their lives.
(A) different styles
(36) The word black was often linked in the British media with … signs like hate, fight, riot
(A) negative
(37) The term acent refers to features of speakers’ pronunciation that can signal their
(A) regional or social background.
(38) Lippi-Green 1(997: 215) points out that, in the United States, lack of intelligence is associated with women with …….
(A) southern accents
(B) western accents
(C) Arabic accents
(D) Standard English
(39) Prejudice refers to preconceived, ………toward people because of gender, social class, age, disability, religion, sexuality, race/ethnicity, language, nationality or other personal characteristics.
(A) usually unfavorable, judgments
(40) The Media can represent a powerful source in society because it …..…..
(A) can select what counts as news.
(B) can decide who gets on the television, radio or newspaper.
(C) has become an integral part of most people's lives
(D) all the above
(41) ……..refers to the accent used by the educated and the wealthy; it gives no indication of what part of the country the speaker came from.
(A) Advanced RP
(B) Classical Arabic
(C) Vernacular
(D) Dialectal pronunciation
(42) ………refers to an accent which sounds less formal than advanced RP and is the one that most people in Britain generally hear when they listen to newsreaders on national television.
(A) Vernacular
(B) French
(C) Arabic
(D) Mainstream (RP).
(43) Matched guise experiment is a method investigating people’s attitudes to….
(A) different language
(44) Difference Theory suggests that women and men develop ……….because they are segregated at important stages of their lives
(A) Different styles of talking
(45) Physical coercion is associated with ……….
(A) legal laws
(B) dictatorial regimes
(C) Persuasion and consent.
(D) Democratic regime
(46) .……….. language is usually used in poetry not in science.
(A) Referential
(B) Affective
(C) Aesthetic
(D) Phatic.
(47) Codification of Standard English is a process where scholars analyse and record the ………… patterns of a language.
(A) vocabulary and grammatical
(48) Power is the ability of its holders to force …….of other people to their will.
(A) obedience
(49) A ………..between you and a close friend is an informal event which won’t be planned in advance.
(A) casual conversation
(B) clasual conversation
(C) casual convention
(D) casual conversion
(50) …….. refers to the rules that attempt to control social interaction in the virtual world.
(A) Nitrite
(B) Netiquette
(C) decorum
(D) Nebulas