القراءة الهيكلية
أجزاء الكلام :
عند قراءة نص انجليزي لابد أن تعرف نوع الكلمة و وظيفة الكلمة. فالكلمة في الأنجليزية ثمانية أنواع هي :
1. الإسم Noun * * * *
2. الفعل verb * * * * *
3. الصفة Adjective * *
4. الحال أو الظرف adverb
5. الضميرpronoun * * *
6. حروف الجر prepositions *
7. حروف العطف conjunctions *
8. أدوات التعريف *articles *
أدرس النص التالي :
Last week, I went to the theater. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I *did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention . In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. "I can't hear a word". I said angrily. " It's none of your business", the young man said rudely . " This is *a private conversation".
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في هذا النص :
الأسماء nouns مثل:
Week ,theater,seat,play,man,woman,actors,end,word, business, attention. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
الأفعال verbs * *مثل:
Went , had , was, did , enjoy, were sitting, talking, got , could, hear, turned, looked, pay , bear, said, is. * * * * * *
الصفات *adjectives * *مثل:
Last , good, young, angry, private, * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *الأحوال أو الظروف أو الجار و المجرور *adverbs *مثل :
Lastweek , to the theater, very, loudly, round, angrily, in the end, again, rudely, * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
الضمائر pronouns * *مثل :
I, it, me, they, your * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
حروف الجر prepositions * *مثل :
To , behind, at, in, of. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
حروف العطف conjunctions *مثل:
And, or, for. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
أدوات التعريف articles *مثل: a, an, the
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أنواع الجمل
1. الجملة البسيطة *simple sentence
2. الجملة المركبةcompound sentence
3. الجملة المعقدة complex sentence *
4. الفريزاتphrases * * * * * * * *
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