Adjectives used only predicatively tend to refer to a temporary condition
Non-restrictive Apposition ثذه غٞش قٍٞذ
e.g. Ahmed Al-Ali, your old friend, is here.
In this example, the first NP “Ahmed Al-Ali” is a proper noun which is unique and does not need modification.
The second NP “your old friend” does not tell us which “Ahmed Al-Ali” is here but only adds information about him.
We call the NP “your old friend” in this example a non-restrictive appositive.
Note: In this type, we use commas before and after the appositive.
A- Restrictive Apposition اىجذه اى قَٞذ
e.g. Your friend Ahmed Al-Ali is here.
In this example, the second NP “Ahmed Al-Ali” restricts the meaning of the first NP “your friend” by giving an answer to the question “Which friend?”
We call the NP “Ahmed Al-Ali” in the previous example a restrictive appositive.
Note: In this type of apposition we do not use commas before and after
the appositive