ملتقى طلاب وطالبات جامعة الملك فيصل,جامعة الدمام - عرض مشاركة واحدة

رحلة عمر · 2010- 9- 19

هذي ملازم التفريغ

We have the restoration period. Writings in the restoration period were censoredمراقبة. Censorshipالرقابة means that they are following the writers.
Love theme was considered to be a matter of sinخطيئة. It was The Puritan Period. Then we have the Restoration- Dryden period
Heroic couplets came = two lines that rhyme together.
The subject matter was not man to man relationship or God to man relationship. In the restoration period it is more of scientific issuesقضايا. They had the Royal Society, discoveries. Writers at that time wrote scientific logical issues. They did not want to write about their country, to write about their emotionsمشاعر no more. They wanted to write about political and scientific issues. They wanted to write about reality. They wanted to address يخاطبreason- the head not the heart. Logicالمنطق controlled all forms of writing. They did not want to write about nature.
Now, early 19th century poets, we have a new controversialجدلي reversicalعكسي moment. Now, they are back to the country life, they are back to love, back to emotions. The language was not the restoration heroic couplet. It is a natural flowing متدفقlanguage. The early 19th century poets are the Romantic Poets. They would appreciate يقدرanything even a plant or a bird, the sun rise, the clouds.
William Wordsworth and Coleridge are romantic poets. Both of them joined together and wrote the Lyrical Ballads- this book initiatedبدأ the Romantic period. The ideas in this book are full of romantic language. It inspiredالهم other poets who came after them and tried to imitate يقلدColeridge and Wordsworth. They poets lived at Northwest of England – near to a lakeبحيرة. That is why they call them the Lake Poets.
These two poets appreciatedيقدر nature and wrote many poems about nature.
Romanticism besidesبالإضافة إلى writing about nature, form, beside the use of normal and natural language, usually the romantic poets love to go to the past. They find release, comfort in the past. They find that nostalgic الشعور بالحنين إلى الوطنfeeling. They enjoy contemplatingيتأمل their past memoriesذكريات.
Wordsworth and Coleridge loved nature. They are similar but still they are different some way. Wordsworth likes to present nature, while Coleridge likes to look for mysterious غامضthings= magicalسحرى.
They supposed that the language of poetry should be the language of a farmer, it should be apprehendedيفهم= understood by everybody even workers.
In this period- early 19th century period, they are not using heroic couplets any more. They stopped using this complex restoration language. They used more natural language.
Coleridge has certain characteristics in his poetry. He came through charm, mysterious غامضobjects. Coleridge wrote The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. It tells about a mariner = sailorبحار who was traveling in the sea. He was an arrogant مغرورperson. He did not appreciate يقدرanything around him. During his voyageرحلة بحرية, he killed an albatross= a bird, a curse لعنةfell on the ship because of this action. He killed the bird for nothing, just for the enjoyment of killing. The wind stopped. They had no water to drink. The ship stopped and they remained ظلthere for a long time. Other members of the ship died out of thirstعطش. The only one who lived was the ancient mariner. He should suffer the consequencesعواقب of killing the bird. He stayed there for many days. In one night, he saw some of the sea creatures مخلوقاتon the ship. He started to appreciate the creation of God. As a result, the ship moved and he was able to go back home.
The idea of this poem is a new one. It is a mysterious idea. We have more than one moral اخلاقىlesson= to appreciate God's creation- to study our action. There is mystery غموضand magicسحر in this poem.
He wrote another poem "Christabel" . It was not finished. There is mystery and magic in this poem. Christabel has been wondering in the wood and he found a beautiful and charming lady Geraldine. She told him that she is the daughter of his father's friend who has quarreledيتشاجر with him. He took her home. He found that she was not a beautiful lady but she was an evil spiritروح شريرة in the form of a lady.
It is a very nice poem. It is one of the most popular English poems in the 19th century.
He wrote "Kubla Khan". It is another poem. There is magic. Coleridge did not finish writing it. When he wrote this poem he was reading about Kubla Khan's city in Xanadu- on waking he knew that he had a dream about that wonderful place- the views, the deserts. During that dream, he dreamt about hundred of rhymes of poetry- as if in his dream he was composingيألف- as if someone had inspired الهمhim. When he woke up, he immediately began to write down everything. Unluckily, he was interrupted يقاطعand he forgot the rest of the poem – after writing hundreds of lines.
The Lyrical Ballads was the joint work between Coleridge and Wordsworth. Wordsworth wrote more than half of the book. They consider his part to be larger than Coleridge's part.
Wordsworth wrote in" Lines Written on Tintern Abbey" the poet returns to a scene of his childhood, sits under a tree, and looks at the lovely views which he used to remember far awayبعيد.
He also wrote one of his best sonnets- "Westminster Bridge" – an emotional view of London asleep.
He wrote "London" . it is a cry for help in the troubles of the world.
· The Daffodils
· The Solitary Reaper
· Lucy
· Ode on Intimations of Immortality. It is longer and more important . The poet finds a basis of faith in memories of childhood. He finds comfort in the past- in remembering the memories of his childhood. In this poem he stresses that the daily life activities should not hide our perceptionأدرك to the value قيمةof heavenالجنة.
· He published "The Prelude " it is a long book meant to be divided into four themes- records of poems. In these part he records his day of childhood- his travel to France- Italy- his life in France during the French Revolution . He witnessedشهد the revolution.
· "The Excursion" is written in nine books, is the middle part a great philosophical work which he planned but never completed. It has some of his philosophical فلسفىideas.

