من تعاريف translation محاضره 2

This definition introduces a number of descriptive features such as ‘situation’ ,‘function’, ‘text’ and ‘culture’, and stresses the target orientation of the translational product.

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any utterance which is presented or regarded as a ‘translation’ within a culture, on no matter what grounds (Toury 1995)

The target orientation is carried to the extreme in this definition, in which the theorist relinquishes any prescriptive authority and accepts as Translation whatever is treated as such in a given community.