The phonemic principle:
1- Two or more sounds are realizations of the same phoneme if:
(a) they are in complementary distribution
and
(b) they are phonetically similar
2- two or more sounds are realizations of different phonemes if:
(a) they are in parallel (overlapping) distribution
and
(b) they serve to signal a semantic contrast.
هذا من المحاضرة الحادية عشر.. اللي فاهمها ياليت يشرحها..
وجزاكم الله خير لكل اللي شاركوا