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المناقشة 13 
Cavalier poets is a broad de******ion of a school of english poets of the 17th century, who came from the classes that supported king charles i during the english civil war. The cavalier poets' existence was because king charles was a connoisseur of the fine arts and therefore demanded their creation, i.e. Masques, poetry, and drama.these poets in turn grouped themselves with the king and his service, thus becoming cavalier poets. A cavalier was traditionally a mounted soldier or knight, but the term was applied differently to those who supported charles, meaning to portray them as roistering gallants. It was meant to belittle and insult, however it became the term to which those who supported charles was applied. They were separate in their lifestyle and divided on religion from the round heads, who supported parliament, consisting often of puritans (either presbyterians or independents).the best known of the cavalier poets are ben jonson, robert herrick, richard lovelace, thomas carew, and sir john suckling.
Most of the cavalier poets were courtiers, with notable exceptions. For example, robert herrick was not a courtier, but his style marks him as a cavalier poet. Cavalier poetry is different from traditional poetry in its subject matter. Instead of tackling issues like religion, philosophy, and the arts, cavalier poetry aims to express the joy and simple gratification of celebratory things much livelier than the traditional works of their predecessors. The intent of their works was often to promote the crown (particularly charles i), and cavalier poets spoke outwardly against the round heads who supported the rebellion of parliament against the crown. Most cavalier works had allegorical or classical references
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the ‘cavalier’ poets, who are usually said to include robert herrick, richard lovelace, sir john suckling and thomas carew, take their name from the term used to describe those who supported the royalist cause in the english civil war. They share a belief in loyalty to the monarch and are generally royalist in sympathy.
They participated in the royal idealisation of the relationship between charles i and henrietta maria, composing poems which celebrated platonic love of the kind the royal couple expressed, and loyal devotion to the beloved ruler
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المناقشة 14 
The fifteenth and sixteenth centuries are the period of the european renaissance. England had a strong tradition of literature in the english vernacular, which gradually increased as english use of the printing press became common by the mid 16th century. By the time of elizabethan literature a vigorous literary culture in both drama and poetry included poets such as edmund spenser, it did not become a dominating influence on english literature in the way that some foreign equivalents did for their countries. Instead the lyrics of william shakespeare, thomas wyatt and others, typically circulating in manuscript form for some time before they were published, and above all the plays of english renaissance theatre, were the outstanding legacy of the period
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