*George Gordon - Lord Byron
He was a romantic figure. He liked to travel a lot. His poetry was much influenced يتأثرby the classical form of Pope. He wrote a quantity كميةof poems. He liked to imitate the classical writers- Alexander Pope- Dryden- he wrote the form of the heroic couplets and the Spenserian stanza – they say that the language he used- the words he used do not have connotativeمعنى دلالى meanings= deep meanings.Words mean what they mean- the denotative معنى قاموسىonly. There is no deep meaning- no metaphorical meaning. Words are very simple. He says what he wants to say directly.
He wrote a number of poems:
· "Childe Harlod". It is about someone who goes off to travel far to travel because he was fed upزهق, because he is disgusted قرفwith life's foolish pleasures . In this poem, he uses the Spenserian stanza. Lord Byron himself, the different places that he visits give him an opportunity فرصةwhat once happened in them.
· "The Giaour"= the Christian. It is about a slave Leila- who is thrown into the sea by her master Hassan. In revenge انتقامher lover Giaour, kills Hassan.
· "The Bride of Abydos" .it is a tragic love story. It is written in heroic couplet. It is a story of love fighting يحاربdeath .
· The Corsair and Lara " It is written in heroic couplet. It is a story of love fighting death .
· "Don Juan "it is a famous poem. It tells the story of a ship wreck. It is meant to be a satire against his enemy- it was a cover to attackيهاجم his enemies.
· "The Assyrian Came Down"- a number of short poems which are popularشائع.
He died of feverحمى before he was forty.

Percy Bysshe Shelly

He was a sensitive poet. He revoltedثار against any given facts, he was an atheistملحد. He believed only in nature. He believed that all the answers to the human beings can be found in nature.

He wrote a number of poems:
· "Alastar-or- The Spirit of Solitude " it is written in blank verse. He was influenced by Wordsworth. It expresses the sorrows of the violentعنيف feelings of men.
· "The Revolt of Islam" it is a cry of impatienceعدم صبر at the cruelty قسوةof the world. It is too long- 5000 lines. It is written in the Spenserian stanza.
· The Cenic a shockingصادم but honest tragedy= a play It has some dramatic power
· Prometheus Unbound " it is another play= poetic play on the Greek model. It deals with human struggle, against the power of falseزائف gods. The language is dull but the lyricغنائى is beautiful.
· "Adonais" is one of his best poems. It is an elegy- written to lamentيرثى the death of his friend Keats.
· One of his finest sonnets "Ozymandias"
· "The Cloud"
· "Ode to the West Wind". It gives expression to his wild and free imagination.
Shelly died early- at the age of 29- he was drownedغرق.

John Keats

· His early poem "Endymion"it is in 4 books. It is based يعتمدon old ideas : the old gods, the love of the moon goddess for a Shepherdراعى- Venus and Adonis. It was violentlyبعنف criticized انتقدbut he did not lose faith ثقة- ايمانin himself.
· " Lamia" in which a snake is changed into a beautiful lady.
· Isabella. It is taken from a story in Baccaccio's Decameron.
(Read the story page 98). There is similarityتشابه between Keats and Coleridge.
· "The Eve of Saint Agnes" . it is built on the idea that at night girls may see their lovers in dreams.
· "Hyperion"it is not finished.
· "Ode on a Grecian Urn"
· "To a Nightingale"
· "To Autumn"
· " La Belle Dame Sans Merci" a good ballad.

Keats died at the age of 26 of tuberculosisالدرن.

