1- Translation as text
2- Translation as process
3- Translation with links with Social Context

1- Translation as text الترجمة كنص
You need 3 main issues :
1- The concept of equivalence
2- The concept of communicative purpose
3- The concept of style.

q Literary translation studies have traditionally concentrated on source-target text relations.
Theoretical discussions focus on two closely-related issues: equivalence and communicative purpose.
1- In terms of equivalence,the question is whether translators can ever replicate the complex web of stylistic features found in many literary texts.
If not what should translator prioritize? Or should they see the quest for equivalence as senseless and focus instead of communicative effectiveness?
2- In terms of communicative purpose, the question is how far translators should prioritize loyalty to the source writer versus producing a text that works in receptor-genre terms. How fare, for example should they adapt or update?


3- Another concern is the translation of style is important in the context of literature for two reasons.
First it inadvertently defines the writer’s cultural space time’. To a modern Arabic reader, the style of Ibn Qaim AlJawziyah’s مفتاحدارالسعادةsignals that it was written by one of the great scholars who lived in the 8th century of the Hijri Calendar (i.e. in the medieval ages.
Secondly, writers may deliberately use non-standard styles- archaism,dialect or a style idiosyncratic to the writer, for example- to encode their attitude towards the text content, to mark out different voices.
via their own inadvertently signalled stylistic space-time,
via deliberate stylistic choices, or both.