-A short story tends to be full of words, expressions, images, and the like...

with ambiguous meanings.

-Poetic translation attempts to capture

-To encourage people to learn foreign languages, ……………….…said:
"من تَعلّم لُغَة قومِ أَمِن مَكْرهم"

-supported translation activities and rewarded for them immensely.

--It was only during the reign of Abdulmalik or his son Hisham that the administrative apparatus (diwan) was translated into Arabic by