2012- 12- 27
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#1355
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أكـاديـمـي ذهـبـي
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رد: last year......old plan group
The New Critics: Their Limitations
In the end, the limitations and short comings of the New Critics as brought out by the censure of die Chicago group may be summed up as follows:
1. The New Critics are not too much pre-occupied with textual analysis. Their excessive pre-occupation with words, images, paradox, irony, etc., makes them forget that the poem is an organic whole. In their pre-occupation with the parts they ignore the beauty of the whole.
2. Their approach is dogmatic and narrow. According to them, it is through Textual study and analyses alone that truth can be arrived at. However, there are a number of other approaches : the historical, the sociological, the psychological, etc., and each has its own value and significance. All possible ways should be tried to arrive at the full truth
about a poem.
3. A work of art has two functions, aesthetic and moral. While the older criticism erred in its over-emphasis on the moral concern of literature, the New Critics go to the other extreme in their entire neglect of it. Art cannot be divorced entirely from life.
4. In their insistence on the objective and scientific study of a work of art, they entirely ignore the reactions of the critic. The subjective element cannot be totally done away with, and the impressions of the critic have their own significance.
5. As T. S. Eliot has pointed out, textual analysis can establish only the literary quality of a work, to determine its greatness other methods are also necessary. Literature is certainly an art-form, but it has other values also, besides the literary.
6. The textual approach may work well with some genres, but it is not equally effective with all genres. There are different kinds of poetry, and different critical techniques are needed for their evaluation. The same technique cannot be effective both with die lyric and the epic.
7. The New Critics are wrong in ignoring the study of the history of literary criticism. A historical study shows that various critical tools have been used effectively in different ages and countries, and their use may be worthwhile in the present also. Thus, for example, the Aristotelian
literary philosophy and poetics may still he of use in evaluation and interpretation. A historical study is the only way of understanding the comparative merits of the rival schools of criticism. The critic must, therefore, master the critical traditions and from among the rival critical techniques choose the one best suited to his purposes.
8. A poem is certainly an artistic structure, and must be studied as such. The understanding of the poetic meaning of a poem is essential and textual and structural study is an effective tool for the purpose. But social and biographical factors may also determine its meaning and a knowledge of them may also help the critic to illuminate the work under study. Hence, the new critic are wrong in totally ignoring the social mi Men of the poet
بنات سوال هذا نفس الموجود بالملزمه عندكم ولالا ؟؟ دعواتكممممممم 
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