بالمحاضرة2
The different definitions of scholars for translation
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a process by which a spoken or written utterance takes place in one language which is intended or presumed to convey the same meaning as a previously existing utterance in another language (Rabin, 1958)
process conveying the 'sameness of meaning'
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the transfer of thought and ideas from one language (source) to another (target), whether the language are in written or oral form.. or whether one or both languages are based on sign (Brislin 1976a)
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situation-related and function-oriented complex series of acts for the production of a target text, intended for addressees in another culture/language, on the basis of a given source text (Salevsky, 1983)
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any utterance which is presented or regarded as a ―translation’ within a culture, on no matter what grounds (Toury 1995)
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So we have 4 definition :
1- Is a process
2- the transfer of thought and
3- a situation-related and function-oriented 4- Utterance any certain culture.
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interpreting could have the following key areas of theoretical framework:
The scope of the interpreter’s task ---------------
(mainly production);
The perspective on the translational process ----------------
(target-oriented ‘production’ rather than source-dependent ‘transfer;
The normative specification of the translation product -----------------
(the assumption of ‘similarity’ in meaning or ‘effect).
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