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KBJ911 · 2014- 12- 24

اقتباس:

1.Catford (1965): defines translation as “the replacement of textual material in one language SL by equivalent textual material in another language TL”.

2.Newmark(1982): defines it as “a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language”.

3.Bell (1991) mentions two views:

§one looks at it as an ‘art’ especially when the scholars of last century were preoccupiedwith the translation of literary text as a pastime ;

§and another looks at it as a ‘profession’ where the majority of translators are professionals engagedin making a living rather than a pastime. This is mainly clear in the translation of technical, medical, legal and administrative texts.

التعريف للترجمة حسب العلماء ----للتفريق بينهم

catford======textual material
newmark==message
bell======art + profession