المحاضره الثالثه ::
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v There is no genre of literature that we have today – tragedy, comedy, the different forms of poetry, the short story and even the novel – that the Greeks didn’t develop.
v Yes, Western literature is based on Greek literature, but as the previous lecture showed and as we will see in this lecture, the reality is more complex than that.
v Greek thought influenced, in one way or another, every single literary form that developed in Europe and the West, but the differences between the two cultures remain significant.
v This lecture and the next will look at the two influential Greek thinkers who influenced the development of Western literature and criticism more than any other thinker in history: Plato and Aristotle.
الادب اليوناني والغربي ::
- لايوجد نوع من الادب الموجود اليوم ..التراجيديا,الكوميديا,الاشكال المختلفه من الشعر ,القصه القصيره , وحتى الروايه لم يطورها اليونان من قبل .
- نعم , الادب الغربي بني على الادب اليوناني , لكن كما سبق في المحاضره السابقه وكما سنرى في هذه المحاضره , الواقع اكثر تعقيدا من ذلك .
- الافكار اليونانيه اثرت بشكل او باخر على كل شكل من اشكال الادب تطور في اوروبا والغرب , لكن الفروقات بين هاتين الثقافتين ظلت ملاحظه وموجوده .
- هذه المحاضره والمحاضره المقبله سوف نتناول المفكران النمؤثران اليونانيان الذان اثرا في تطور الادب الغربي والنقد اكثر من أي مفكر اخر في التاريخ : افلاطون وارسطو .
- Plato’s Critique of Poetry
- Extremely influential and extremely misunderstood.
- He wrote dialogues and in every single one, he addressed poetry. He was obsessed with poetry throughout his life. But to the present, Western literature and criticism cannot agree why Plato was so obsessed with poetry? Some critics love him, some hate him, but they all respect him.
- Plato’s most important contributions to criticism appear in his famous dialogue the Republic. Two main ideas appear in this dialogue that have had a lasting influence. The following lecture will present those ideas and then provide some analysis.
- Our interest is in Book III and Book X of the Republic. Two ideas emerge in these two books that have had a lasting influence:
نقد افلاطون للشعر ::
1- مؤثر للغايه وأسيئ فهمه ايضا للغايه .
2- كتب حوارات وفي كل واحد منها كتب شعرا. كان مهووسا بالشعر طوال حياته . لكن حتى الوقت الحاضر , الادب والنقد الغربي لم يتفق على سبب هوس افلاطون بالشعر .بعض النقاد احبه وبعضهم كرهه , لكنهم جميعا احترموه .