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دفء الورد · 2014- 5- 3

شرح المحاضرة التاسعه

Not every group of words is a sentence. To be a sentence, a group of words must make a complete thought AND contain:

ليس كل مجموعه من الكلمات تكون جمله

حتى تصنع جمله لابد لك من مبتدا وخبر

1. SUBJECT

مبتدا

2. PREDICATE

خبر

- My roommatelost his keys.

- My family lives in an apartment.

- Idon’t like warm milk or cold coffee.

- We don’t have class on Tuesday

The subject can be compound:

المبتدا ممكن ان يكون اثنان او بصيغه اخرى مركب

Examples:

My mother and my father speak English well.

My brother, sister, and mother speak English well.

Compound predicate

الخبر المركب

Examples:

My brother speaks and writes English well.

He laughed and cried at the same time.

She lives and works in Jeddah.

ممكن ان يكون المبتدا مركب والخبر مركب

Ahmad and his sisterlive and work in Jeddah.

وممكن يكون المبتدا واحد والخبر مركب مثل

We watched TV and had dinner at home.

Some verbs require an object. They are called “transitive verbs”:

بعض الافعال تتطلب مفعول به ونسميها الافعال الانتقاليه او الافعال المتعديه

Subject + verb + object

Ahmadboughta new car.

Khalid and Ahmad hadlunch at a restaurant.

Franciscogota shopping cart.

Ieatbreakfast at 7:00 every morning.

Intransitive verbs: Subject + complement

الافعال غير الانتقاليه لا تتطلب مفعول به

1. The sun rises in the east.

وهي حقيقة لشروق الشمس
2. The dog barks.
النباح حقيقه للكلاب
3. The child has fallen asleep.
الطفل اذا سقط راسه حقيقه للنوم
4. The tea is hot.
حقيقه الشاي ساخن
5. She called again and again.
حقيقه اتصالاتها متعدده
6. She waited for the bus.
حقيقه الانتظار ( عدم الاستمراريه )

A singular subject demands a singular verb; a plural subject demands a plural verb. That is the simple principle behind subject-verb agreement.
الفاعل المفرد ياخذ فعل مفرد والفاعل الجمع ياخذ فعل جمع هذه هي الاتفاقيه

Things here in Miami are fine.
الجمع ياخذ جمع
My friend Salim and Iplay basketball every day.
الجمع ياخذ جمع
My friendplays basketball every day.
المفرد ياخذ فعل + s

امثله

I _____ classes Monday to Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.

A. have

B. has

2. Francisco _____ his grandmother at 9:00 every Friday.

A. call

B. calls

C. called

3. There _____ a tall, old woman in the park.

A. is

B. are

C. Were

في هذه الامثله طلب منا اضافة خبر

ملاحظه ركز على المبتدا هل هو مفرد او جمع

Add a predicate to these sentences:

1. My father ____verb+s ___________

2. My mother ____ verb+s ______________

3. Ali and Othman __ verb____________________

4. The teacher ____ verb+s ______________________

5. Francisco and his family __ verb_____________

في هذه الامثلة طلب منا نظيف مبتدا

اكيد راح نركز على الفعل هل يوجد فيه s

Add a subject to these sentences:

1. ____مفرد _____ goes shopping every Saturday.

2. _طبعا هنا بالماضي والماضي ما يفرق _____went to the supermarket last Friday.

3. _____مفرد ________ is near my apartment.

4. _____جمع ________ don’t buy junk food.

5. ______مفرد _______ is painting a picture very carefully.

And joins two or more similar things in POSITIVE sentences.

تربط بين جملتين مثبته

Examples:

I like ChineseandItalian food.

We have class on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays.

I speakandwrite English well.

I speakandwriteEnglishandArabic well.

نلاحظ هنا كل الجمل مثبتة اي لا يوجد فيها نفي not / n't

1. Or joins two or more similar things in NEGATIVE sentences.

تربط بين جملتين متشابهين ولكن منفيتين

I don’t like warm milk or cold coffee.

We don’t have class on Tuesdays or Thursdays.

I don’t like pizza or hamburgers

2. Or also connects two or more CHOICES or ALTERNATIVES

وكذلك تربط بين اكثر من خيار او بديل

I would like to go to Jeddah, Abha, or Taif.

البعض يقول ليه ما استخدمنا and هو ذكر would like وهي رغبه فصعب كل الرغبات تتحقق بزمن واحد

My father or my brother will drive me to the airport.

هنا على قوله بعض البنات واحد منكم يوديني انت او هو

Is this sentence true or false?

في السوال طبعا فيه خيارات يا صح يا خطا

Combine each pair of sentences to make one sentence:

ادمج كل الجملتين لتصنع جمله

1. I like chocolate ice cream. I like coffee ice cream.

I like chocolate ice cream and coffee ice cream.

مثبته والثانيه مثبته تاخذ and

2. I can speak English. I can understand English.

I can speak and understand English

مثبته والثانيه مثبته تاخذ and

3. I can’t speak French. I can’t speak Japanese.

I can’t speak French or Japanese.

