المستوى الثالث سنه ثانيه للمتعثرات والمحولات

[رنومه..]

بلييز بناات اللي عندها محاضرات الشعر الاولى والثاانيه تحطهاا بلييييييييييييز:Cry111:







ارجعي ورا صفحتين وبتشوفيني حاطتهم،،
:love080:

[يوونا]

الباك غراوند معنا بالاختبار ؟؟:53:

[pretty]

لا تغرك

فيه اوبجيكتف ممكن على جزئية فوزيه
بس فيري كووين لا

[منتدياتي]

متأكده ان عليه 5 بس ؟؟

مين قال هالكلام ؟ :mh12:

شوفي انا اقولش منيرة قالت ماراح تجيب ابجكتف

اما فوزية عارفتها درستني العام

فرحتنا ابجكتف ابجكتف وبالنهاية كان عليه 5درجات

بالمد والفاينل

تجيب 10 فقرات كل فقرة عليها نص درجة

يعني من 5 درجات

نفس الشي الحين جابت لنا عليه 5 درجات

اسئلة فوزية عرفتها تجيب شورت كوتشن واختاري وكومنت وتجيب بيتين من اي قصيدة وتقول اكسبلين او تحط عليها اسئلة مثل من اي قصيدة هي 2 الثيم حقها 3 الكاتب يعني مثل هيك شغلات

اما منيرة مدري وش اسئلتها لأنها توها تدرسني اذكر قالت بتجيب ايسي كوتشن عاد مدري من القصيدة او الباك قراوند


اللي قاعدة افكر فيه الحين يسوون نموذجين زي اللي سووه بالمد

كل وحدة تحط اسئلة من 30 درجة او شنو

ذاكرو كل شي وانشاء الله ننجح بهالمادة يارب

ماتنسو تحفظون القصايد عشان ماتضيعو:hahahahahah:

[هتان7ano0]

...هــــآآي صـــبــآيا...

بنــــســـبهـ للشعر ترا أسئلة مس منيره حلوه ..

أمــا مس فوزيه وش درااكم انها بتجيب كومنتري.؟!:g2:

< ياشين الشورت كوتشن حق فوزيه .....!


:71: البـــــــــــــــــاك قراااوند حقت
أول محــاضره أشرحتها د/ حصه
مـــــــعـــــانـــــا :71:!!!!؟؟؟؟

[اخت فجر]

يابنات بليز احد يرد علي وش القصيده اللي عطتها فورزيه بآخر محاضره؟؟ :sdfgdsf:

[رنومه..]

يابنات بليز احد يرد علي وش القصيده اللي عطتها فورزيه بآخر محاضره؟؟ :sdfgdsf:

هي سونت 12 اتوقع لوليام شكسبير،،
بس والله ماذكر شسمهاا،،
:love080:

[منتدياتي]

...هــــآآي صـــبــآيا...

بنــــســـبهـ للشعر ترا أسئلة مس منيره حلوه ..

أمــا مس فوزيه وش درااكم انها بتجيب كومنتري.؟!:g2:

< ياشين الشورت كوتشن حق فوزيه .....!


:71: البـــــــــــــــــاك قراااوند حقت
أول محــاضره أشرحتها د/ حصه
مـــــــعـــــانـــــا :71:!!!!؟؟؟؟



قالت اخر محاضرة بتجيب كومنتري حتى علمتنا خطوات الكومنتري وفي سؤال مقارنة
وبقية الاسئلة زي ماقلت

كل شي اخذناه ذاكريه من تعاريف اذكر 7 تعاريف قالتها فوزية

[كيناز]

مرحبا بنات

اذا احد عنده ملخصات الحظاره عند مليحه الزهراني تنزلها اذا تقدر :000:

[جسد]

بنآآآت تسسسىعدوا يجزآكم خير
أحسسسكم نايمين:icon9:
احد حضر مع دكتوره فوزيه آخر محاضره ؟؟
كم قصيده اخدتوا ؟ وحده او قصيدتين؟؟
ووش اسمهااا ؟؟
وكم ملزمه تفريغ 7 ولافيه زيآده..؟
:Cry111:
والآ تجآآوب بدددعي لهااااا :119:
نبييي نذآكر بكره الخمييييس

[جسد]

بنآآت سسسؤال كمان
الترجمه عادي ندخل بدكشنري انجلش -انجلش ؟؟
والدرآما هل الا بتفرغ بتحل لنا الاسئله والكوتيشن ولالا ؟؟

[شتاء عمري]

بنااااااات ايش 7 تعاريف بشعر؟
واتوقع جزيه منيره للمقالي ماتطلع من 3 تعريف السونت والكاركتر وسبجكت القصيده
بس :(204):

[شتاء عمري]

اقصد سبنسيرين ستانزا :064:

[هتان7ano0]

.... مـــــــــــشـــكـــوره يــامنتدياتي على الرد ....
والله يوفقكـ ...

جــــــــــســـد قصيده وحــده بس وعلى مــاأضن انها سونت 12 > مثل ماقالت ألأخـــت ألحــلوه .. الي فوووق ....

وبنسبه للملازم هم 7 حقات الميد ترم وبقى ملزمه 8 للقصيده ألاخيره.

ويـــابنات هـــونوهــا وتــهون وكـــبروهــا وبتكبر ..

أهم شي صــحــتكم . يعني حنى نعتبر ذاكرنا المنهج باالكامل
بس بقــــى لنا قصيده وحــده وان شاءالله سهــله والاختبار بيكون
الفـــتره الثانيه يعني يمديكم تذاكرون وترااجعون .. بس اهم شي
الراااااحــه والثقــه وعدم الأرتـــباك ..< تقبلو النصيحه :g2:

وبـــعـــدين كيف قالت ذا الفوزيه طريقة الكومنتري .. والمقارنه

[اخت فجر]

رنومه تسلمين حبيبتي
جسد عادي تدخلين بدكشنري انجلش انجلش
التعريفات اللي معنا بالشعر
*سونت
* سبنسيرين ستانزا
* الابك
*ريفورميشن< اللي بأول محاضره
*ريناسونس < اللي باول محاضره
من العجز اكتبها بالانقلش :(284):
هذا اللي اعرفه ممكن فيه شي ناقص ياليت اللي تعرف تكتب لنا و ش التعاريف الناقصه

[يوونا]

humanism هذا بعد له تعريف اظن باول محاضره

[شتاء عمري]

بناااااااااات سوال 8 وصلت تفريغ شعر ؟:smile:

[اخت فجر]

لا ما وصلتني انا :icon9:

[جسد]

بنات اذا وصلكم تفريغ ملآزمه 8 خبروونآ بنآت :icon9:

[LMo0o]

بناااات ابي وحده بطلللله تقولي وش اسوي لو جاني

اكسبلين ؟

او

كومنتري ؟

وش الفررق الاولى بس اشرح معنى القصيده ؟؟
والثانيه اجيب كلللش القصيده والثيم والتون والشرح واسم الشاعر وكذا ؟؟

صح ؟:icon9::icon9::icon9:

ومتى اربط القصيده بالباك قراوند :mh318:

والتعاريف اللي قلتوها ممكن وحده حلوه اموره تكسب اجر بالبنات وبي:biggrin:
تحطهم هنا مع تعريفاتهم :love080::mh318:

معليش تحملوو الغباء:biggrin: قعدت سنه ما اخذت شعر عقب اول وهذي النتيجه :biggrin:

[هتان7ano0]

بنـــات الباك قرااوند الي في أول محاضره معــانا .. :24_asmilies-com:




والله يالموو عجزااانه اكتب كل التعاريف ..:cheese: بس فيه تعريفين البنات

مـــاقالوهم الي هـــو م allegory _ prosody في ملزمه 5

لـــمووو .. كــيف تربطين القصيده باالباك قرااوند ؟ :017: <

[احسن شئ]

Renaissance
The Renaissance is the period following the Middle Ages in European history.
Renaissance as a term means revival or rebirth started in Europe- mainly Italy- in the late 14th century. It is a vital flowering of arts and sciences accompanied by thrilling changes in religious and philosophical thoughts.

the meaning of the Age of the Renaissance
It was the age of economic prosperity. Many philosophical ideas appeared at that time. It was the age of art. Many famous artists lived at this period- like Michael Anglo, Leonardo Da. Vinci- . There were also famous poets who lived in the 16th century like Spenser- Shakespeare-Christopher Marlow- Philip Sydney. Also people who wrote prose developed at that period.

Humanism
is the re-reading of all the classical texts.
From the religious thoughts comes the reformation .

Reformation
is a religious movement. One of the aims of the reformation is to go back, to restore, and to bring back pure Christianity. It was not pure now because it was changed, interpreted in different term by people of the church at that time, when the bible was only at the hands of the church people. Their church was the supreme church on earth- according to Henry VIII who settled this down..
.
A sonnet is a poem of 14 lines.

o The Italian sonnet:
it is of a very simple division 8 lines= octave and 6 lines= the sestet. It deals with love affair- man- woman relationship. In the octave, it is a kind of exposition. The poet exposes - his ideas. In the sestet, he comes to a conclusion. Early translated Italian sonnets were having both the Italian mood and the English language.

oThe English sonnet:
is divided into 3 quatrains and a couplet.

a conceit
It is an extended image, an image that develops throughout the poem.

Petrarchan sonnet

The Italian sonnet usually has a division. It is usually divided into an octave and a sestet. In the octave, there is the problem or the question. In the sestet, there is a solution. The Italian sonnet is called a Petrarchan sonnet – named after the Italian poet Petrarch. He was a great poet.

