تحليل الخطاب
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a single definition
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a committee meeting Or the language
we use (our committee ways of talking and interacting)? Is this a“committee meeting” because we are speaking and acting this way, or are we speaking and acting this way because this is a committee
meeting
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different ways of thinking ,acting ,valuing and feeling
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or a single individual a group
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it is very problematic while in order to be considered a real indian one must able to make some claimes to kinship with others who are recognized a real indians, this by no means settles the matter
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it is recognition
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own distinctive grammar
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historic
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Gee summarizes the two types of meaning that heargued, A situated meaning is an image or pattern that we assemble“on the spot” as we communicate in a given context, based on ourconstrual of that context and on our past experiences (Agar 1994;Barsalou 1991, 1992; Clark 1993; Clark 1996; Hofstadter 1997; Kress 1985, 1996; Kress and van Leeuwen 1996). In Chapter 3, I used theexample of the following two utterances: “The coffee spilled, get amop”; “The coffee spilled, get a broom” (p. 48). In the first case,triggered by the word “mop” in the context, you assemble a situatedmeaning something like “Discourse Analysisrk liquid we drink” for“coffee”;
in the second case, triggered by the word “broom” and yourexperience of such matters, you assemble either a situated meaningsomething like “grains that we make our coffee from” or like “beansfrom which we grind coffee.” Of course, in a real context, there aremany more signals as how to go about assembling situated meaningsfor words and phrases.
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is the life blood out of which institutions, such as distinctive types of
schools, hospitals, businesses, industries, government agencies,
political parties, street gangs, academic disciplines, colleges or college
classrooms, and so on and so forth through a nearly endless list, are
created. Institutions, in turn, create forces (e.g. laws, disciplinary
procedures, apprenticeships, etc.) that ensure the repetition and
ritualization of the situations that sustain them. Studying the way in
which situations produce and reproduce institutions, and are, in turn,
sustained by them, is an important part of discourse
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Had the exchange opened with “What’s YOUR problem?,” the situation would have been construed quitedifferently.As we saw before, we face, then, a chicken and egg question: Which comesfirst? The situation or the language? This question reflects an important reciprocity between language and “reality”:language simultaneously reflects reality (“the way things are”) and constructs (construes) it to be a certain way
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a monolingual
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social
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A discourse analysis is based on the details of speech (and gaze and gesture and action) that are arguably deemed relevant in the context where the speech was used and that are relevant to the arguments the analyst is attempting to make
While it is certainly wise to begin one’s analysis by transcribing for more detail than may in the end be relevant, ultimately it is the purposes of the analyst that determine how narrow or broad the transcript must be