منفيه ومنفيه تاخذ or

4. You can eat your pizza here. You can take it home.

You can eat your pizza hereor take it home.

مثبته ومثبته بس هنا عطانا خيار لمكان الاكل

هنا راح نتكلم باختصار على ان الصفه تاتي قبل الاسم

1. (A) I am a cartoon animal.

(B) I am famous.

I am a famous cartoon animal. (adjective + noun)

2. (A) I have big ears.

(B) I have black ears.

I have big black ears. (Two adjectives + noun)

البعض يتسال يقول ليه ما سبقها حرف a اقول ركز على الاسم مفرد و جمع

3. (A) I always wear red shorts.

(B) I always wear white gloves.

I always wear red shorts and white gloves.

البعض يتسال يقول ليه ما سبقها حرف a اقول ركز على الاسم مفرد و جمع

4. (A) I live in a place called Disneyland.

(B) I work in a place called Disneyland.

I live and work in a place called Disneyland.

جمعنا الفعلين لان المفعول به واحد

Dan and Mike went to the store and bought some gum.
Choose the compound subject of the sentence.

هنا يطلب منا المبتدا المركب اي اكثر من واحد
A. went to the store
B. and bought some gum
C. Dan and Mike

2: Dan and Mike went to the store and bought some gum.
Choose the compound predicate of the sentence.

هنا يطلب منا الخبر المركب
A. went to the store and bought some gum
B. Dan and Mike

C. bought some gum

هنا يطلب منا دمج المبتدا بطريقة صحيحه

Ken went to school. Fred went to school.
A. Ken went to school and Fred went to school.
B. Ken and Fred went to school.
C. Ken, Fred went to school.

هنا يطلب منا دمج الخبر بطريقة صحيحه

4. Harry went to the bathroom. Harry washed his hands.
A. Harry went to the bathroom and washed his hands.
B. Harry went to the bathroom and Harry washed his hands.
C. Harry went to the bathroom, washed his hands

Choose the sentence with the correct order of words:

