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🔴 المحاضرة المباشرة الرابعة 🔴

🔹Cohesion: refers to unity and
connectivity between the sentences.

3 types of grammatical cohesion:
Reference, Substitution, Ellipsis.

📍John and Mary came into the room and they immediately open the TV.
(pronominal reference)

📍We have one ***, it was fantastic.
(extended reference)
'الصوت ضعيف ما سمعت الكلمه'

📍The children died in the fire, it was very sad.
(extended reference)

📍John came in, he was carrying a bag.
(pronominal, anaphoric, limited)

REMEMBER that every reference is describe in THREE way

¤ Substitution: a replacement of a word by another.

📍I bought a new book but my wife bought an old one.
(nominal substitution)

📍I asked John to help me and he did.
(verbal substitution)

📍Do you like me, i think so.
(sentence substitution)

¤ Ellipsis: the omission or deletion of a word or a sentence.

📍Many students failed in the exam.
(nominal ellipsis)

📍John bought a shirt and his wife a brooch.
(verbal ellipsis)

📍Do you like me? YES.
(sentence ellipsis)

🔹Coherence: the logical relationships that exist between sentences.
- Addition , contrast , ....


كل التوفيق 🌹🎓
جولي.