ملتقى طلاب وطالبات جامعة الملك فيصل,جامعة الدمام - عرض مشاركة واحدة

فوز.5 · 2012- 12- 27

Text: 6

Muawiya, the founder of Muslim Navy

In spite of their success in driving out Byzantine, it seems that the Muslims recognized that, without a fleet, they were powerless against the enemy ships to which their new provinces were easily accessible. Brought by conquest to the shores of the Mediterranean they had to face the new maritime problems.

As soon as they had conquered the old Phoenician cities and had acquired Egyptian ports, they were quick to realise the vital importance of sea power to a conquering and rapidly expanding empire.They saw what an immense advantage a naval force was their chief adversary, the Byzantine empire. They recognised the seriousness of the situation very quickly and
decided to equip themselves with the same weapons as their enemies used.

The real age of Muslim sea power began with Uthman’s regime. It was Muawiya, who first encouraged the Muslims to undertake maritime activities. He said to have asked Umar’ permission to lead a Naval expedition.The latter obstinately refused and would go no further than order the fortification and garrisoning of the coastal towns. Muawiya, however, insisted so much that Uthman allowed him to carry out a naval enterprise, instructing him to key reinforcements in readiness in coastal areas.

Nevertheless, he stipulated that no man was to be pressed for sea service which was to be on a voluntary basis. In compliance with the Caliph’s order Muawiya, took his wife with him: ‘if thou sailest with thy wife, we allow thee to do so, otherwise not’.

By this time, Syria had come entirely under Muawiya. The revenue, the soldiers and the ships of that powerful kingdom were dedicated to increasing the Empire of the Caliphs. Maritime operations, whether from Egypt, under ‘Abd Allah Abi Sarh or from Syria, under Muawiya, were directed against the Byzantine.

Hostilities were renewed every summer, and eventually, aided naval expeditions, the Muslims extended their conquests, strengthen their borders and lengthened their coastline. The navy has, more than once in the history of Islam, played an important part in the machinery of attack and defence used by the Caliphs.

2012- 12- 27	#34
فوز.5 أكـاديـمـي الملف الشخصي: رقم العضوية : 130711 تاريخ التسجيل: Sun Dec 2012 المشاركات: 24 الـجنــس : أنـثـى عدد الـنقـاط : 50 مؤشر المستوى: 0 بيانات الطالب: الكلية: طالب جامعي الدراسة: انتظام التخصص: طالبة تاريخ المستوى: المستوى السابع	رد: كلمات نصوص اننجليزيه Text: 6 Muawiya, the founder of Muslim Navy In spite of their success in driving out Byzantine, it seems that the Muslims recognized that, without a fleet, they were powerless against the enemy ships to which their new provinces were easily accessible. Brought by conquest to the shores of the Mediterranean they had to face the new maritime problems. As soon as they had conquered the old Phoenician cities and had acquired Egyptian ports, they were quick to realise the vital importance of sea power to a conquering and rapidly expanding empire.They saw what an immense advantage a naval force was their chief adversary, the Byzantine empire. They recognised the seriousness of the situation very quickly and decided to equip themselves with the same weapons as their enemies used. The real age of Muslim sea power began with Uthman’s regime. It was Muawiya, who first encouraged the Muslims to undertake maritime activities. He said to have asked Umar’ permission to lead a Naval expedition.The latter obstinately refused and would go no further than order the fortification and garrisoning of the coastal towns. Muawiya, however, insisted so much that Uthman allowed him to carry out a naval enterprise, instructing him to key reinforcements in readiness in coastal areas. Nevertheless, he stipulated that no man was to be pressed for sea service which was to be on a voluntary basis. In compliance with the Caliph’s order Muawiya, took his wife with him: ‘if thou sailest with thy wife, we allow thee to do so, otherwise not’. By this time, Syria had come entirely under Muawiya. The revenue, the soldiers and the ships of that powerful kingdom were dedicated to increasing the Empire of the Caliphs. Maritime operations, whether from Egypt, under ‘Abd Allah Abi Sarh or from Syria, under Muawiya, were directed against the Byzantine. Hostilities were renewed every summer, and eventually, aided naval expeditions, the Muslims extended their conquests, strengthen their borders and lengthened their coastline. The navy has, more than once in the history of Islam, played an important part in the machinery of attack and defence used by the Caliphs.