.
Learning a foreign language was almost a religious duty for them,
translation activities started in earnest during the Umayyad period
Caliph al-Mamun (r. 813-33), translation prospered and expanded.
Yuhanna ibn Batriq’s method was mainly literal. In other words, it consisted of
translation movement in Egypt was an incentive for translators all over the Arab world
c speaking countries, translation, as an art or profession, did not take a clear-cut shape until the Abbasid Age
هذا السؤال ماكان فيه نت والكتاب في نت فما ادري ايت عصر يبغى
باقي سؤال على المحاضره الاولى نسيته
****
literary translator focuses on how something is said more than on what is
said.
Texts are often viewed as either literary or non-literary.
translation theories were mainly derived from literary and sacred-text translation,
Naiman (2011) looks at creativity as an act of turning new and imaginative ideas into reality; she
St Jerome (348-420 CE), author of the Vulgate Latin translation of the Bible,
وعلى النقيض ، ، فإن سانت جيروم ) 348-420 م( مؤلف كتاب الترجمة اللاتينية للكتاب المقدس ،
seemed to use a word-for-word approach to translating the scripture from Greek to Latin,
methods that emphasise Target Language, such as Adaptation, Free Translation,
Idiomatic Translation and Communicative Translation.
1. “Read the entire text at least once
holistic approach
parallelism,an aesthetic quality prevalent in Arabic literature
ovels and stories are 30fictitious compositions, which indicates that they are literary works
Unlike in Arabic, novels and short stories are very popular in English
reading stories constitute part of their national identities.
When translating a short story, as a translator, you have to make first a crude handwritten draft that you never refer to again.
●Drama involves various forms of delivery. It uses monologues in the form of ‘soliloquy’,
هذا اللي تذكرت