^
سبحان الله كيف وانا اذاكرها انجلد بينما بعد ما اكتبها تبان قصيره وكيوت كذا


تابع x Roland Barthes :The Death of the Author




:x From ‘Work’ to ‘Text

x According to Roland Barthes, it is language that speaks and not the author who no longer
determines meaning. Consequences: We no longer talk about works but texts

x Roland Barthes :(It is now known that a text is not a line of words realising a single
‘theological’ meaning (the ‘message’ of the Author-God) but a multi-dimensional space in which
a variety of writings, none of them original, blend and clash. The text is a tissue of quotations
drawn from the innumerable centres of culture

x Roland Barthes : (The text is plural, “a tissue of quotations,” a woven fabric with citations,
references, echoes, cultural languages, that signify FAR MORE than any authorial intentions. It is
this plurality that needs to be stressed and it can only be stressed by eliminating the function of
the author and the tyranny of the author from the reading process.



: x From Author to Reader

x Barthes wants literature to move away from the idea of the author in prder to discover the
reader, and more importantly, in order to discover writing. A text is not a message of an
author; it is “a multidimensional space where a variety of writings, none of them original, blend
and clash.” A text is made of multiple writings, drawn from many cultures and entering into
mutual relations of dialogue, parody, contestation, but there is one place where this multiplicity
is focused and that place is the reader, not, as was hitherto said, the author.


x it is the reader (not the author) that should be the focus of interpretation. The process of
signification that a text carries are realized concretely at the moment of reading.



: x From Author to Scriptor

x The Author, when believed in, is always conceived of as the past of his own book: book and
author stand automatically on a single line divided into a before and an after.
x The Author is thought to nourish the book, which is to say that he exists before it, thinks
suffers, lives for it, is in the same relation of antecedence to his work as a father to his child.
xIn complete contrast, the modern scriptor is born simultaneously with the text, is in no way
equipped with a being preceding or exceeding the writing, is not the subject with the book as
predicate; there is no other time than that of the enunciation and every text is eternally written
here and now, at the moment it is read



: x The Modern Scriptor