2011- 5- 26
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#936
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مشرف قسم اللغة الإنجليزية سابقاً
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رد: مراجعه مادة الادب الانجليزي للاختبار النهائي :: هنا ::
The Italian, or Petrarchan sonnet, named after Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374), the Italian poet
Farewell Love and all thy laws for ever
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The English or Shakespearean sonnet, developed first by Henry Howard,
“Sonnet 138” or “When My Love Swears that She is Made of Truth”
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John Donne and metaphysical poetry
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
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Christopher Marlowe and Sir Walter Raleigh : The Pastoral
The Passionate Shepherd to his Love
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الكلمات بالمحاضره الخامسة
1. prove: test, try out
2. madrigals: poems set to music and sung by two to six voices with
a single melody or interweaving melodies
3. kirtle: dress or skirt
4. myrtle: shrub with evergreen leaves, white or pink flowers, and dark
berries. In Greek mythology, a symbol of love.
5. coral: yellowish red;
6. amber: yellow or brownish yellow
7. swains: country youths.
8. Philomel : the nightingale.
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The Shakespearean Sonnet
Sonnet 55
Not Marble, Nor the Gilded Monuments
السوناتة 73
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بنهايه المحاضره السادسة ذكر هاذي النقطه
The type of Sonnets rhyme schemes :
- abab cdcd efef gg is the Shakespearean rhyme scheme
- abab bcbc cdcd ee is the Spenserian rhyme scheme
- abbaabba cdecde is the Petrarchan rhyme scheme
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On His Blindness
By John Milton (1608-1674)
الكلمات بالمحاضره السابعه
Notes
1. light is spent: This clause presents a double meaning: (a) how I spend my days, (b) how it is that my sight is used up.
2. Ere half my days: Before half my life is over. Milton was completely blind by 1652, the year he turned 44.
3. talent: See Line 3 which is a key to the meaning of the poem.
4. useless: Unused.
5. therewith: By that means, by that talent; with it 6. account: Record of accomplishment; worth
7. exact: Demand, require
8. fondly: Foolishly, unwisely
9. Patience: Milton personifies patience, capitalizing it and having it speak.
10. God . . . gifts: God is sufficient unto Himself. He requires nothing outside of Himself to exist and be happy.
11. yoke: Burden, workload.
12. post: Travel. 13. chide: scold or reproach gently.
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Macbeth
William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
Macbeth Soliloquy: Is This A Dagger
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Edmond Spenser
Sonnet 75
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Christopher Marlowe &
The Professional Playwrights
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Some important Italian Humanists are:
1 - Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494) was an Italian who lived in Florence and who expressed in his writings the belief that there were no limits to what man could accomplish.
2 - Francesco Petrarca, known as Petrarch (1304-1374) was the Father of Humanism, a Florentine who spent his youth in Tuscany and lived in Milan and Venice. He was a collector of old manuscripts and through his efforts the speeches of Cicero and the poems of Homer and Virgil became known to Western Europe. Petrarch's works also led to the rise of people known as Civic Humanists, or those individuals who were civic-minded and looked to the governments of the ancient worlds for inspiration. Petrarch also wrote sonnets in Italian. Many of these sonnets expressed his love for the beautiful Laura. His sonnets greatly influenced other writers of the time.
3 - Leonardo Bruni (1369-1444), who wrote a biography of Cicero, encouraged people to become active in the political as well as the cultural life of their cities. He was a historian who today is most famous for The History of the Florentine Peoples, a 12-volume work. He was also the Chancellor of Florence from 1427 until 1444.
4 - Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375) wrote The Decameron. These hundred short stories were related by a group of young men and women who fled to a villa outside Florence to escape the Black Death. Boccaccio's work is considered to be the best prose of the Renaissance.
5 - Baldassare Castiglione (1478-1529) wrote one of the most widely read books, The Courtier, which set forth the criteria on how to be the ideal Renaissance man. Castiglione's ideal courtier was a well-educated, mannered aristocrat who was a master in many fields from poetry to music to sports -------------------------------
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