lecture 2 part 1
1) what did All children's literature begin with?
spoken stories, songs, and poems
2)In the beginning, the same tales that adults enjoy were created specifically to do what ?
educate, instruct, and entertain children
3)In the final stage, literature for children became established as what ?
a separate category from literature for adults and acquires its own genres, divisions, expectations, and canon
4) what is the development of children's literature is influenced by?
the social, educational, political, and economic resources of the country or ethnic group
Before 50 BC
5) what did the earliest written folk-type tales include?
the Panchatantra from India, which was composed about 200 AD
6) what may be "the world's oldest collection of stories for children?
the Panchatantra
7)some scholars believe that panchatantrawas actually intended for?
adults
8)what was India's Jatakas about?
Buddha
9) which one of theses stories would have been enjoyed by children?
those where Buddha takes the shape of an animal
10) what other stories have been traced back to before 50 bc ?
The source stories for The Arabian Nights
11) what is an example of an oral story that would've been enjoyed by children?
The Asurik Tree, which dates back at least 3,000 years in Persia
12) when did the great ancient Greek poet Homer live?
sometime between 1200 BC and 600 BC
13) who is the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey?
Homer
14) what did Homer's work contributed to?
the development of all Western literature, including children's literature
15) what did Hesiod do Between 750 and 650 BC,?
tell stories that became a major source of Greek mythology.
50 BC to AD 500
16) In Imperial China what did children attended?
public events with their parents, where they would listen to the complicated tales of professional storytellers
17) what were the stories accompanied by ?
drums, cymbals, and other traditional instruments
18) what else dod they watch ?
the plays performed at festivals and fairs
19) were they specifically intended for children?
no but the elaborate costumes, acrobatics, and martial arts held even a young child's interest
20) what ere Smaller gatherings accompanied by?
puppet shows and shadow plays
21) what did The stories often explain?
the background behind the festival, covering folklore, history, and politics
22) when did Storytelling reach its peak?
during the Song Dynasty from 960-1279 AD
23) what was this traditional literature used for?
instruction in Chinese schools until the 20th century
24) Greek and Roman literature from this age is thought to contain what ?
"nothing that could be considered a children's book in the sense of a book written to give pleasure to a child
25) what would children have enjoyed listening to?
stories such as the Odyssey and Aesop’s Fables
500-1400
26)the Panchatantra was translated from what to what and when ?
Sanskrit into Kannada in 1035 AD
27) what was the first children's book in Urdu?
Pahelian by the Indian poet Amir Khusrow
28) what did he write ?
poems and riddles for children in the 1200s-1300s
29) what brought with it tales known as Journey to the West?
Buddhism
30) how many schools of thought about children and European Medieval literature are there?
two
31) what did the first developed from?
the writings of Philippe Ariès in the 1960s
children at this time were not viewed as greatly different from adults, they were not given significantly different treatment
32) those holding this point of view see no evidence of what ?
children's fiction as such existing in Europe during the Middle Ages
33) but what do they recognize?
that instructional texts in Latin were written specifically for children, by clerics like the Venerable Bede
One claim that just because a culture does not view childhood as modern Western societies do, does not mean children's literature cannot develop there