هنا يطلب منا التسلسل الصحيح

1. A. The party everyone left early.
B. Left everyone the party early.
C. Everyone left the party early.

هذه القاعده الصحيحه

Subject + verb + object

الفاعل بعدين الفعل بعدين المفعول به

2. A. She home drives after work
B. She drives home after work.
C. Home she drives after work.

3. A. Met my friend I in the park.
B. In the park met my friend I.
C. I met my friend in the park.

2014- 5- 3	#342
دفء الورد متميز كلية الأداب _المستوى الثاني الملف الشخصي: رقم العضوية : 158750 تاريخ التسجيل: Wed Sep 2013 المشاركات: 1,788 الـجنــس : ذكــر عدد الـنقـاط : 374585 مؤشر المستوى: 442 بيانات الطالب: الكلية: آداب الدراسة: انتساب التخصص: انجليزي المستوى: المستوى الخامس	رد: ✿(◠‿◠) مجــلس مـذآكرة ( الآنجليزي ... كــتابةة ) شآركــونا المجــلس .. ✿✿ ‏ شرح المحاضرة التاسعه Not every group of words is a sentence. To be a sentence, a group of words must make a complete thought AND contain: ليس كل مجموعه من الكلمات تكون جمله حتى تصنع جمله لابد لك من مبتدا وخبر 1. SUBJECT مبتدا 2. PREDICATE خبر - My roommatelost his keys. - My family lives in an apartment. - Idon’t like warm milk or cold coffee. - We don’t have class on Tuesday The subject can be compound: المبتدا ممكن ان يكون اثنان او بصيغه اخرى مركب Examples: My mother and my father speak English well. My brother, sister, and mother speak English well. Compound predicate الخبر المركب Examples: My brother speaks and writes English well. He laughed and cried at the same time. She lives and works in Jeddah. ممكن ان يكون المبتدا مركب والخبر مركب Ahmad and his sisterlive and work in Jeddah. وممكن يكون المبتدا واحد والخبر مركب مثل We watched TV and had dinner at home. Some verbs require an object. They are called “transitive verbs”: بعض الافعال تتطلب مفعول به ونسميها الافعال الانتقاليه او الافعال المتعديه Subject + verb + object Ahmadboughta new car. Khalid and Ahmad hadlunch at a restaurant. Franciscogota shopping cart. Ieatbreakfast at 7:00 every morning. Intransitive verbs: Subject + complement الافعال غير الانتقاليه لا تتطلب مفعول به 1. The sun rises in the east. وهي حقيقة لشروق الشمس 2. The dog barks. النباح حقيقه للكلاب 3. The child has fallen asleep. الطفل اذا سقط راسه حقيقه للنوم 4. The tea is hot. حقيقه الشاي ساخن 5. She called again and again. حقيقه اتصالاتها متعدده 6. She waited for the bus. حقيقه الانتظار ( عدم الاستمراريه ) A singular subject demands a singular verb; a plural subject demands a plural verb. That is the simple principle behind subject-verb agreement. الفاعل المفرد ياخذ فعل مفرد والفاعل الجمع ياخذ فعل جمع هذه هي الاتفاقيه Things here in Miami are fine. الجمع ياخذ جمع My friend Salim and Iplay basketball every day. الجمع ياخذ جمع My friendplays basketball every day. المفرد ياخذ فعل + s امثله I _____ classes Monday to Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. A. have B. has 2. Francisco _____ his grandmother at 9:00 every Friday. A. call B. calls C. called 3. There _____ a tall, old woman in the park. A. is B. are C. Were في هذه الامثله طلب منا اضافة خبر ملاحظه ركز على المبتدا هل هو مفرد او جمع Add a predicate to these sentences: 1. My father ____verb+s ___________ 2. My mother ____ verb+s ______________ 3. Ali and Othman __ verb____________________ 4. The teacher ____ verb+s ______________________ 5. Francisco and his family __ verb_____________ في هذه الامثلة طلب منا نظيف مبتدا اكيد راح نركز على الفعل هل يوجد فيه s Add a subject to these sentences: 1. ____مفرد _____ goes shopping every Saturday. 2. _طبعا هنا بالماضي والماضي ما يفرق _____went to the supermarket last Friday. 3. _____مفرد ________ is near my apartment. 4. _____جمع ________ don’t buy junk food. 5. ______مفرد _______ is painting a picture very carefully. And joins two or more similar things in POSITIVE sentences. تربط بين جملتين مثبته Examples: I like ChineseandItalian food. We have class on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. I speakandwrite English well. I speakandwriteEnglishandArabic well. نلاحظ هنا كل الجمل مثبتة اي لا يوجد فيها نفي not / n't 1. Or joins two or more similar things in NEGATIVE sentences. تربط بين جملتين متشابهين ولكن منفيتين I don’t like warm milk or cold coffee. We don’t have class on Tuesdays or Thursdays. I don’t like pizza or hamburgers 2. Or also connects two or more CHOICES or ALTERNATIVES وكذلك تربط بين اكثر من خيار او بديل I would like to go to Jeddah, Abha, or Taif. البعض يقول ليه ما استخدمنا and هو ذكر would like وهي رغبه فصعب كل الرغبات تتحقق بزمن واحد My father or my brother will drive me to the airport. هنا على قوله بعض البنات واحد منكم يوديني انت او هو Is this sentence true or false? في السوال طبعا فيه خيارات يا صح يا خطا Combine each pair of sentences to make one sentence: ادمج كل الجملتين لتصنع جمله 1. I like chocolate ice cream. I like coffee ice cream. I like chocolate ice cream and coffee ice cream. مثبته والثانيه مثبته تاخذ and 2. I can speak English. I can understand English. I can speak and understand English مثبته والثانيه مثبته تاخذ and 3. I can’t speak French. I can’t speak Japanese. I can’t speak French or Japanese. منفيه ومنفيه تاخذ or 4. You can eat your pizza here. You can take it home. You can eat your pizza hereor take it home. مثبته ومثبته بس هنا عطانا خيار لمكان الاكل هنا راح نتكلم باختصار على ان الصفه تاتي قبل الاسم 1. (A) I am a cartoon animal. (B) I am famous. I am a famous cartoon animal. (adjective + noun) 2. (A) I have big ears. (B) I have black ears. I have big black ears. (Two adjectives + noun) البعض يتسال يقول ليه ما سبقها حرف a اقول ركز على الاسم مفرد و جمع 3. (A) I always wear red shorts. (B) I always wear white gloves. I always wear red shorts and white gloves. البعض يتسال يقول ليه ما سبقها حرف a اقول ركز على الاسم مفرد و جمع 4. (A) I live in a place called Disneyland. (B) I work in a place called Disneyland. I live and work in a place called Disneyland. جمعنا الفعلين لان المفعول به واحد Dan and Mike went to the store and bought some gum. Choose the compound subject of the sentence. هنا يطلب منا المبتدا المركب اي اكثر من واحد A. went to the store B. and bought some gum C. Dan and Mike 2: Dan and Mike went to the store and bought some gum. Choose the compound predicate of the sentence. هنا يطلب منا الخبر المركب A. went to the store and bought some gum B. Dan and Mike C. bought some gum هنا يطلب منا دمج المبتدا بطريقة صحيحه Ken went to school. Fred went to school. A. Ken went to school and Fred went to school. B. Ken and Fred went to school. C. Ken, Fred went to school. هنا يطلب منا دمج الخبر بطريقة صحيحه 4. Harry went to the bathroom. Harry washed his hands. A. Harry went to the bathroom and washed his hands. B. Harry went to the bathroom and Harry washed his hands. C. Harry went to the bathroom, washed his hands Choose the sentence with the correct order of words: هنا يطلب منا التسلسل الصحيح 1. A. The party everyone left early. B. Left everyone the party early. C. Everyone left the party early. هذه القاعده الصحيحه Subject + verb + object الفاعل بعدين الفعل بعدين المفعول به 2. A. She home drives after work B. She drives home after work. C. Home she drives after work. 3. A. Met my friend I in the park. B. In the park met my friend I. C. I met my friend in the park.