The Petrarchan sonnet consists of an octave- 8 lines and a sestet- that is 6 lines. In the octave, we have the problem. In the sestet, we have the solution. It has rhyme scheme- Abba abba- cdcdcd or cde cde







Apostrophe:
is when you address some one who is absent or dead or something that is not human as if it were alive and present. It is similar to personification but in a different way.
Personification is when we address something as a human being
Apostrophe also shares the same thing. It addresses something absent or dead as if it could answer.

narrative poetry
There is narration.Poems are long.There are stories to be told. There are characters, varied speakers in the poem. There are a lot of details.
Narrative poetry is long poems like the epic.

An epic:
is a very long poem- sometimes more than 3000 lines- that talks about historical stories. There are many adventures. It takes about heroes and heroines. There are many different episodes. It belongs to the oral tradition. Earlier, they did not write epics. They were told and memorized. But then, they started to be written.

lyrical poetry
It is musical poetry. It can be sung. It is not too short. Sometimes we have long poems but they are musical because there is a kind of rhythmical pattern in them- there is music.
Lyrical poetry has many varied kinds: songs, lyrics, sonnets, odes

epitaphs :
are very short poems written about dead people, sometimes written on tombs.

An odeقصيدة غنائية:
is a long poem but it describes personal feelings of the speakers.

allegory
Allegory is a literary device which involves giving a double meaning to the passage. There are two levels of meaning, the true apparent one and the conceited hidden one.

Spenserian stanza
consists of 9 lines- first 8 lines are iambic pentameter. The last line is a long complicated معقدline. It is of Alexandrine in iambic hexameter
The whole book has the same rhyme scheme. It is marvelous that this book is consistent- it is consistence.
The rhyme scheme is abab bcbcc

pastoral lyric
things that are related to nature

هذه التعاريف اللي قدرت اجمعها واللي عندها زياده تضيفه وبالتوفيق للجميع..:106:

[احسن شئ]

PROSODY: علم العروض
That is to divide the lines into syllable and then count the rhymed and the unrhymed according to the stressed and unstressed syllable.

الباك قراوند معنا بس اتوقع بيجي اختياري لاانو د.فوزيه هي اللي بتحطها وش دراها ايش قالت لنا د.حصه..
وهي اسئلت بس عن التعاريف اللي اعطتنا اياها د.حصه ..والله اعلم..

[منتدياتي]

sonnet sequece

دايم تقولها شكلها بتجي

فوزية اصلا حتى لو تجيب تعاريف تجيبها ع شكل اختياري اذكر العام قالت لنا تذي
:(269):
احسها تحب تجيب الاسئلة من القصايد عشان تشوف مقدرتنا على التحليل:lllolll:

[شتاء عمري]

بنات انا قالتي هم سبع بس
واذكر على كلامها هم Renaissance
Humanism

Reformation
Petrarchan sonnet

وشكسبير سونت و سبنسرين ستانزا
هذولي 6 باقي واحد يمكن انجلش سونت
واذكر قالت لي فيه تعاريف تكتبونها

[منتدياتي]

باقي سونت سكوين

[احسن شئ]

sonnet sequence

It is a group of sonnets that tackle one theme- like for example the theme of love. In this sonnet,
there are series- might be 100 or more sonnets.
There is a development of the theme.

[الراحة بالجنة]

الله يبارك فيكم ياارب ....

أحسن شيء >>>> مشكوووورة :106::106: الله يوفقك يارب

يارب تيسر لنا المادة ونجيب علاماات كويسة .. فيها وفي البقية :53:

[جسد]

احسن شي من وين جايبه هالتعريف
كلهم 7 شلون زآدو ؟

[الراحة بالجنة]

بنات shakespearean sonnet اهي نفس الenglish sonnet ولا لأ ؟؟؟ :(107):

[what ever !]

بنات الحين اول شئ الباك قراوند معنا ؟؟ او محذوف مثل المد ,

سؤال ثاني دكتوره منيره قلتوا بتجيب اس اي يعني بس ع الفيري كوين بيصير اس اي ؟ والا كيف !؟

[الراحة بالجنة]

بنات الحين اول شئ الباك قراوند معنا ؟؟ او محذوف مثل المد ,

سؤال ثاني دكتوره منيره قلتوا بتجيب اس اي يعني بس ع الفيري كوين بيصير اس اي ؟ والا كيف !؟

لا ياقلبي الاسساي بيكون شامل للمنهج كامل
بس البنات يقصدون ان فيري كويين ما راح يجي منها اوبجكتف كله اسساي

طيب بنات انا مو فاهمة شسالفة الباك قراوند يعني شالأسئله اللي بتجي منها ؟؟
:(107)::sdfgdsf:

[MbsoOo6h]

بنات shakespearean sonnet اهي نفس الenglish sonnet ولا لأ ؟؟؟ :(107):


انا اللي اعرفه انه نفسه .. بس من كلام البنات حسيت انهم غير .. شسالفه:(107):

[شتاء عمري]

The sonnet form used by Shakespeare, composed of three quatrains and a terminal couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab cdcd efef gg

هذا تعريف سونت شكسبير من النت خذيته

[شتاء عمري]

:119:وبالنت حصلت انه شكسبير سونت وانجلش سونت نفس الشي

[what ever !]

شكرا الراحه بالجنه <3 <3
بس ابي اعرف اذا الباك قراوند معنا و الا :/

[اخت فجر]

بنات اش اسم اخر قصيده اللي لشكسبير
ابي بدايه اللاين بلييز لان اخر محاضره ماوصلتني وبشووف وش اسم القصيده
ترا من امس وانا اسأل :000:

[شتاء عمري]

بدايتها when i do count the clock that tells the time

[يوونا]

:Cry111:

[شتاء عمري]

ايش فيه ليه :Cry111:
:(269):

[اخت فجر]

شكرا شتاء عمري :love080:

[حكايا الورد]

Shakespearian sonnet= English sonnet
patrician sonnet = Italian sonnet

:biggrin:

[LMo0o]

بنـــات الباك قرااوند الي في أول محاضره معــانا .. :24_asmilies-com:




والله يالموو عجزااانه اكتب كل التعاريف ..:cheese: بس فيه تعريفين البنات

مـــاقالوهم الي هـــو م allegory _ prosody في ملزمه 5

لـــمووو .. كــيف تربطين القصيده باالباك قرااوند ؟ :017: <



يمه ليش معصبه :sdfgdsf: خخخخ

والله مدري يختي يوم درستنا دكتوره منيره قالت تسذا :bawling:
بس مدام البنات ماردوا كيفه شكلي اوسوس:biggrin:
<ماصدقت على الله :biggrin:
لا جد خلاص بذاكر اللي عندي ويالله بعد:mh318:خخخخخ

[جنون الكون]

بنااااات اللي حضروا المحاضرة الاخيرة للشعر وش قالتلكم عن الباك قراوند داخله معنا ولا لا...؟؟؟؟؟
ردوا لاتطنشوني

[اخت فجر]

بالاختبار بتجيب مقارنه بين سونت شكسبير و بتراركن سونت او سونت سيكونس

وطالبه نقارن بينهم من خلال
التعريفات
ونجيب مثال
ووش الثيم في كل سونت مثل شكسبير كان التايم هو الثيم وهكذا ...
الافكاار

هذا اللي ركزت عليه اخر محاضره
و بالتوفيق:love080:

[pretty]

انا حظرت أخر محاظره لفوزيه
قالت الباك قراوند معنا في النهائي .. باختصار كل شيء معنا بالنهائي
وممكن يكون فيه سؤال مقارنه شكسبير و بتراركن سونت
راح تكتبين لها براقراف عن كل وحده ومثال عنها طبعاً
او تمسكين نقطه نقطه وتكتبين عن هذا نقطه وعن هذا نقطه وهي قالت انا افضل الطريقه الأولى واسهل بعد :biggrin:
وقالت راح يكون فيه تعاريف ركزوا عليها كلها
وافهموها كويس

وتقول فرقوا بين سؤال الآكسبلين لاين والكومنتري
الأكسبلين نفس الميد اشرحي بحدود السطرين + وفي اللاين اللي قدامك بس وبدون فلسفه :(269):<< ركزت على هالنقطه كثير
والكومنتري راح تكتبين من وين هالقصيده ومين الكاتب وش نوعها ليرك سونيت .. تقول مقدمه بسيطه كمان لا تتفلسفون :biggrin:
بعدين اشرحي الستانزا او الاين اللي قدامك فقط فقط .. واذا فيه صور وبيرسونفكيشن او ميتفور في هالاين اشرحيها لا تجيبن من القصيده لانها بتعتبرك مو فاهمه واكس :41jg:
الا اذا كانت اكستندر اميج يعني
بعدين تختمين ممكن تكتبين عن الرايم سكيم
وان هالاين مرتبطه بالثيم ككل وتذكرين الثيم او السابجيكت عن اهالبويم :wink:

وركزوا على سبيلنق الكاتب واسم القصيده وحطوها بين قوسين
ولا تحطون تحتها خط
الا فيري كوين لاأنه اسم كتاب

وبس :53:
اذا تذكرت شيء بعد رجعت لكم

[luly]

بناات شوفوا هذا كلام جميل عن سونيت 12

Shakespeare's Sonnets Study Guide : Summary and Analysis of Sonnet 12 - "When I do count the clock that tells the time" | GradeSaver (http://www.gradesaver.com/shakespeares-sonnets/study-guide/section20/)



وهذ ااختصاار للقصيده في سطرين:cheese:
>>>احب الزبده
......The toll or tick of a clock, the setting sun, withering flowers, falling leaves, the autumn harvest all make me aware of the passing of time, reminding me that you (the young man) too will grow old and die. Therefore, now, while you are still young, you should marry and breed (have children) who will live on after you. Only in this way can you defeat death.

