Introduction to American Literature
1-……….. was a series of British colonies on the east coast of the present-day United States.
2-its literary tradition begins with the tradition of English literature
3-consider …………. to be the first American author, when he wrote The General Historie of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles (1624)
4-……………. was known for his bestselling poem The Day of Doom
5- American literature has a relatively …………. but colorful history
6- The first widely read American author was ……………….
7- ……………. (The Legend of Sleepy Hollow) was the first American to gain an international literary reputation
8- ……….and…………. broke from poetic tradition and brought a sense of individuality to the nation’s literature
a- Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson
b- John Smith and Edward Taylor
9- Most critics hold that the history of American literature can be divided into ……..
10- American literature in its true sense did not begin until ……. Century
11- ……….is literary tradition begins as linked to the broader tradition of English Literature.
12- Colonial American literature is writing that emerged from the original U.S. colonies during the period from ……………
a- 1607 to the late 1700s
b- 1607 to the late 1800s
c- 1600 to the late 1700s
13- Colonial American Literature was created to inform people about ….
a- religious disputes and settlement issues
b- colonial life, religious disputes and settlement issues
14- Many of the characteristics of Colonial American literature can be found in …..
a- the poems, journals, letters, narratives, histories and teaching materials written by settlers
b- journals, letters and narratives
15- One of the major characteristics of Colonial American literature is its historical aspects, which evolved over time during the 400 years since its beginnings. Great figures from American history have also contributed to this genre, such as John Smith and William Penn
16- Colonial American literature is characterized by the narrative, which was used extensively during this period. Most of the literary works of this genre are composed of letters, journals, biographies and memoirs
17- Religion is also another characteristic of Colonial American literature and can be found mostly in ………
18- The Puritans wrote about the religious foundations of many of their settlements, especially the exodus from Britain, and employed the constant theme that God should be worshipped
19- Many of the Puritan works were written in ……… form.
20- Anne Bradstreet's poetry, the "Bay Psalm Book," and Pastor Edward Taylor's "Preparatory Mediations" are good examples of …..... texts of the era
21- when did, the Enlightenment show a great shift in Colonial American literature from a religious foundation to scientific reasoning applied to human nature, society, culture and political awareness
22- The American Revolution had a large part to play in the shifting of ideas
23- The European Romantic movement reached America in …….
a- the early 18th century
b- the early 19th century
24- Romanticism became popular in America in the field of…….
25- The Romantics rejected ……….. .
26- American Romanticism embraced the individual and rebelled against
a- the confinement of neoclassicism
c- the confinement of neoclassicism and religious tradition
27- The Romantic movement in America created a new literary genre that continues to influence American writers. Novels, short stories, and poems replaced the sermons and manifestos of yore
28-The works of the Romantic Era also differed from preceding works in that they spoke to …….
29- The Romantic period saw an increase in female authors and also female readers.
30- Poe, Emerson, and Hawthorne are near perfect representations for Romanticism
31- Poe's poetry has that ……….
a- happy, lyrical, and metrical verse
32- His subjects may be gloomy, but his poems contain sentimentality and supernatural characteristics and are about exploring the human psyche
33- Emerson espouses the ideas of Transcendentalism in…….
34-The Romanticism writers were a diverse group of individuals varying from different backgrounds and styles
35- "Young Goodman Brown", "The Scarlet Letter", "The House of Green Gables" are works belong to….
36- "Narrative of Arthur Gordon Rym", "A Tell Tale Heart", "The Raven" are works belong to….
37-"Rip Van Winkle", "Sleepy Hollow" are works belong to….
38- "Leaves of Grass", "Franklin Evans" are works belong to….
39- he was a practical transcendentalist. And one of his works Civil Disobedience
40- the "little lady who started the Civil War" and kept European nations from aiding the south in the Civil War. And one of her work Uncle Tom's Cabin
41- he wrote "The Last of the Mohicans" and was the father of the American novel.
42- "is My verse...alive", one of the bridge poets between American Romanticism and the 20th century.
43- AmericanRomanticism was an early 20th century idea in art, music and literature that showed through these different types of work, reflections of the time period. Whether it was a cultural portrayal, or a scenic view of downtown New York City, these images and works of literature, music and painting depicted a contemporary view of what was happening
44- In American literature, the term " Romanticism " encompasses the period of time from the Civil War to the turn of the century during which William Dean Howells, Rebecca Harding Davis, Henry James, Mark Twain, and others wrote fiction devoted to accurate representation and an exploration of American lives in various contexts.
45- the rapid growth in industrialism and urbanization, an expanding population base due to immigration, and a relative rise in middle-class affluence provided a fertile literary environment for readers interested in understanding these rapid shifts in culture
46- realism is a "strategy for imaging and managing the threats of social change" this saying belong to
47- Realism was a movement that encompassed the………..
48- Writers who associated with realism………..
b- Among the Midwestern writers considered realists would be Joseph Kirkland, E. W. Howe, and Hamlin Garland
c- the Southern writer John William De Forest
49- . American Realism began as a reaction to and a rejection of……..
50- realism movement began as early as the 1830's but reached prominence and held sway from the end of the Civil War to around the end of …….
b- the nineteenth century
51-The naturalist concerns himself with the here and now, centering his work in his own time, dealing with common-place everyday events and people, and with the socio-political climate of his day .
52-chose correct Common Themes and Elements in Realism
a- Pragmatism
literature of the common-place
attempts to represent real life
ordinary people--poor and middle class
ordinary speech in dialect--use of vernacular
recent or contemporary life
b- subject matter presented in an unidealized, unsentimentalized way
democratic function of literature
social criticism--effect on audience is key
presents indigenous American life
importance of place--regionalism, "local color"
c- all of them
Lecture Five
53- American literary naturalism is a literary movement that became popular in late of …………century
54- The term naturalism was initially coined by …………..
55- he a French author who is also credited as a key figure in the development of French literary naturalism
56- In the late nineteenth century, the literary movement became popular all over Europe, from England to Russia. American writers were particularly influenced by the British and …………….
56- critics contend that the American naturalism form is heavily influenced by the concept of ……….
57- instead of free will, a naturalist depicts a character's actions as determined by …………….
58- American literary naturalism came to the forefront of popular literature during a time of tremendous cultural and economic …….
59- The ……….. of American literary naturalism depicts the experiences of impoverished and uneducated people living in squalor and struggling to survive in a harsh, indifferent world
60- Major thematic concerns of the form of naturalistic writers works include the fight for survival—man against nature and man against ….
61- ………. describes a type of literature that attempts to apply scientific principles of objectivity and detachment to its study of human beings
62- naturalism philosophical framework can be simply described as "pessimistic materialistic determinism this phrase belong to…….
63- The naturalist populates his novel primarily from the lower middle class or the ………
64- The naturalist often describes his characters as though they are conditioned and controlled by ……………..
a- environment and heredity
b- , instinct, and chance