Regarding the second question
in first sentence my father and my mother are the subjet and speak and write english is the predicator
and so on in the rest of the sentences
sub +verb ( predicator ),and compliment
تركيب الجملة يكون فاعل + فعل( الخبر ) + التكملة
نفس القاعدة تمشي على بقية الجمل