[جسد]

بنات ماوصلكم تفريغ 8
ابي اخلص :bawling:

[pretty]

وصلت من زمااان
و شلون احمل مرفقات ،،؟؟!

[رنومه..]

وصلت من زمااان
و شلون احمل مرفقات ،،؟؟!


يا اما تسوين كوبي بيست للكلام في الرد،،
او تحت لمن تردين تحت كلمة اعتمد المشاركه يطلع الخيارات الاضافيه،،
يطلع 3 خيارات اختاري الثاني ارفاق الملفات،،

[pretty]

المحاظره الأخيره

[لاتغرك ضحكتي]

ما اجمل تعاونكن يا فتيات :biggrin:

اشكركن على جهودكن المبذوله بارك الله فيكن :53:

عسى الله ان يجعل التوفيق حليفا لنا جميعا :biggrin:

وصلى الله على نبينا محمد و على آله و صحبه اجمعين

انتهى :d5:

:cheese:

[aio0osh]

سلاااام بنات

الى وين اختبار الترجمه ومسموح الدكنشري في الاختبار ولا لا؟؟

وموفقااات باختبار الشعر بووكراا

[الراحة بالجنة]

بنات هذي الثامنة

الله يوفقنا يارب وييسر لنا

[الراحة بالجنة]

المحاظره الأخيره

بسم الله
والله iam sorry ما انتبهت انك حطيتيها حالا سويت ارفاق بعدين رجعت اقرا الموضوع

عموما الله يجزاك خير

والله ينفع البنات فيها يارب ...

[اخت فجر]

الاختبار الساعه 11 صح :mh12:

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

بنات ابي الجدول تكفوون تبع الأختبارات مادريت انه تغير
؟؟

[SUMMO]

بنات اللي حاملين تاريخ الادب ترى هوما معلقة الدرجات على باب مكتبها درجات المدترم والواجب والبرزنتيشن مجموعة من 40 هذا لقروب الثلاثاء ..
قروب الاربعاء قالت بكرة ان شاء الله بتعلقها لان بابها مليان مافيه مكان لنا يابنات الاربعاء الا بكره..
وموفقين ..:biggrin:

[بـس]

وشلون جدول الاختبارات تغير !!؟

طيب بكره ترجمه علينا صح ولالا =\

**




لا عادي بس الحمد لله انه ماتغير ونحوس معه من جديد :biggrin:

7
7

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

خلاص تأكدت لأن المراحل الثانيه تغيرت فخفت ان جدولنا تغير معهم
آسفه خوفتكم نفس الجدول:mh12:

[اخت فجر]

اشوى الحمد لله انه ما تغير
بكره علينا ترجمه صح

[بـس]

^
^
ايه صح

هو الى وين معانا الى صفحه 127 او الى 137؟

[رورو 89]

من 66 الى 155 الترجمه ...

بس بنات عادي ندخل دكشنري ولالا .؟؟؟


مابي اشيله وهو شكبره واحنا مب مندخلينه ؟؟

[جسد]

الى 144
....
ليه رورو حضرتي اخر محاضره ولا ؟؟
عشان زادت الجزئيه

[pretty]

بناات ادري موب وووقته
بس بليييييييييز مين تعرف كيف طريقة اسئلة الدراااماا

[حكايا الورد]

بناات ادري موب وووقته
بس بليييييييييز مين تعرف كيف طريقة اسئلة الدراااماا

3 أسئلة .،
أول سؤال- نختار كوتيشن واحد بس -.. كوتيشن من آز يو لايك أت والثاني من فلبوني .. وعليه 20 درجه .،
ثـآني سؤال .. نختار سؤال من سؤالين من آز يو لايك أت .. 20 درجه
ثالث سؤال .. نختار سؤال من سؤالين من فلبوني .. 20 درجه ..
الحل بيكون ايساي فورم ...

[جسد]

اخت فجر متآآكده ندخل بالدكشنري ؟؟؟
مابي احمله ع الفاضي
وهل احدد سالها كيف بيكون الامتحان ؟؟:bawling:

[dreama]

بنات آسفه خاشه عرض بس بلييز ابي الجدول كامل وين الاقيه!

>>> الله يوفقها الي تقول..ويوفق الجميع :119:

[اخت فجر]

اخت فجر متآآكده ندخل بالدكشنري ؟؟؟
مابي احمله ع الفاضي
وهل احدد سالها كيف بيكون الامتحان ؟؟:bawling:


ان شاء الله
اذا كان انجليزي _ انجليزي ما يقولون شي زي كل سنه
انتي جيبيه وش تخسرين :cheese:
ازين من انك تنطرين البنات لين يخلصوون صح :biggrin:


ايه صح
الاختبار بيكون فيه قطعتين وحده نترجمها من عربي الى انجليزي و الثانيه العكس
هذا اللي اعرفه

[احسن شئ]

:biggrin:الجدول تلاقينه معلق عند غرفة المراقبات والكنترول ورئيسة القسم المهم في ذاك الممر

[dreama]

قلبي العسله الي ردت انا ما اداوم عشان كذا اسأل وماعندي اختبار الا السبوع الجاي عشان كذا خايفه يكون صاير شي بالجدول وانا مادري .. وموفقه ان شاء الله يالغلا /:119:\

[الراحة بالجنة]

السلام عليكم




الراحة بالجنة .. هذي الجمل إلي كتبناها معاها الأسبوع ألي راح..







1. لقد درس الموضوع من مختلف جوانبه.

He has studied the subject form different sides.

2. يجب على المريض أن يقتدي ويأخذ قسط من الراحة.

Patient must eat well and tack rest.

3. لم يكن مهذبا بل تصرف بطريقة غير لائقة.

He was not polite but he acted in an appropriate way.

4. إن جمال الطبيعة يضفي الجمال على الروح.

The beauty of nature gives beauty to the soul.

5. تابع مقدم البرنامج شرح تفاصيل القضية.

The program presenter continued explaining the details of the case.

6. هذا أروع منظر رأيته في حياتي.

This is the most wonderful sight I have ever seen in my life.

7. أجرى العالم تجربته في المختبر بنجاح.

The scientist has conducted has experience in the lap successfully.

8. أجرى رجال الشرطة تحقيقا حول الجريمة والقوا القبض على المتهمين.

Police man have investigated and they caught the accused.

9. تجري المذيعة الآن مقابلة مع الوزير.

The TV presenter is interviewing the minister now.

10. تجري الرياح بما لا تشتهي السفن.

The wind blows were the ships don't want.





"تأكدي من الترجمة "



وهذا الواجب



"الجنة تحت أقدام الأمهات" عبارة بسيطة لكنها تزخر بالمعاني إنها تعني قبل كل شي أن على الولد أن يعامل أمه باحترام فائق و بمنتهى الأدب والخضوع و أن علية أن يخدمها بتفاني إذا كان يرجو رحمة ربه يوم القيامة وعلية أن يراعي صحتها و مشاعرها و أن يزورها ويخاطبها برفق وبصوت ينم عن التبجيل لها.




أهلين بنات هذول الجمل اللي نقلتنا اياهم قبل امتحان الميد


احتمال تجيب منهم ..

والقطعة هل ترجمتها معانا ولا لأ ؟!

احسها مهمة لأنها جابتها لنا في الامتحان النهائي العام والحين ما ترجمتها معانا فيمكن تجيبها >>> يمكن فقط لا غير :cheese:


طيب آخر محاضرة انا ما حضرتها مو اللي قالت انها بتعطينا اياها السب لألألأ الأسبوع اللي قبله يوم تعطيكم أوراق الامتحان
شرحت ولا عطتكم جمل وتشرحونها ؟؟

[يوونا]

:(204):

[pretty]

اقتباس:
شكراً حكايا
وانا كنت ناويه اسحب على از يو لايك ات:(269):

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة حكايا الورد http://www.ckfu.org/vb/ram1-imp4d.com/buttons/viewpost.gif (http://www.ckfu.org/vb/showthread.php?p=2468716#post2468716)
3 أسئلة .،
أول سؤال- نختار كوتيشن واحد بس -.. كوتيشن من آز يو لايك أت والثاني من فلبوني .. وعليه 20 درجه .،
ثـآني سؤال .. نختار سؤال من سؤالين من آز يو لايك أت .. 20 درجه
ثالث سؤال .. نختار سؤال من سؤالين من فلبوني .. 20 درجه ..
الحل بيكون ايساي فورم ...

[هتان7ano0]

بنـــات الله يعطـــيكم العـــافــيه ..

ألي عنــدهــا ترجمـــــه (1 )< وآآآفــشلتـهــآ ...

يـــــاليت ترااسلني ع الخــاص لأني أبغـــاها بخدمـــه .. ضررروري

.. ألــلـهـ يوفق الجـــميــع ...

[يوونا]

up

[يوونا]

................................................

[حكايا الورد]

بنات الي عندهم الحضاره ..
ويش توقعاتكم للجزء المقالي > من اي الفصول يمكن يجي ؟؟؟
مالي خلق بالقوة أذاكره ..

