2008- 6- 16
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#383
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استاذة بكلية الخفجي
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رد: ...(صفحة المساعدات)..
هـــــــــذه مسرحيــــــــه (2) الملزمه,,
Drama (2):
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Key Facts:
*GENRE: comedy.
*TONE: comic, romantic, tragic.
*PROTAGONIST: there is no clear protagonist. Antonio is the merchant of the play's title, but he plays a relatively passive role. The major struggles of the play are Bassanio's quest to marry portia and his attempt to free Antonio from Shylock.
*MAJOR CONFLICT: Antonio defaults on a loan he borrowed from Shylock, wherein he promises to sacrifice a pound of flesh.
*RISING ACTION: Antonio's ships, the only means by which he can pay off his debt to Shylock, are reported lost at sea.
*THEMES: self-interest versus love; the divine quality of mercy; hatred as a cyclical phenomenon.
*MOTIFS: The law; cross-dressing; filial piety.
*SYMBOLS: The pound of flesh; leah's ring; the three caskets.
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*what are the two major stories in the first scene?
1):The bond:
when Antonio borrowed money from Shylock to give it to Bassanio and wrote his bond with the condition that Shylock put on and Antonio's agree which said that if Antonio didn't pay bad Shylock's mony in 3 months, Shylock has the right to cut a pound of flesh from whatever part of Antonio's body.
2):The caskets:
portia's father put a will at the time of his death that the one who should marry his daughter should make a correct choice to a casket from three made of gold, silver and lead. In each there is lines of verse tell weather the one who chooses it win or lose. who chooses the golden one loses because he depends only on the appearances of things also the one who chooses the silver one but the one who chooses the lead concerns on the reality things.
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Theme:
1):Jew's desire for revenge (from the Christians) will not end and try to do this with all possible impossible ways they may found.
2):Love didn't depend on choosing equals like portia when she married Bassanio.
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Catostrophy:
*on the end we enjoyed having three happy pairs of married people.
Jessica and Lorenzo
Portia and Bassanio
Nerissa and Gratiano.
*Shylock become a Christian and loses all of his money which his daughter took.
*Right returned back to Bassanio and Cratiano in a happy moment.
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The characters:
Antonio:
He is a major character, a good on a rich merchant of venice, he is sad in mind but cannot tell why maybe because he has a lot to know about his friend are Basanio, salerio and Solanio but the closer to him was Bassanio. Bassanio tells Antonio about his planes to go across the sea and woo a rich girl called portia Antonio is very willing to lend him money for the journey, but his own fourture is not at the moment a vailable it is in the trading ships at sea so he borrow some ,he is a good friend and sacrifice his life for money from Shylock the Jewish (a money lender) who didn't like him because Antonio (the Christian) often insulted him for being Jewish and has lost him business by lending out money freely whereas Shylock charges interest.
Shylock agrees to lend Bassanio money but on one he will have the right to cut a pound of flesh from because he is a good rind and he seroics.
*Antonio said that the world is like a stage and every man has his own part in this life and sadness is Antonio's own part in this life.(this means that he is a wise man)
*Antonio appears to be intolerant, narrow-minded and callous man when he insisted to insult Shylock again and again.
*Antonio was very confidient of himself and his business that he could pay back the money to Shylock.
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Shylock:
He is a major character, a bad one he shares with Antonio the central place in the play. it is to him that the title refers. He is rich know to lend people money but with interes. He is a jew who lend Bassanio the money he needs for his trip. Shylock thinks over the propose with great care. Shylock hates Antonio for being a christian and for lending people money without interest. the condition he put on the loan expresses how much he hates Antonio and found it a way to revenge. He also loses his daughter to a Christian lover and his servant.
He rages moreover the loss of the money Jessica has taken than over is daughter herself. he was pleased when he hears the jews that Antonio may have lost some ships on which all money are on. He is not interested in taking his money Shylock but only in taking Antonio's flesh if the day comes and greed man couldn't pay the loan back.
He is faithful to his race and for it suffered much it even from the gentle Antonio in the court he is robbed his legal right to take the pound of flesh from Antonio by a trick of words hasn't any place in a fair syste of justice. but we know that he made an inhuman agreement which no one would have accepl.
*He is also a suspicious and Shrewed when he ordered his daughter to look after and guerd the house and not to open doors or windows of the house.
*on the end he become a christian he loses money which turns to Jessica so Shylock at the end appears as a tragic hero.
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Themes:
- Merchants like Antonio lend money free of interest and put themselves at risk for those they love, whereas Shylock agonizes over the loss of his money and is reported to run through the streets crying,
- Some human relationships do indeed matter to Shylock more than money. Moreover, his insistence that he have a pound of flesh rather than any amount of money shows that his resentment is much stronger than his greed.
- Finally, Shylock eloquently argues that Jews are human beings just as Christians are, but Christians such as Antonio hate Jews simply because they are Jews.
- The conflict between Shylock and the Christian characters comes to a head over the issue of mercy.
- Shylock asks Portia what could possibly compel him to be merciful, Portia’s long reply,
- Human beings should be merciful because God is merciful:
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Motifs:
1):The law.
2): Cross-dressing
- Twice in the play, daring escapes are executed with the help of cross-dressing. Jessica of Shylock’s house by dressing as a page, while Portia and Nerissa rescue Antonio by posing as officers of the Venetian court. This device was not only familiar to Renaissance drama, but essential to its performance.
- Shakespeare was a great fan of the potentials of cross-dressing and used the device often, especially in his comedies. But Portia reveals that the donning of men’s clothes is more than mere comedy.
- She feels confident that she can outwit any male competitor, declaring.
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Symbols:
1):The three caskets.
2):The pound of flesh.
3):Lwah's Rinh.>>th rings given to Shylock in his bachelor days by a woman named Leah.
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