2014- 5- 18
|
#217
|
|
:: المراقب العام ::
الساحة العامة
|
رد: مذاكرة جماعية لمادة اللغة وتقنية المعلومات
اقتباس:
المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة خالد الحنون
Evaluation can be done purely individually, subjectively, globally and introspectively. I.e. the teacher simply.....
......
This could be described as the global 'expert judgment' method of evaluation......
الجواب في نظري
D
|
أنا معاك أخوي خالد في هذا الاختيار, وذلك حسب المحتوى
أما الـ empirical judgment فهو عندما نقوم بأخذ رأي المستخدمين سواء كانوا طلاب أو مدرسين وذلك عن طريق استبيانات وخلافه
اقتباس:
Methods of evaluation (B): Empirical evaluation
Other methods of evaluation generally require much more work, and for the materials to have been used for some
time by learners/in actual classes (compare situation 3), so they are oKen firmly fixed in a specific teaching/learning
situation (b). However, they do move away from the purely introspective approach. These are the ones that
incorporate activities that are just like those we would otherwise regard as typical of regular empirical 'research' -
measurement, surveys etc. I.e. they may entail using questionnaires and interviews, systematically observing,
eliciting 'think-aloud' data from software users, or testing users. They may mean doing 'studies' (experimental or
not) comparing the success of one material against another and so forth, or indeed doing 'action research' with
CALL. (See Chapelle, Jamieson and Park 1996 in ed. Pennington The Power of CALL for an overview of types of
empirical research done on CALL classified by the kinds of methods used; and Chapelle 2001 pp66-94 for a more
detailed coverage, in relation to CALL tasks of the more communicative type, and classic SLA research issues looked
at in CALL)
In themselves these 'research' type activities are non-evaluative, in the sense considered here (except action
research). They are best seen as scientific means of gathering facts and testing hypotheses which can then either
remain as cold statements of fact about what the effectiveness of the materials is or what people's opinions about
them are, or be exploited for practical ends as part of an evaluation exercise - i.e. to make decisions like those
described at the start.
Examples are:
Doing a survey of teachers and/or learners who have used the material and finding out how they use it, their
difficulties, attitudes to the interest and usefulness of the content, tasks etc. Checklists can come in here again. E.g.
one can base a questionnaire to users around the same set of (a) and (b) points that might otherwise be the points
one asks oneself about in A above.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|