[اخت فجر]

دكتورتنا قالت ركزوا ع الفصوول الاخيره
و الاسئله كلها خيارات وواثنين مقالي اختاري واحد منهم

[يوونا]

...............

[نقوش جدار]

الفصل السابع والعـآشر محذوف ..

الفصل الأول: سهل يتيهأ لي وهو تكلم عنه ع الطآير .. يعني مجرد رؤوس أقلام ..

الفصل الثاني : قآل أكثر الكلام اللي فيه تقريبآ بس الظآهر أنه يحب مع المقآلي عددي ..
وركز ع الشروط الموجوده لـ وزير التفويض والتنفيذ والاماره وو .. الخ < يعني الشروط والتعداد مركز عليه ...

الفصل الثآلث :صـ 67 و 77 و 78 و .. ألى صـ 81 < ماقال منها شي يعني " محذوف " ..
الدواوين في عهد الفاروق تعرفين بس انها نشأت بعهد عمر بن الخطاب و هو أول من أسسها وكان عاد الـ 5 للهجره ..
وبعدها ديوان العطاء والكلام اللي فيه " لآ تدوخي رآسك مع التفآصيل " < مادري انا عن أسلوب تصحيح دكتورتكم بس دكتورنا احسه ما يخوض بتفاصيل كثير ..
من ديوآن الجيش إلى ديوان الأنشاء كل الكلام قآله وحسيتهم مهم ..
ونشأة ديوآن الأنشاء انا عن نفسي قريته بتركيز ومشيت عنه ..

الفصل الرآبع :
القضآء مهم جدا جدا < أنا كذآ مأشر عندي ههههه ..
النظر بالمظالم قريته قراءه < شكله بيجي منه شي آلي ..
وإلآ يمكن ما يكتمل مجلس المظالم به .. اللي هم الحماه والقضاه والفقهاء .. ألخ ..
أختصاصات والي المظالم حسيته مهم ..
بعدين من الحسبه الى نهاية الفصل قريته بتركيز لآني حسيته بيجي آلي < أحساسي انا ..

الفصل الخـآمس :
سهل وشي قدييم يعني من أيام متوسط ناخذه فحسيته شي حلو وسهل ..

السـآدس :
نفس الشي سهل وحلوو مافيه شي صعب ويتهيأ لي ما بيجي منه إلآ آلي ..

السـآبع :
محـــــــــذوف ..

الثآمن :
كله قآله بس بعد نفس الشي أحساسي مابيجي منه إلآ آلي ..

التـآسع :
أخذنا منه بس المدينه المنوره .. قرطبه .. و القآهره ..

العـآشر :
محــــــــذوف ..


طبعـآ الفصول اللي قلت لكم انها آلي هذا من أحسآسي انا يعني ماحسيت فيها شي ينكتب مقآلي ..
فأخلي مسؤوليتي عن هالشي < هههه يعني لآ وحده تقرآه بتطنيش و ع الطاير وبعدهآ يجي مقآلي و تدعي علي!!

وسآلفة المهم بعد نفس الشي من أسلوب الدكتور حكمت ان هذا مهم وهذآ لآ ..

بالتوفيق ..
وريلآكس ..
ترى حتى انا كنت مسويه أزمه بالماده و حاستها صعبه بس بعد ما ذآكرت أكتشفت وش كثر هي " سهله "
بس يبي لها تركيز ومزآج حلو =)

دعوآتكم ..ّ!

[آم سلوم]

نقوش
شكراً

[Re Re]

بنات هذي اسئله الدراما حقة فلبونو مفرغتها مدرسه ان شاء الله تفيدكم :)



• Quotations:
1- Act I scene I
But brighter than thy father, let me kiss,
With adoration, thee, and every relick
Of sacred treasure, in this blessed room.
Well did wise poets, by thy glorious name,


These lines are quoted from "Volpone" the play written by Ben Jonson. These lines are said by Volpone. He is speaking to Mosca his servant. It is the opening speech in the play. In this quotation, Ben Jonson is tacking many ideas. It shows the characteristics of Volpone. It also reflects the Jacobean English society. This quotation also reflects Ben Jonson as a catholic and classist writer.
Volpone is performing his Morning Prayer. He worships his treasures not God. He puts his treasure in a shrine. It is an act of blasphemyسب الدين. The audiences expect the prayer to be sacred but Volpone makes it profane= irreligious= blasphemousكفر. Volpone worships the material- gold. He does not worship God. He made a shrine = holy place مقامto all the gifts coming from clients. He is irreligious. He is materialistic.
Ben Jonson as a catholic is satirizing Volpone.
Volpone is a materialistic character. He is influenced by the philosopher Niccole Machiavelli. He does not work but earns money by playing cons – tricks on people. He is an imposterمحتال, swindleنصاب and rouge, rascalوغد.
Volpone fools the dupes- gullsساذجين- مغفلون He plays with their hopes.
Ben Jonson satirizes both Volpone and the dupes for being greedy and materialistic.
As a catholic, Ben Jonson satirizes the seven deadly sins- vices. Catholics tried to stick to the ancient Christian: wrathغضب- greedطمع- slothكسل- prideغرور- lustشهوة- envyحسد and gluttonشراهة.
As a classic, Ben Jonson mentions some classical allusions in the prayer referring to Cupid= the god of love and Venus= the god of beauty.
Ben Jonson uses poetic dictionكلام شعري ضخم- باللغة العربية الفصحى to polish his language = classical writing such as"sacred treasure" glorious name" "blesse' "dumb god" . The play is written in blank verse.

2- Act I scene I
But cocker up my genius, and live free
To all delights my fortune calls me to?
I have no wife, no parent, child, ally,
To give my substance to; but whom I make
Must be my heir: and this makes men observe me:
This draws new clients daily, to my house,
Women and men of every sex and age,
That bring me presents, send me plate, coin, jewels,
With hope that when I die (which they expect
Each greedy minute) it shall then return
Ten-fold upon them; whilst some, covetous
Above the rest, seek to engross me whole,
And counter-work the one unto the other,
Contend in gifts, as they would seem in love:
All which I suffer, playing with their hopes,
And am content to coin them into profit,
To look upon their kindness, and take more,
And look on that; still bearing them in hand,
Letting the cherry knock against their lips,
And draw it by their mouths, and back again. -
How now!

These lines are quoted from " Volpone" written by Ben Jonson. These lines are said by Volpone. He is alone on the stage after the exit of Mosca. It is a soliloquy. He is speaking to himself and the audiences could hear him. In this quotation, Ben Jonson is tacking many ideas. It shows the characteristics of Volpone. It also reflects the Jacobean English society. This quotation also reflects Ben Jonson as a catholic and classist writer.
In this quotation, Volpone makes the audience to understand his plan. He laughs at the dupes. He does not have any mercy on them because they are greedy. They want to take his fortune after his death. He said that he has no family, no children, so he is going to choose an heir to all his treasure. Every day he has clients. Many clients come. They are fortune hunters and Volpone expects that they are fool. They just want to take his money. He believes that they deserve to be fooled.
He made a shrine = holy place مقامto all the gifts coming from clients. He is irreligious. Volpone is a materialistic character. He is influenced by the philosopher Niccole Machiavelli. He does not work but earns money by playing cons – tricks on people. He is an imposterمحتال, swindleنصاب and rouge, rascalوغد. He is very rich. There's social corruption in Jacobean England. The swindler Volpone is very rich. He lives like a noble man and has a big householdخدم. He has high social rank. a swindler like him should be poor- not rich. This abuses King James I and his rule.
As for the style of the writer, being a classical writer, the language that Ben Jonson uses in his play is the blank verse- he uses poetic diction like the classical writers to polish his language.
3-Act I Scene II
VOLP: Fetch me my gown,
My furs and night-caps; say, my couch is changing,
And let him entertain himself awhile
Without i' the gallery.
EXIT MOSCA.]
Now, now, my clients
Begin their visitation! Vulture, kite,
Raven, and gorcrow, all my birds of prey,
That think me turning carcase, now they come;
I am not for them yet –