A less important poet Robert Southey

He wrote immense amount of prose and verse. His poems often told a story and were set in far wayبعيد lands. Among the shorter poems are ' the Incheape Rock" and " the Battle of Blenheim" his prose " Life of Nelson"

2010- 9- 19	#8
رحلة عمر أكـاديـمـي ذهـبـي الملف الشخصي: رقم العضوية : 17627 تاريخ التسجيل: Fri Jan 2009 المشاركات: 923 الـجنــس : أنـثـى عدد الـنقـاط : 329 مؤشر المستوى: 79 بيانات الطالب: الكلية: كلية الاداب بالدمام الدراسة: انتظام التخصص: English literature المستوى: المستوى الخامس	رد: رحلة عمر بلييز تفضلي هذي ملازم التفريغ We have the restoration period. Writings in the restoration period were censoredمراقبة. Censorshipالرقابة means that they are following the writers. Love theme was considered to be a matter of sinخطيئة. It was The Puritan Period. Then we have the Restoration- Dryden period Heroic couplets came = two lines that rhyme together. The subject matter was not man to man relationship or God to man relationship. In the restoration period it is more of scientific issuesقضايا. They had the Royal Society, discoveries. Writers at that time wrote scientific logical issues. They did not want to write about their country, to write about their emotionsمشاعر no more. They wanted to write about political and scientific issues. They wanted to write about reality. They wanted to address يخاطبreason- the head not the heart. Logicالمنطق controlled all forms of writing. They did not want to write about nature. Now, early 19th century poets, we have a new controversialجدلي reversicalعكسي moment. Now, they are back to the country life, they are back to love, back to emotions. The language was not the restoration heroic couplet. It is a natural flowing متدفقlanguage. The early 19th century poets are the Romantic Poets. They would appreciate يقدرanything even a plant or a bird, the sun rise, the clouds. William Wordsworth and Coleridge are romantic poets. Both of them joined together and wrote the *Lyrical Ballads- this book initiatedبدأ the Romantic period. The ideas in this book are full of romantic language. It inspiredالهم other poets who came after them and tried to imitate يقلدColeridge and Wordsworth. They poets lived at Northwest of England – near to a lakeبحيرة. That is why they call them the Lake Poets. These two poets appreciatedيقدر nature and wrote many poems about nature. Romanticism besidesبالإضافة إلى writing about nature, form, beside the use of normal and natural language, usually the romantic poets love to go to the past. They find release, comfort in the past. They find that nostalgic الشعور بالحنين إلى الوطنfeeling. They enjoy contemplatingيتأمل their past memoriesذكريات. Wordsworth and Coleridge loved nature. They are similar but still they are different some way. Wordsworth likes to present nature, while Coleridge likes to look for mysterious غامضthings= magicalسحرى. They supposed that the language of poetry should be the language of a farmer, it should be apprehendedيفهم= understood by everybody even workers. In this period- early 19th century period, they are not using heroic couplets any more. They stopped using this complex restoration language. They used more natural language. Coleridge* has certain characteristics in his poetry. He came through charm, mysterious غامضobjects. Coleridge wrote *The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. It tells about a mariner = sailorبحار who was traveling in the sea. He was an arrogant مغرورperson. He did not appreciate يقدرanything around him. During his voyageرحلة بحرية, he killed an albatross= a bird, a curse لعنةfell on the ship because of this action. He killed the bird for nothing, just for the enjoyment of killing. The wind stopped. They had no water to drink. The ship stopped and they remained ظلthere for a long time. Other members of the ship died out of thirstعطش. The only one who lived was the ancient mariner. He should suffer the consequencesعواقب of killing the bird. He stayed there for many days. In one night, he saw some of the sea creatures مخلوقاتon the ship. He started to appreciate the creation of God. As a result, the ship moved and he was able to go back home. The idea of this poem is a new one. It is a mysterious idea. We have more than one moral اخلاقىlesson= to appreciate God's creation- to study our action. There is mystery غموضand magicسحر in this poem. He wrote another poem "Christabel"* . It was not finished. There is mystery and magic in this poem. Christabel has been wondering in the wood and he found a beautiful and charming lady Geraldine. She told him that she is the daughter of his father's friend who has quarreledيتشاجر with him. He took her home. He found that she was not a beautiful lady but she was an evil spiritروح شريرة in the form of a lady. It is a very nice poem. It is one of the most popular English poems in the 19th century. He wrote *"Kubla Khan".