99-renaissance humanists was emerged in ……… and spread in the rest of Europe
100-they call themself humanist because they want to investigate important question from human prospective
101-Renaissance humanists realised that the Latin they spoke and inherited from the Middle Ages was ……. from classical Latin
102-language was divinely instituted, and the connection of words and things and the rules of grammar were not arbitrary this saying belong …….
103-By the 1440s, Italian humanists established the fact that meaning in language is created by ……….. and shaped by history,
104-for the lessons of Rome to be properly grasped, humanists advocated ………
a- the revival of ancient Latin
b- the revival of ancient Greeks
105-. The central tactic in the attack on the monopoly of Latin was the production of grammar books for the vernacular.
106-Jacques Peletier (in R. Waswo) said “What sort of nation are we, to speak perpetually with the mouth of another?” he refers to use …….
107-they developed the new European Language in imitation of Latin, by…….
a-invent new vocabulary and grammar rules
b-appropriating the vocabulary, grammar rules and stylistic features of Latin into the vernaculars
108-“how the Latin tongue became abundant by deriving many words from the Greek this saying belong …..
109-Cicero, Horace, Quintilian and Seneca, European writers also insisted that imitation should lead to ………, at least in principle
110-………. was the champion of Latin imitation. He advised his contemporaries to heed Seneca’s advice
111-…………(1512) said that first “we should imitate the one who is best of all.” Then he added “we should imitate in such a way that we strive to overtake him.” Once the model is overtaken, “all our efforts should be devoted to surpassing him.”
112-……….. stressed that the imitative product should not be “the same as the ones we imitate, but to be similar to them in such a way that the similarity is scarcely recognised except by the learned.”
113-……….. started his Arte Poetica (1551) with the command: “direct your eyes, with mind intent, upon the famous examples of the ancient times.”
114-a slight variation of expression and meaning “is necessary to make one a poet.” This saying belong...
115-…………: said in his Discorsi (1554) that after patient study of “good” authors, the writer would find that “imitation [would] change into nature”, that his work would resemble the model not as a copy but “as father is to son.”
116-the terms of the imitation discussions in Italy were almost a carbon copy of Roman discussions, the terms of the French debate, with minor variations, were also almost a carbon copy of the Italian debate
117-despoil” Rome and “pillage” Greece “without conscience.” This saying belong ……
118-The humanists were not philosophers. They were a……..
a-class of professional teachers
b-class of professional writers