These lines are quoted from " Volpone" written by Ben Jonson. These lines are said by Volpone. The first four lines, Volpone is speaking to Mosca asking him to bring his gown. Then, He is alone on the stage after the exit of Mosca. It is a soliloquy. He is speaking to himself and the audiences could hear him. In this quotation, Ben Jonson is tacking many ideas. It shows the characteristics of Volpone. It also reflects the Jacobean English society. This quotation also shows Ben Jonson as a catholic and classist writer.
Every day Volpone has clients. Many clients come. They are fortune hunters and Volpone expects that they are fool. They just want to take his money. He believes that they deserve to be fooled. His clients are the dupes- gulls. They begin their visitation. Volpone tells the audience that he rebukes them. He knows that they are greedy, that they come because they want his fortune. in this quotation, we have the theme of pretence and deceit . Volpone pretends to be an old man to deceive the dupes.
In this quotation, as a classicist, Ben Jonson uses animal imagery to ridicule them, divesting them on the human level to laugh at them. Ben Jonson adopted the idea of allegorical names from the medieval morality plays. (This is a medieval influence)
Volpone is allegorical name – means- The Fox= cunning, evil, lustful, greedy. Mosca: means fly- he is the helper – attendant – assistant of Volpone- a vampire= the one who feeds on the blood of others
This is a medieval influence – in the Hebrew book- the devil is the lord of flies- Mosca represents – is similar to the character of the devil in morality plays. Voltore =means vulture - he is an advocate, one of the dupes, the fortune hunters who come to take Volpone's money.
Corbaccio =means a carrion bird= a raven—he is the second dupe. He is another client that Mosca tries to convince that he will be Volpone's heir.
Corvino= means crow. He is the third dupes.
here Ben Jonson mention wild birds= birds of prey- carrion eaters
Lady Politic Would-be means parrot – she is talkative. Volpone refers to her as – kite الحداية
Technically speaking, Ben Jonson is using animal imagery to satirize those characters.
Volpone goes into disguise. It is one of the classical characteristics in the technique. He disguise as an old ill man. He puts ointment in his eyes. He sits in his bed pretending that he is very old. He pretends that he has all kinds of diseases like- coughingكحة- asthmaربو- palsyشلل- goutنقرس- a palely .
Volpone is a materialistic character. He is influenced by the philosopher Niccole Machiavelli. He does not work but earns money by playing cons – tricks on people. He is an imposterمحتال, swindleنصاب and rouge, rascalوغد. He is very rich. There's social corruption in Jacobean England. The swindler Volpone is very rich. He lives like a noble man and has a big householdخدم. He has high social rank. a swindler like him should be poor- not rich. Ben Jonson is criticizing indirectly the English society.
As for the style of the writer, being a classical writer, the language that Ben Jonson uses in his play is the blank verse- he uses poetic diction like the classical writers to polish his language.
4-Act II Scene IV"
VOLP: Lady, I kiss your bounty; and for this timely grace you
have done your poor Scoto of Mantua, I will return you, over and
above my oil, a secret of that high and inestimable nature,
shall make you for ever enamour'd on that minute, wherein your
eye first descended on so mean, yet not altogether to be
despised, an object. Here is a powder conceal'd in this paper,
of which, if I should speak to the worth, nine thousand volumes
were but as one page, that page as a line, that line as a word;
so short is this pilgrimage of man (which some call life) to the
expressing of it. Would I reflect on the price? why, the whole
world is but as an empire, that empire as a province, that
province as a bank, that bank as a private purse to the purchase
of it. I will only tell you; it is the powder that made Venus a
goddess (given her by Apollo,) that kept her perpetually young,
clear'd her wrinkles, firm'd her gums, fill'd her skin, colour'd
her hair; from her deriv'd to Helen, and at the sack of Troy
unfortunately lost: till now, in this our age, it was as happily
recovered, by a studious antiquary, out of some ruins of Asia,
who sent a moiety of it to the court of France, (but much
sophisticated,) wherewith the ladies there, now, colour their
hair. The rest, at this present, remains with me; extracted to a
quintessence: so that, whereever it but touches, in youth it
perpetually preserves, in age restores the complexion; seats your
teeth, did they dance like virginal jacks, firm as a wall; makes
them white as ivory, that were black, as—

These lines are quoted from "Volpone" written by Ben Jonson. It is taken from act II scene V. here; Volpone is talking to Celia- Corvino's wife. In this quotation, Ben Jonson is tacking many ideas. It shows the characteristics of Volpone. It also reflects the Jacobean English society. This quotation also shows Ben Jonson as a catholic and classist writer.
According to Mosca, Corvino's wife is perhaps the most beautiful woman in all of Italy. Volpone is inflamed by Mosca's description, and vows to see her. Mosca explains that she is never let out of the house by the insanely jealous Corvino, and is kept guarded by ten spies. Volpone nevertheless is resolved to see her, so he decides to go in disguise-but to meet the beautiful Celia. Here, Volpone is speaking to Celia expressing his love to her at the first sight. In this quotation we have the theme of courtly love tradition. He is showing himself as a courtly lover. The courtly Love Tradition appeared in the middle ages. In the middle ages- in South France, they used to believe that love always happens at the court between a bachelor knightفارس عاذب and a married womanامرأة متزوجة. They used to believe that because marriage was based on معتمد علىmaterialistic reasonsأسباب مادية. Women liked to betray their husbands.
At the beginning, according to طبقا ل the tradition of the courtly love, the woman rejects يرفضthe approach تقربof the knight. The knight degradesيقلل من شانه, humiliates himself. He writes her poetry, kneelsيركع before her. She does not accept him. So, at the beginning it is love at one side. Finally, the lady pities the man, accepts his love, exchanges يتبادلlove with him. Sex is involvedمشتمل علي. This kind of love is secularدنيوي kind of love. It involves sensualحسي or physical relationship. It is not a pure kind of love. After sometime, the man discovers that the woman gets involved يتورطwith another man. He is shocked and leaves her in agonyحزن.
Corvino tells Celia that he will not be jealous غيورof her anymore. He wants her to sleep with Volpone. She gets shock and she refuses. She wonders how Corvino wants to dishonor يسئ إلى سمعةhimself. She is really surprised but Corvino wants to convince her that she has to prove to become an obedient مطيعwife. Celia says that she can not sinخطيئة. He tells her that this is not a sin at all because Volpone is old and dying. This is a work of charityعمل خير. Then Celia decided not to do that. She said that she could not. Corvino takes Celia to Volpone's bed room and he left her.
Then Volpone started to wooيغازل Celia- started to beg her to submitيخضع herself to him. He tells her that her husband is unworthyلا يستحق; he does not deserve to care about his honor. He tries to convince her to sleep with him.
While Volpone was courting- wooing يغازلCelia, he tells her that her husband disguised متخفيas Scotto he made a stage under her window and played a comedy for her own sake. He tells her that she should replaceيبدل her based husband to a worthy lover. He tells her that he will make her a queen by his fortune as he is very rich. He mentions classical lovers. He compares her and him to two classical lovers.
This is a classical allusion- he mentions two classical lovers- Jove and Apollo, Mars and Venues.
Then he gives her a love song. However, this does not do with Celia.
After singing to Celia, Celia tells Volpone that it does not work with her. She does not accept his love. He tells him that he has either to let her escape or kill her but she can not sleep with him because she is chasteعفيف.
After failing يفشلto convince Celia to sleep to him, Volpone starts to force her to sleep in his bed.
We get to know The Jacobean features of the play from this quotation. We get to know that there was social corruption, that men were making themselves cuckolds. Ben Jonson is satirizing the Jacobean society.
• here, we can refer to the seven deadly sins of Catholicism
• the language- poetic diction- blank verse

5- Act II scene V
Get you a cittern, lady Vanity,
And be a dealer with the virtuous man;
Make one: I'll but protest myself a cuckold,
And save your dowry. I'm a Dutchman, I!
For, if you thought me an Italian,
You would be damn'd, ere you did this, you whore!
Thou'dst tremble, to imagine, that the murder
Of father, mother, brother, all thy race,
Should follow, as the subject of my justice.


These lines are quoted from " Volpone" . It is in act II scene V . In this quotation, Ben Jonson is tacking many ideas. It shows the characteristics of Volpone. It also reflects the Jacobean English society. This quotation also shows Ben Jonson as a catholic and classist writer.
This is said by Corvino to his wife Celia when he came and saw Volpone in his house. he got very angry- he shouts at her. he is mocking her that she is very proud of her beauty- that she is a dealer. His tone is sarcastic. He mocks Celia. He is calling her Lady Vanity. He asks her to bring a cittern to play music for men to tempt them. He calls her a whore. He accuses her of committing one of the seven deadly sins which is pride. This is ironic because it is Corvino not Celia who committed one of the seven deadly sins which is wrath. He tells her that he will kill all her family. He says that he is a Dutch man- he is honorable- not like the Italian- he means the English men. the setting is Italy but Ben Jonson is talking about England. He says that he is not like the Italian men who accept to be cuckold. He shows that the English men in the late 17th century accept to be cuckold. Corvino warns Celia that an adulteressالزانية according to the law is deprivedتحرم of her dowryمؤخر الصداق.
• Ben Jonson is speaking about the seven deadly sins? What are these sins? ( greed- pride- wrath)
• ( you should mention why Ben Jonson went into jail- how he converted to Catholicism? the seven deadly sins are only there in Catholicism- this quotation proves Ben Jonson's catholic affiliation. because of his criticism to the court men and to the reign of James I , he went to jail.
• language

Essay question- two to choose one:
1. How does the play reflect the English society in the Jacobean period?
in the Jacobean period, there was political unrest- Jacobean drama has gloomy atmosphere because James I was a bad ruler. James I was Scottish and Protestant. When he came to throne, people were shocked. He was a dictator. They hated him. There were many attempts to kill James I – like the plot of Judas - a group of Catholics- محبي يسوع – they tried to kill James I and they failed.
Ben Jonson spent few years in jail then his friends helped him to get out of jail. Because he was a great person in society, his friends got him out of jail. While he was in jail, he was converted into Catholicism. When King James I came to throne after the death of Queen Elizabeth, the court was not in favor of Ben Jonson. Ben Jonson was making fun of the Protestants and the Scottish people in his plays- like "Volpone" it was written 1605. The king himself was protestant and Scottish. James I put Ben Jonson again in jail. After few years, Ben Jonson renounced Catholicism and followed the Anglican Church- partly Protestant- partly Catholic- he could not make fun of the Protestants as he became one of them.
We get to know The Jacobean features of the play:
There was social corruption. People were materialistic. They did not to work hard. They were ignorant .Volpone is very rich. There's social corruption in Jacobean England. The swindler Volpone is very rich. He lives like a noble man and has a big householdخدم. He has high social rank. a swindler like him should be poor- not rich. This abuses King James I and his rule.
Men were making themselves cuckolds . He mentions the British people. He is supposed to be Italian. He satirizes the British people. He is criticizing the British men. Men are making their wives acting freely. They make themselves cuckold.
people were believing in alchemy .The second dupe - Corbaccio- an old man comes in. He brings two things with him. The first thing is broth- elixirs to restore their youth (this is taken from the middle age- like Alchemist-
VOLP: When I am high with mirth and wine; then, then:
'Fore heaven, I wonder at the desperate valour
Of the bold English, that they dare let loose
Their wives to all encounters!

