..................................
" Inflection &Derivationوالفرق بينهم "
A- Inflection:
Lexical words can take inflectional suffixes to signal meanings and roles which are important to their
word class, such as „plural‟ in the case of nouns, and „past tense‟ in the case of verbs. Examples……
- * Nouns : boy plural (boys), genitive (boy’s, boys
- * Verbs : live, write S.P.T (lives, write), P.T (lived, wrote), ing- participle (living, writing
- * Adjectives : dark comparative (darker), superlative (darkest
- * Adverbs : soon comparative (sooner), superlative (soonest
B- Derivation:
- Derivation, like inflection, usually involve adding an affix, i.e. a morpheme attached to the beginning of a word (a prefix) or to the end of a word ( a suffix).
However, this process is different from inflection because inflection does not change the identity of a word( it remains the same lexeme), while derivation creates new nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Derivation changes the meaning or word class (parts of speech) of a word, and often both, and in effect creates a new base form for the word:
Prefixes : ex + president, un + kind, re + read, a + broad
- Suffix : boy + hood, central + ize, green + ish, exact + ly
- Words can be built up using a number of different prefixes and suffixes, and can thus contain several morphemes:
industri + al, industri + al + ize, industri + al + iz + ation
خلصنا المحاضره الأولى..كملوا الباقي الله يسعدكم عشان يكون هالموضوع شامل للماده..
....................................