There are three main types of sentence.
هناك ثلاث انواع من الجمل
• A simple sentence.الجملة البسيطة
• A compound sentence.الجملة المركبة
• A complex sentence.الجملة المعقدة
The simple sentence can be very short, consisting of a simple subject and a simple predicate.
الجمله البسيطه يمكن تكون قصيره وتحتوي على مبتدا بسيط و خبر بسيط
Examples from lecture 9:
الامثله من المحاضره التاسعه
1. SUBJECTالمبتدأ
2. PREDICATEالخبر
- My roommatelost his keys.
- My familylives in an apartment.
- Idon’t like warm milk or cold coffee.
- Wedon’t have class on Tuesday.
The simple sentence can have a compound subject and a compound predicate.
الجمله البسيطه يمكن تحتوي على مبتدا مركب اي اكثر من اثنان او خبر مركب
Examples from lecture 9:
من المحاضره 9
My mother and my fatherspeak and write English well.
My brother, sister, and motherspeak and write English well.
Ahmad and his sisterlive and work in Jeddah.
Ahmad and Ali watched TV and had dinner at home.
The simple sentence can be declarative
(تقريري)or interrogative (استفهامي):
استفهامي اي تبدا باداة استفهام
تقريري اي تعطينا حقيقه
You can shop at the mall on weekends.
Can you shop at the mall on weekends?
Francisco cleaned his room for 2 hours.
Did Francisco clean his room for 2 hours?
وكذلك تاتي
تعجب او امر
Help me.
Please hold the box.
This is a wonderful gift!
How clever you are!
A simple sentence can have a verb in any tense (past, present, or future):
الجمله البسيطه قد تحتوي على الفعل في جميع حالاته ماضي مضارع مستقبل
My friend shops at the mall on the weekend.
مضارع
My friend shopped at the mall last weekend.
ماضي
My friend will shop at the mall next weekend.
مستقبل
A compound sentence is two simple sentences connected by a comma and a coordinating conjunction.
الجملة المركبة هي جملتين بسيطه مربوطه ب فاصلة واداة ربط
And / so / but / or
Simple sentence اداة ربط simple sentence ,
طبعا كل اداه تستخدم في موقع لها
And تستخدم للاضافه Addition
But تستخدم للتضاد او الاختلاف Contrast
So تستخدم للنتيجة او الثمرة Result
Or تستخدم للاختيار Choice
Ahmad is a scientist, and he travels often.
اخترنا and لانه عالم والعالم يسافر فلا يوجد تضاد بل وجدت الاضافه
He works in Damman, but he lives in Al-Ahsa.
اخترنا but لانه يعمل في الدمام ولاكنه يسكن في الاحساء هنا وجد التضاد
He didn’t study for the test, so he failed the exam.
اخترنا so لان نتيجة رسوبه في الاختبار عدم المذاكرة
Next year we will go to the beach, or we will stay at home
هنا اخترنا or لانه خيرنا بين نطلع الكورنيش او نجلس
And connects two sentences with similar ideas. The sentences can be positive or negative:
تستخدم لربط جملتين متشابهاتالفكرهبشرط ان يكونو كلهم مثبتتان معا او منفيتان معا
My friend is a teacher, and his sister is a doctor.
He doesn’t like music, and she doesn’t like art.
But connects two sentences with opposite ideas:
تربط جملتين مع اختلاف الفكره وحده مثبته ووحده منفيه
She likes art, but she doesn’t like music.
Or connects two sentences that express alternatives or choices:
تربط الجملتين اذا وجد الاختيار او البديل بينهم
Every Friday, they go to a mall, or they visit some friends.
So connects a reason and a result:
تربط الجملتين اذا وجد سبب او ناتج
My friend and his sister work a lot, so they don’t go out very often.
Which of the following sentences is punctuated correctly?
هنا يقصد بالفاصل او القاطع الصحيح موقع الفاصله واداة الربط
A. They are running and jumping happily and their mother is watching them quietly.
B. They are running and jumping happily, and, their mother is watching them quietly.
C. They are running and jumping happily, and their mother is watching them quietly.
They are running and jumping happily and, their mother is watching them quietly
Which of the following sentences contains a compound subject?
هنا يطلب اي من الجمل تحتوي على اكثر من مبتدا او اكثر من فاعل
A. Francisco and Maria watch a movie every Saturday.
B. Francisco watches a movie every Saturday.
C. Maria watches a movie every Saturday.
D. Francisco watches a movie and plays tennis every Saturday.
Use the words and form meaningful statements. Always use the expression of time at the end of the sentence.
نستخدم عبارات الوقت في نهاية كل جمله
Example: goes / to school / every morning / Andy
Answer: Andy goes to school every morning.
امثله
1) take / photos / they / every Monday
They take photos every Monday.
2) goes / every day / she / to school
She goes to school everyday.
3) football / Eric / after school / plays
Eric plays football afterschool.
) is making / he / at the moment / breakfast
He is making breakfast at the moment.
5) to the club / the girls / go / on Saturdays
The girls go to the club on Saturdays.
6) o'clock / school / at / 8 / starts
School starts at 8 o'clock.
7) Tuesday / the boys / their bikes / ride / every
The boys ride their bikes every Tuesday.
8) I / home / going / am / now
I am going home now.
9) Simon / on Fridays / the dishes / washes
Simon washes the dishes on Fridays.
10) are / questions / we / answering / the / now
We are answering the questions now.