This is a medieval influence. He shows a bad idea of Islam. It was a dominant idea in the 17th century.
It has a gloomy atmosphere because it was written in a period of political unrest, religious conflict, corruption in law, loath and murder.
The play as it is full of plots, deceives- how Volpone and Mosca are impostures. They try to deceive people. People are easily deceived – people are mostly dupes and dull. They believe Volpone and Mosca.
Volpone disguises himself as a very ill man having all the diseases. He receives gifts from people and promises every one to become his heir……
There are medieval influences in the play- the Jacobin period is full of medieval influences –
The play is full of Examples:
First, Courtly love tradition (as what Volpone expressed to Celia)
Second, people believe in the elixirs that can restore one's youth in an old age- the idea of the microcosm affects the macrocosm
Third, the play shows the religious conflict between the Protestant and the Catholic. Ben Jonson was a Catholic. He used to criticize the Protestants in the play. Ben Jonson is making fun of the Protestants because they always make change in their religion under the slogan of reformation.
example : Nano and ….. perform a play to Volpone to entertain him- both of them make fun of the Protestants because they keep on changing their religion under the slogan of reformation. In this short play Ben Jonson is mocking the Protestant as at that time he was catholic.

The English writers used to imitate the classical writers – for example- Ben Jonson wrote his play in blank verse. He uses the classical allusion and poetic diction ( give examples from the play- classical names of Greek and Roman gods- Apollo- Mars- Venues………)
There was social corruption ( give examples of how Volpone is a rouge and he is rich. he does not work ………….
In Jacobean drama also we find classical traditional technique or structure; exposition- climax and resolution- we also expect to find prologue and epilogue. it consists of 5 acts.
Jacobean drama has medieval cultural ideas- thematically speaking-
Ben Jonson was a classic. He likes to read classical literature and imitates the classical models.
Ben Jonson and other used to choose foreign setting for their plays to escape the authority, to criticize their own society without being charged by the authority (to be in the safe side)
Ben Jonson is satirizing the Jacobean society.
Sir Politick Would-Be is talking to Peregrine. They are talking together. They mention that the Europeans were scared of the plagueوباء- طاعون that comes from the Levant الهلال الخصيب
There was a plague in that area. The Europeans were afraid that this plague would come to them. This is historically true. Ben Jonson is referring to a historical fact in the play. Sir Politick-Would- Be said that he spent a lot of money on buying onionsبصل and eating onion to protect himself from the plague. It really happened. This tells us about the Jacobean England.
Another example to show the social corruption is when Mosca says that he has seen Celia going with Sir Politick-Would- Be in a gondola. Lady Would- Be- came and assures to the court that Celia is having an affair with her husband. She calls Celia a Hyeanaزوجة الضبع - every body is against Celia and Bonario. This shows that there is corruption in the court in the Jacobean period. The innocent people are being shown to be convict مذنب= they are set to be guilty. Bonario is the one who called the police but he is the one who is put in jail زنزانةwith Celia. Both of them are innocent.

2. Discuss the technique of the play
the form of the play- it is a classical structure( the play starts with an exposition( act I scene I ) - Act I scene I is part of the exposition of the play. It reflects the character of Volpone. We know about the main theme, the characters, and the style of the writer-
the events develops into a climax- it ends with a resolution- in the middle there is a disguise- mistaken identity that produces dramatic irony- the play consists of 5 acts.
Ben Jonson is a classist- he imitates the classical writers- there are classical allusions – prologue- epilogue. Ben Jonson imitated the Roman comedian (PLotous ) in beginning his play with an argument- in which we have a summary of the whole play. He wrote few lines in heroic couplets= every two lines rhyming together. In the argument, he summarizes the whole plot for the audience. He starts his play with an argument summarizing the whole plot to make the audience know what they are going to watch.
Prologues and epilogues are always said by actors and actresses- not characters. They do not discuss the content of the play but they are just messages from the author to the audience.
Volpone- the actor not the character- is commenting on the play- on the character of Volpone- the fox that he is punished. He asks the audience to clap their hands if they like the play. He is addressing the audience
Ben Jonson is like his contemporary, presents an explicit drama. For example, he starts his play with an argument where he tells the audience a summary of the whole play in heroic couplets to make sure that the audience will understand the events.
Elizabethan and Jacobean drama is called explicit drama. Everything should be clear. Nothing is hidden from the audience. We expect to find aside and soliloquies in which the characters tell the audience about their feeling. Audience should be cultured( for example, the soliloquy of Volpone- " fetch me my gown"
ACT V is the concluding act of the play. It has the resolution. All the villains will be punished.
Ben Jonson as a Catholic, he creates poetic justice عدالة الهيةat the end= the evils will be punished and the evil will be rewarded. This feature is found in the 16th century and in the Jacobean drama.
In the classical literature, there is no poetic justice.
the language of the play it is blank verse- poetic diction ( give examples from the play)
One features of the comedy is to have songs. So, at the end of the short play, they sang. The play is full of songs because it is a comedy
It has a happy ending. ( for example the song that Volpone sings to Celia to tempt her)
• there is satire ( Ben Jonson satirizes the Jacobean society- satirizing the character of Volpone and the dupes- how they are fools-
Ben Jonson is criticizing indirectly the English society.
Ben Jonson adopted the idea of allegorical names from the medieval morality plays. (This is a medieval influence)( mention the meanings of the names, Volpone, Mosca, Corvino, Corbaccio, Voltore)
Bonario = means good natured
Lady Politic Would-be = abbreviated as Pol= means parrot – she is talkative. Volpone refers to her as – kite الحداية
Peregrine= means falcon of hope
Nano - Nano, as his named in Italian indicates ("nano" means "dwarf"), he takes a minor role.
Castrone means eunuch "in Italian.
Eunuch = the male who gets his male organs cut off .
Androgyno - means "hermaphrodite" in Italian= the human being as born with both homosexual organs = male and female.
Celia= = heavenly = celestial = the voice of goodness
Technically speaking, Ben Jonson is using animal imagery to satirize those characters.
As a classic, Ben Jonson mentions some classical allusions in the prayer referring to Cupid= the god of love and Venus= the god of beauty. He also uses poetic dictionكلام شعري ضخم- باللغة العربية الفصحى= classical writing such as"sacred treasure" glorious name" "blesse' "dumb god"
Being a classical writer- the language is the blank verse- he uses poetic diction like the classical writers. He writes classical allusions.
there are rare modern- not traditional- elements like the Metatheatrical technique . in ACT I SCENE II , Mosca lets Nano (the pigmy- dwarf) and Androgyno to perform a short play to Volpone to entrain him.
Having a play within a play is a Metatheatrical Technique= a modern technique. In this short play, Androgyno confirms his belief in the Greek philosopher- Pythagoras's theory of transmigrationتناسخ الأرواح . He said that souls do not die but also do not go up, it transfer from the dead body to another body.
Androgyno tells Nano that his soul was first in a muleبغل then moves to an ass حمارand finally rests in him. He assures Nano that he feels he is blessed by God.
Nano tells him that God gives him the delightful of each sexأحلى ما في الجنسين. He is both man and a woman. This is a moral lesson. Ben Jonson is a moralistic. He said that every one should be happy of what God gives him. Even Castrone- the eunuch should be thankful to God.
Another example of the Metatheatrical technique is when Corvino takes Celia to Volpone's bed room and he left her. While Volpone was courting- wooing يغازلCelia, he tells her that her husband disguised متخفيas Scotto he made a stage under her window and played a comedy for her own sake. He tells her that she should replaceيبدل her based husband to a worthy lover. He tells her that he will make her a queen by his fortune as he is very rich. He mentions classical lovers. He compares her and him to two classical lovers.
This technique is called the Metatheatrical technique- talking about stage- play- comedy.
an example of using classical allusion is when Volpone talks to Celia expressing how he fell in love with her at the first sight. this is reference to the medieval courtly love tradition. It is also a classical allusion- he mentions two classical lovers- Jove and ….. Mars and Venues.
Another classical allusion is when Mosca and Volpone are discovered by Bonario. Bonario tells Celia that he is going to guard her to take her out of this house safelyبأمان. While going out, Mosca tries to stop them. Bonario wounded Mosca and took Celia out. Mosca is scared to death because he believes that the police will come and take them. Mosca goes to Volpone and tells him to commit suicideينتحر- like the Romans- they used to kill themselves before being defeated and killed by the enemies.
Then he gives her a love song. However, this does not do with Celia.
Ben Jonson is criticizing society and the British men. Jacobean drama is like the Elizabethan drama. The writer has to show the audience every thing. It is explicit drama
VOLP: My divine Mosca!
Thou hast to-day outgone thyself.
[KNOCKING WITHIN.]
- Who's there?
I will be troubled with no more. Prepare
Me music, dances, banquets, all delights;
The Turk is not more sensual in his pleasures,
Than will Volpone.
This is a medieval influence. He shows a bad idea of Islam. It was a dominant idea in the 17th century.
Lady- Would- Be commits lust. Lust is one of the seven deadly sins. She keeps on telling Volpone that he reminds يذكرher with her lover. Although she is married to Sir-Would- Be. She is disagreeableغير مقبول. She is talkativeرغاية. She talks a lot. Volpone tells her that Plato said that" the best grace of women is silence" This is classical allusion.
in ACT IV, Sir Politick Would-Be is talking to Peregrine. They are talking together. They mention that the Europeans were scared of the plagueوباء- طاعون that comes from the Levant الهلال الخصيب
There was a plague in that area. The Europeans were afraid that this plague would come to them. This is historically true. Ben Jonson is referring to a historical fact in the play .
1 AVOC: The knot is now undone by miracle.