* It is another poem. There is magic. Coleridge did not finish writing it. When he wrote this poem he was reading about Kubla Khan's city in Xanadu- on waking he knew that he had a dream about that wonderful place- the views, the deserts. During that dream, he dreamt about hundred of rhymes of poetry- as if in his dream he was composingيألف- as if someone had inspired الهمhim. When he woke up, he immediately began to write down everything. Unluckily, he was interrupted يقاطعand he forgot the rest of the poem – after writing hundreds of lines. The Lyrical Ballads was the joint work between Coleridge and Wordsworth. Wordsworth wrote more than half of the book. They consider his part to be larger than Coleridge's part. Wordsworth wrote in" *Lines Written on Tintern Abbey"* the poet returns to a scene of his childhood, sits under a tree, and looks at the lovely views which he used to remember far awayبعيد. He also wrote one of his best sonnets- *"Westminster Bridge"* – an emotional view of London asleep. He wrote *"London" . it is a cry for help in the troubles of the world. · The Daffodils* · *The Solitary Reaper* · *Lucy* · *Ode on Intimations of Immortality.* It is longer and more important . The poet finds a basis of faith in memories of childhood. He finds comfort in the past- in remembering the memories of his childhood. In this poem he stresses that the daily life activities should not hide our perceptionأدرك to the value قيمةof heavenالجنة. · He published "The Prelude " it is a long book meant to be divided into four themes- records of poems. In these part he records his day of childhood- his travel to France- Italy- his life in France during the *French Revolution* . He witnessedشهد the revolution. · *"The Excursion" is written in nine books, is the middle part a great philosophical work which he planned but never completed. It has some of his philosophical فلسفىideas. *George Gordon - Lord Byron* He was a romantic figure. He liked to travel a lot. His poetry was much influenced يتأثرby the classical form of Pope. He wrote a quantity كميةof poems. He liked to imitate the classical writers- Alexander Pope- Dryden- he wrote the form of the heroic couplets and the Spenserian stanza – they say that the language he used- the words he used do not have connotativeمعنى دلالى meanings= deep meanings.Words mean what they mean- the denotative معنى قاموسىonly. There is no deep meaning- no metaphorical meaning. Words are very simple. He says what he wants to say directly. He wrote a number of poems: · *"Childe Harlod". It is about someone who goes off to travel far to travel because he was fed upزهق, because he is disgusted قرفwith life's foolish pleasures . In this poem, he uses the Spenserian stanza. Lord Byron himself, the different places that he visits give him an opportunity فرصةwhat once happened in them. · "The Giaour"= the Christian. It is about a slave Leila- who is thrown into the sea by her master Hassan. In revenge انتقامher lover Giaour, kills Hassan. · "The Bride of Abydos" .it is a tragic love story. It is written in heroic couplet. It is a story of love fighting يحاربdeath . · The Corsair and Lara "* It is written in heroic couplet. It is a story of love fighting death . · *"Don Juan* "it is a famous poem. It tells the story of a ship wreck. It is meant to be a satire against his enemy- it was a cover to attackيهاجم his enemies. · *"The Assyrian Came Down"-* a number of short poems which are popularشائع. He died of feverحمى before he was forty. *Percy Bysshe Shelly* He was a sensitive poet. He revoltedثار against any given facts, he was an atheistملحد. He believed only in nature. He believed that all the answers to the human beings can be found in nature. He wrote a number of poems: · "*Alastar-or- The Spirit of Solitude* " it is written in blank verse. He was influenced by Wordsworth. It expresses the sorrows of the violentعنيف feelings of men. · "The Revolt of Islam" it is a cry of impatienceعدم صبر at the cruelty قسوةof the world. It is too long- 5000 lines. It is written in the Spenserian stanza. · *The Cenic* a shockingصادم but honest tragedy= a play It has some dramatic power · *Prometheus Unbound "* it is another play= poetic play on the Greek model. It deals with human struggle, against the power of falseزائف gods. The language is dull but the lyricغنائى is beautiful. · *"Adonais" is one of his best poems. It is an elegy- written to lamentيرثى the death of his friend Keats. · One of his finest sonnets "Ozymandias"* · *"The Cloud"* · *"Ode to the West Wind". It gives expression to his wild and free imagination. Shelly died early- at the age of 29- he was drownedغرق. John Keats* · His early poem "Endymion"it is in 4 books. It is based يعتمدon old ideas : the old gods, the love of the moon goddess for a Shepherdراعى- Venus and Adonis. It was violentlyبعنف criticized انتقدbut he did not lose faith ثقة- ايمانin himself. · *" Lamia" in which a snake is changed into a beautiful lady. · Isabella. It is taken from a story in Baccaccio's Decameron.* (Read the story page 98). There is similarityتشابه between Keats and Coleridge. · "*The Eve of Saint Agnes" . it is built on the idea that at night girls may see their lovers in dreams. · "Hyperion"it is not finished. · "Ode on a Grecian Urn"* · "*To a Nightingale" · "To Autumn"* · *" La Belle Dame Sans Merci"* a good ballad. Keats died at the age of 26 of tuberculosisالدرن. A less important poet *Robert Southey* He wrote immense amount of prose and verse. His poems often told a story and were set in far wayبعيد lands. Among the shorter poems are ' the *Incheape Rock"* and *" the Battle of Blenheim"* his prose " Life of Nelson"