Feeling
Feeling is writer’s emotional attitude towards the subject. It means writer’s attachment or detachment to the subject is feeling. It is an expression. The speaker or writer uses language to express his views. This very language is emotive, poetic and literary also. Here only, rhyme and meter cannot make poetry to be a good, emotion is equally important. Especially in lyric poem, emotion plays vital role.
Tone
Tone refers to attitude of speaker towards his listener. There is a kind of relation between speaker and listener. Since speaker is aware of his relationship with language and with the listener, he changes the level of words as the level of audience changes. It means tone varies from listener to listener.
Intention
Intention is the purpose of speaker. Speaker has certain aim to speak either it is consciously or unctuously. Listener has to understand the speaker's purpose to understand his meaning. If the audience can't understand his purpose the speaker becomes unsuccessful. The intention of author can be found in dramatic and semi- dramatic literature.
There four types of meaning in totality constitute the total meaning of any text. Therefore all utterances can be looked at from four points of view, revealing four kinds of meaning are not easily separated. But they are in dispensable terms for explaining. Basically, the four meaning are interconnected in poetry.
i) Intellectual belief
ii) Emotional belief
,
بعدين شرحت الـ Doctrine of poetry , و ركزت على :
Doctrine in Poetry
Here Richarads talks about the proper way of analyzing the text and what critic and reader should be like. He tends to locate the poem in readers response to it. It means readers analyze the text and respond any poetry from similar judgmental aspects. It shows every reader produces same meaning from same text as the text is organic whole obstacles and barriers the variation of meaning occurs.
His ideas are oriented toward distinguishing the belief of readers from that of the poets. If there occurs contradiction between the belief of readers and the belief of poets, the readers do not get sole meaning from the text. Because of readers’ temperament and personal experience, they don't get same meaning from the text The obstacle that brings variation in meaning is doctrinal belief of readers.
Richards finds two kinds of belief and disbelief
two ways of assumptions :
1- Intellectually
2- Emotionally
In an intellectual belief we weigh an idea based on doctrinal preoccupation, where as an emotional belief is related to the state of mind. He thinks that the good kind of being comes from the blending of the both. Until and unless we are free from beliefs and disbeliefs there comes variation in meaning. But to free our mind from all impurities is not possible. Therefore the reader should be sincere to get single meaning escaping from such obstacles. This sincerity is the way to success. The sincere reader has perfect and genuine mind. To be genuine mind, one should be free from impurities. In this sense the reader should be free from obstruction these obstacles is not possible
وبمعنى ثاني :
1- intellectual belief .
2- emotional belief .
و ركزت بعد على أهتمام ريتشآرد في الـ sincerity .
و بسسس هذي زبدة محآضرة ريتشآرد , ,
ليفيس
شوفي leavis أحسه أسهل كآتب أخذنآه و التكست حقه كآن ينقد الشآعر keats وكآن سهل مره والكلام كله يشبه بعض اعااده وبصيغ غير ,
leavis مآكآن يتبع أي مدرسه ولآ أي منهج بالكتآبه و كتب عن أكثر من نآقد وكآن ينقدهم
he did not write about criticism but he wrote a criticism
و كآن يؤمن ان الادب هو انعكآس للمجتمع وللحيآه الحقيقيه ’ كآن يرفض ان يفصل الفن عن الحياه , وان الفن لازم يحمل رساله اخلاقيه للمجتمع , عشآن كذآ كآن يهآجم الفكتوريان بويتري لانه كان بعييد عن الحياه الحقيقيه وانه كان خيااالي ,
زبدة الـ الكلتشرال أبروتش انه يعكس الحيآه الحقيقه في الادب والفن ,
وكان مهتم بـ close reading of the text ,,
هذي زبدة المحآضره مع د. نجججلآء
what I pasted was typed by Angelika and lost3
Good luck