The knot of the play is undone
This is a Metatheatrical technique. He is speaking about the events that are happening as a play that has a knot- a play within a play.
Here, Ben Jonson is ruining the Aristotelian dramatic allusion.


3. How far Ben Jonson Catholic affiliation is reflected on in his play
The main theme is discussing the seven deadly sins in Catholicism (what are they?) Ben Jonson is mocking the Protestants. ( Give Example) Ben Jonson is a catholic. The seven deadly sins are there in Catholicism only. They are not found in Protestantism.
This is a reflection on Ben Jonson's affiliation ولاءto Catholicism. This is a proof دليلthat Ben Jonson was Catholic at that time.
• The play ends in poetic justice (in the 17th century, the audience are mostly Christian. they expect that the evil people are punished and the good people are rewarded.
As a catholic, Ben Jonson satirizes the seven deadly sins- vices.
Catholics tried to stick to the ancient Christian: wrathغضب- greedطمع- slothكسل- prideغرور- lustشهوة- envyحسد and gluttonشراهة.
Volpone worships the material- gold. He does not worship God. Ben Jonson as a catholic is satirizing Volpone.
For example, in act III Scene I, It is totally a soliloquy said by Mosca. In this soliloquy Mosca is proudفخور of himself. He commits ارتكبone of the seven deadly sins الخطايا السبعwith is prideغرور.
Mosca is proud of his ability- his excellent talent موهبةin convincingيقنع people to do what he wants. He got an over self confidence when he convinces Corvino to take Celia his wife to Volpone to sleep with him.
No one can convince a man to take his wife to another man, but Mosca did. This is why he is so proud of himself. What he Lady- Would- Be commits lust. Lust is one of the seven deadly sins. She keeps on telling Volpone that he reminds يذكرher with her lover. Although she is married to Sir-Would- Be. She is disagreeableغير مقبول. She is talkativeرغاية. She talks a lot. Volpone tells her that Plato said that" the best grace of women is silence"
in act III scene II, Corvino tells Celia that he will not be jealous غيورof her anymore. He wants her to sleep with Volpone. She gets shock and she refuses. She wonders how Corvino wants to dishonor يسئ إلى سمعةhimself. She is really surprised but Corvino wants to convince her that she has to prove to become an obedient مطيعwife. Celia says that she can not sinخطيئة. He tells her that this is not a sin at all because Volpone is old and dying. This is a work of charityعمل خير. Then Celia decided not to do that. She said that she could not. Corvino takes Celia to Volpone's bed room and he left her. Then Volpone started to wooيغازل Celia- started to beg her to submitيخضع herself to him. He tells her that her husband is unworthyلا يستحق; he does not deserve to care about his honor. He tries to convince her to sleep with him. He tells her that he plays a comedy for her sake- that he made a stage under her window to play the role in a comedy.
Before going with Mosca, she apologizes يعتذرfor Peregrine. in act iv scene iii- Lady Politick Would- BE tells Peregrine that he can use her in Italy- can sleep with her any time in Italy. She is offering herself. She is disgustingمقزز. He leaves her and does not want to speak to her. She commits lust which is one of the seven deadly sins.
Voltore wrote a paper to the judges telling them about everything. He says that he wants to relieve his conscience. Volpone got scared and he escaped. Volpone disguised himself as an officer and he went to the court. So, Volpone decides to make up for what he has done. Volpone goes to Voltore the lawyer. He tells him in an aside that Mosca has sent him to tell that Volpone is alive and he will write him in his will. Voltore is witty. Volpone uncovers his disguise to Voltore. He realizes that he is a liar. This shows that he has no conscience. He is greedy. He commits one of the seven deadly sins in Catholicism.
4. Discuss the play as a humor drama.
• The theory of humor in the play- what is the theory of humor.
• Ben Jonson criticizes this theory. He does not like the medieval idea of humor- that the character's name should reflect the character's behavior.
• In this play, Ben Jonson uses animal imagery to satirize characters who commit the seven deadly sins. He calls the dupes birds of prey to satirize them.
Ben Jonson adopted the idea of allegorical names from the medieval morality plays. (This is a medieval influence)

[Fatimah Ahmad]

بنوتات اختبار دراما 1 مع بتول
الثلاثا وإلا الأربعا ؟!!

[منتدياتي]

ترى الكوتيشن رقم 4 مو زي اللي عطتنا هي عطتنا اكت 1 سين الخامس

بس اللي اشوفه اكت2 سين الخامس

تاكدوا بنات لاتذاكرو وبس

[يوونا]

حتى انا لاحظت اختلاف الكوتيشن بس وش نسوي كيف ومن وين بنذاكر الكوتيشن الرابع

[Re Re]

كوتيشن رقم 5 صح هي عطتنا بس المدرسه غلطانه كاتبه سين 2وهو سين 1

بس كوتيشن رقم اربعه انا كاتبه مع الدكتوره تكون بدايته help of livedays<<الظاهر كذا الكلمه خطي غبي كان :biggrin:
حوار بين موسكا وفلبوني بس وشو بالصبط ممدري ووشو اللي معها كتاب تتأكد لنا يعطيكم العافيه :mh12:

[Re Re]

الزبده بنات ركزو عالكوتيشششن الخامس اشد تركيز هي ركزت عليه مررره مرره

احسه هو اللي بيجي والله اعلم

[dreama]

بنوتات متى اختبار الحضاره(نظم) !!

واشكر العسله الي تعبت عمرها وكتبت الأشياء المهمه عسا الله يسعدها ويوفقها يارب

:119:

[حكايا الورد]

الزبده بنات ركزو عالكوتيشششن الخامس اشد تركيز هي ركزت عليه مررره مرره

احسه هو اللي بيجي والله اعلم


اذا نفسه الي كورفينيو تهم زوجته بالخيانه :cheese: فاني أقول نفس الشيء .. لانها أخذت فيييه وقت والباقي ع الطاير ..،
وبالنسبه لي ما بذاكر الكوتيشنز تبع فولبوني الا آخر شيء .. لانه آز يو لايك أت أحسهاا أسهلل وهي حدددت لناا 3 كوتيشنز أثناء الشرح .. بس أنا محدد عندي بس واحد والأثنين ماحددتهم فالي حددتهم معاها تكتبهم .،
موفقــآت .،


بنوتات متى اختبار الحضاره(نظم) !!


أختبرنا اليوم .. :g2:

[dreama]

لو سمحتي ياعسل(حكايا الورد) انتي باي سنة ؟؟

انا متعثره بس آخذ النظم بسنه ثانيه.. وكنت مسجله جدولي قبل ما اغيب والامتحان كان الثنين الجاي؟ كيف تقولين انه كان اليوم !! قسم باله اخترعت لدرجة اني احس قلبي بيوقف ,,, مستحيل بنات ابي الجدول الحين الحين تكفون

[حكايا الورد]

ايييه أعني حضاره - سنه ثانيه - أختبرنا اليوم :mh12:

مو متأكده من الجدول بس الي عندي تاريخ ونثر متاكده منهم.،
جدول الاسبوع الجاي ..،
السبت تاريخ أدب
الاحد عربي
الاثنين يمكن قرامر
الثلاثاء يمكن مقال وفهم
الاربعاء نثر

[جسد]

يب الييوم امتحنوا نظام ثاني :smile:
اسبوع الجاي .
السبت تاريخ الادب
الاحد عربي
الاثنين قرامر
الثلاثاء مقال وفهم
الاربعاء نثر

بالتووفيق :cheese:

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

بنات ابي اسأل عن وقت الإمتحانات
مسرح الأربعاء متى؟؟:g2:

[MbsoOo6h]

مسرح الساعه 11

[hopeful]

بنااات شهاذااا :(
صعبة اسئلة الدراااماااا
لي يومين اذاكر Volpone ما فهمت شي :(
الحللل طيييييب ؟؟!؟

[pretty]

بنااات الله يسعدكم
ابي الكوتيشن حق از يو لايك بليييييييييييييييز
:000::bawling:

هذا كلام د منى كيف تحلون الكوتيشن
لاتعتمدوون على حل المدرسه وبس
How to answer the quotation?
you have to talk about the theme and the technique
answer in the form of an essay – separate paragraphs
1st paragraph is an introduction- you have to say who is speaking, to whom, in what occasion- write the ideas you are going to write in your essay. ( this quotation tackles these points:
2nd paragraph- the body- you have to write about the theme and the technique- the theme found in the quotation-
Concerning the technique, Ben Jonson is a classic. He loves to imitate the classical writer, so all his play is written in blank verse. He uses poetic diction( using big words) he uses poetic diction to polish his language. ( if there is classical allusion, you have to refer to it)
Characterization is very important in discussing the technique.
you have to mention the characterization in the quotation
you have to mention if there is dramatic irony
language

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

بنات شو الكوتيشن اللي صعب وماراح تحفظون والسؤال الصعب او طويل علشان ااختصر على نفسي؟:cheese:

