ملتقى طلاب وطالبات جامعة الملك فيصل,جامعة الدمام - عرض مشاركة واحدة - نبذة عن مواد سنة أولى + اسماء الكتب + كل اللي تحتاجونه ..... حياآآآكم حبايبي ^_^

سفووجة · 2009- 9- 12

وهذي المحاضرة الأولى للــ chemistry

Atomic structure
* electrons , charged negative ( -re )
* nucleus , charged positive ( +re)
Which a dense central come with in the atom
2000 electrons = 1 proton
Nucleus consisted of proton + neutron
-: nucleus :-
* proton is positive
* neutron is neutral
Atoms are electrically neutral , contains the same = equal number of electrons and protons
Number of protons = atomic number
* electrons levels or orbital's
The electron in the atom are arranged in levels around the nucleus =<
****************ls some times called orbital's or energy level=<
1st level ( nearest to the nucleus )
Can holdup 2 electrons
2nd level :-
Can holdup 8 electrons
3rd level :-
Can holdup 8 electrons
Atomic number ( A ) =
No . of protons = No . of electrons
Mass number ( Z ) =
No . of protons + No . of neutrons
Number of neutrons = mass number ( Z ) – Atomic number ( A )

Mass number of ( C ) = 12
No . of electron = 6
No . of proton = 6
No . of neutron = 12 – 6 = 6

Mass number of ( Li ) = 7
No. of proton = 3
Electron = 3
Neutron = 7 – 3 = 4

Mass number of ( C ) = 13
No . of proton = 6
No . of electron = 6
No . neutron = 13 – 6 = 7

-: isotopes :-
Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons , but different number of neutrons , and have the same chemical reactions
-: chemical formula and chemical name :-
Chemical formula shows the exact number of atoms of each element
Methane CH4
Water H2O
Ethane C2H6
Ammonia NH3
Empirical formula tell us which elements are present and the simplest whole number ratio of their atoms
e.g. CH3 is empirical formula of C2H6
* empirical formula = chemical formula ( in some time ) *
NH3 , HCL , CO , CO2 ,
H2O , H2SO4 , MeOH , CHCL3
-: Naming of compounds :-
Ions 
( + ) loss of e-
( _ ) gain of e-

-: anions ( _ ) :-
Cl2 , chlorine : chloride : Cl –
Br2 , bromine : bromide Br –
I2 , iodine : iodide : I-
O2 , Oxygen : oxide : O -2

-: cations ( + ) :-
Na : sodium , sodium ion : Na +
K : potassium , potassium ion : K+
Mg : magnesium , magnesium ion : Mg+2
Al : aluminum , aluminum ion : Al+3

NaCl
Sodium chloride

دعواتكم لي ولجميع المؤمنين والمؤمنات :praying:

2009- 9- 12	#40
سفووجة أكـاديـمـي فـعّـال الملف الشخصي: رقم العضوية : 10408 تاريخ التسجيل: Tue Aug 2008 العمر: 35 المشاركات: 340 الـجنــس : أنـثـى عدد الـنقـاط : 100 مؤشر المستوى: 75 بيانات الطالب: الكلية: العلوم الطبية التطبيقية	رد: نبذة عن مواد سنة أولى + اسماء الكتب + كل اللي تحتاجونه ..... حياآآآكم حبايبي ^_^ وهذي المحاضرة الأولى للــ chemistry Atomic structure * electrons , charged negative ( -re ) * nucleus , charged positive ( +re) Which a dense central come with in the atom 2000 electrons = 1 proton Nucleus consisted of proton + neutron -: nucleus :- * proton is positive * neutron is neutral Atoms are electrically neutral , contains the same = equal number of electrons and protons Number of protons = atomic number * electrons levels or orbital's The electron in the atom are arranged in levels around the nucleus =< ***************ls some times called orbital's or energy level=< 1st level ( nearest to the nucleus ) Can holdup 2 electrons 2nd level :- Can holdup 8 electrons 3rd level :- Can holdup 8 electrons Atomic number ( A ) = No . of protons = No . of electrons Mass number ( Z ) = No . of protons + No . of neutrons Number of neutrons = mass number ( Z ) – Atomic number ( A ) Mass number of ( C ) = 12 No . of electron = 6 No . of proton = 6 No . of neutron = 12 – 6 = 6 Mass number of ( Li ) = 7 No. of proton = 3 Electron = 3 Neutron = 7 – 3 = 4 Mass number of ( C ) = 13 No . of proton = 6 No . of electron = 6 No . neutron = 13 – 6 = 7 -: isotopes :- Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons , but different number of neutrons , and have the same chemical reactions -: chemical formula and chemical name :- Chemical formula shows the exact number of atoms of each element Methane CH4 Water H2O Ethane C2H6 Ammonia NH3 Empirical formula tell us which elements are present and the simplest whole number ratio of their atoms e.g. CH3 is empirical formula of C2H6 empirical formula = chemical formula ( in some time ) * NH3 , HCL , CO , CO2 , H2O , H2SO4 , MeOH , CHCL3 -: Naming of compounds :- Ions  ( + ) loss of e- ( _ ) gain of e- -: anions ( _ ) :- Cl2 , chlorine : chloride : Cl – Br2 , bromine : bromide Br – I2 , iodine : iodide : I- O2 , Oxygen : oxide : O -2 -: cations ( + ) :- Na : sodium , sodium ion : Na + K : potassium , potassium ion : K+ Mg : magnesium , magnesium ion : Mg+2 Al : aluminum , aluminum ion : Al+3 NaCl Sodium chloride دعواتكم لي ولجميع المؤمنين والمؤمنات :praying:
	التعديل الأخير تم بواسطة BeeB ; 2009- 9- 12 الساعة 03:50 AM