[MbsoOo6h]

4-Act II Scene IV"
VOLP: Lady, I kiss your bounty; and for this timely grace you
have done your poor Scoto of Mantua, I will return you, over and
above my oil, a secret of that high and inestimable nature,
shall make you for ever enamour'd on that minute, wherein your
eye first descended on so mean, yet not altogether to be
despised, an object. Here is a powder conceal'd in this paper,
of which, if I should speak to the worth, nine thousand volumes
were but as one page, that page as a line, that line as a word;
so short is this pilgrimage of man (which some call life) to the
expressing of it. Would I reflect on the price? why, the whole
world is but as an empire, that empire as a province, that
province as a bank, that bank as a private purse to the purchase
of it. I will only tell you; it is the powder that made Venus a
goddess (given her by Apollo,) that kept her perpetually young,
clear'd her wrinkles, firm'd her gums, fill'd her skin, colour'd
her hair; from her deriv'd to Helen, and at the sack of Troy
unfortunately lost: till now, in this our age, it was as happily
recovered, by a studious antiquary, out of some ruins of Asia,
who sent a moiety of it to the court of France, (but much
sophisticated,) wherewith the ladies there, now, colour their
hair. The rest, at this present, remains with me; extracted to a
quintessence: so that, whereever it but touches, in youth it
perpetually preserves, in age restores the complexion; seats your
teeth, did they dance like virginal jacks, firm as a wall; makes
them white as ivory, that were black, as—


يعني هالكوتيشن غلط مانذاكره ؟!:g2:

[souLs]

بنات شنو الاسئله اللي جابتهم منى حشيش بالشهري ؟!!

[اخت فجر]

4-Act II Scene IV"
VOLP: Lady, I kiss your bounty; and for this timely grace you
have done your poor Scoto of Mantua, I will return you, over and
above my oil, a secret of that high and inestimable nature,
shall make you for ever enamour'd on that minute, wherein your
eye first descended on so mean, yet not altogether to be
despised, an object. Here is a powder conceal'd in this paper,
of which, if I should speak to the worth, nine thousand volumes
were but as one page, that page as a line, that line as a word;
so short is this pilgrimage of man (which some call life) to the
expressing of it. Would I reflect on the price? why, the whole
world is but as an empire, that empire as a province, that
province as a bank, that bank as a private purse to the purchase
of it. I will only tell you; it is the powder that made Venus a
goddess (given her by Apollo,) that kept her perpetually young,
clear'd her wrinkles, firm'd her gums, fill'd her skin, colour'd
her hair; from her deriv'd to Helen, and at the sack of Troy
unfortunately lost: till now, in this our age, it was as happily
recovered, by a studious antiquary, out of some ruins of Asia,
who sent a moiety of it to the court of France, (but much
sophisticated,) wherewith the ladies there, now, colour their
hair. The rest, at this present, remains with me; extracted to a
quintessence: so that, whereever it but touches, in youth it
perpetually preserves, in age restores the complexion; seats your
teeth, did they dance like virginal jacks, firm as a wall; makes
them white as ivory, that were black, as—


يعني هالكوتيشن غلط مانذاكره ؟!:g2:


ايييييه غلط اصلا مو موجود بالكوتيشن الصحيح هو اللي اول برقراف بنفس الاكت و السين هذا
وبعدين حل الممدرسه مثل ........ :017:
كل الكوتيشنات كلامهم واحد اللهم الا بعض النقاط

الكوتيشن الاول اكت ون سين ون د منى قالت مهم جداااا :biggrin:

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

?illustrate the development of love relationship between Orlando and Rosalind
وهذالسؤالين في واحد جابته ميد تيرم وواحد تحسيني مو فاكره..

?How does "As You like it" reflect life in the 16th century.
) ?How far does "As You like IT" reflect the new spirit of the 16th century

[souLs]

?illustrate the development of love relationship between orlando and rosalind
وهذالسؤالين في واحد جابته ميد تيرم وواحد تحسيني مو فاكره..

?how does "as you like it" reflect life in the 16th century.
) ?how far does "as you like it" reflect the new spirit of the 16th century

ششكرا ً يا قلبي , ربي يوفقك : ) ~

[pretty]

ابي الكوتيشنات اللي عن از يو لايك ات

[MbsoOo6h]

ياالييييل البعااريين :bawling:

< ترى ماتنادي احد:(269):

[MbsoOo6h]

ايييييه غلط اصلا مو موجود بالكوتيشن الصحيح هو اللي اول برقراف بنفس الاكت و السين هذا
وبعدين حل الممدرسه مثل ........ :017:
كل الكوتيشنات كلامهم واحد اللهم الا بعض النقاط

الكوتيشن الاول اكت ون سين ون د منى قالت مهم جداااا :biggrin:



طيب تقدرين تحطين لي الكوتيشن الصحيح بلييز
لان ماعندي الكتاب فماعرفت اي كوتيشن بالضبط!

[Re Re]

بنات بليز اللي حلت كوتيشن رقم 4 ورقم 5 صح

تنزله خاصه 5 مره مهم ركزت عليه الدكتوره

[Re Re]

?illustrate the development of love relationship between Orlando and Rosalind
وهذالسؤالين في واحد جابته ميد تيرم وواحد تحسيني مو فاكره..

?How does "As You like it" reflect life in the 16th century.
) ?How far does "As You like IT" reflect the new spirit of the 16th century



دانه انتي اي يوم !!


انا يوم الثلاثاء الصبح

وجابت لنا اللي عن الchristian influence in the play


بس الثاني مره ما اتذكككره ياليت اللي تتذكره تنزله لنا


لان سنه 3 جابت لهم نفس اسئله المد بالضبط

بس انا توني ادري انو الشعب حقة ثاني مختلفه اسئلتهم :000:

احسبنا كنا كلنا زي بعض بالمد



يالله بنات هري اب يعطيكم العافيه جاوبو على سؤاليني كلهم اللي فوق وذا:biggrin:

[tabula rasa]

بنات بليز اللي حلت كوتيشن رقم 4 ورقم 5 صح

تنزله خاصه 5 مره مهم ركزت عليه الدكتوره



آلله يعطيييك آلف وسبعيين عآفيه ع المجهود آلي بذلتيه ويسسلمو الآيادي ي رب:(204)::love080:


....
آيه بنات الله يسعدكم الي تعرف حل هذي الكوتيشنات تجيبهآ

[منتدياتي]

ايييييه غلط اصلا مو موجود بالكوتيشن الصحيح هو اللي اول برقراف بنفس الاكت و السين هذا
وبعدين حل الممدرسه مثل ........ :017:
كل الكوتيشنات كلامهم واحد اللهم الا بعض النقاط

الكوتيشن الاول اكت ون سين ون د منى قالت مهم جداااا :biggrin:


اللي ع قيلتش بعض الكلام متكرر

اذكر مرة قالت انا لازم كل كوتيشن نفس الكلام اللي هو تكرر على قيلتش

بس اللي يختلف البودي مثل الكلام لمين ومن الشخص هيك شغلات

اما الباقي يكون نفس الشي تقريبا

هذا اللي اتذكرة لما عطتنا الواجب نحله والله اعلم

[حكايا الورد]

دانه انتي اي يوم !!


انا يوم الثلاثاء الصبح

وجابت لنا اللي عن الchristian influence in the play


بس الثاني مره ما اتذكككره ياليت اللي تتذكره تنزله لنا


لان سنه 3 جابت لهم نفس اسئله المد بالضبط

بس انا توني ادري انو الشعب حقة ثاني مختلفه اسئلتهم :000:

احسبنا كنا كلنا زي بعض بالمد



يالله بنات هري اب يعطيكم العافيه جاوبو على سؤاليني كلهم اللي فوق وذا:biggrin:


الـــثـآني كان عن الــ technique :biggrin:



بنااات الي حدد معاها الكوتيشنز تبع المسرحيه الأولى يكتبهم .،

أنا محدد عندي بس اثنين
الاول
Orlando
page 115
Can I not say 'I thank you'? My better parts
Are all thrown down; and that which here stands up
Is but a quintain, a mere lifeless block.


الثاني ...
page 210
ORLANDO
You have my consent. Let your wedding be to-morrow:
thither will I invite the duke and all's contented
followers. Go you and prepare Aliena; for look
you, here comes my Rosalind.

[Re Re]

بنات وش ذا يحول محد عنده اللي طلبته :icon9::bawling:


شكرا حكايه يعطيك العافيه

[souLs]

انا بكلاس الثلاثا الفتره الثانيه ,, جابت لنا سؤالين ,,
الاول هو اللي يكون سؤال 6 بحل الاسئله ,, اللي بالتفريغ !

الثاني ماذكره ~ !

[lalola]

بنات الله يخليكم
مين تقدر ترسل لي حل اسئله المد حقت للدراما
( از يو لايك ات)
وفي المقابل ارسل لها اسئله تاريخ الادب حقت المد

[MbsoOo6h]

طيب تقدرين تحطين لي الكوتيشن الصحيح بلييز
لان ماعندي الكتاب فماعرفت اي كوتيشن بالضبط!



عطوني وجه !

:bawling:

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

أنا الثلاثاء الساعه9ونص ....

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

بنات الله يخليكم
مين تقدر ترسل لي حل اسئله المد حقت للدراما
( از يو لايك ات)
وفي المقابل ارسل لها اسئله تاريخ الادب حقت المد

أعتذر ياقلبوو ماقدرت ارسل يقول لازم 100 نقطه سووووو سوري:mh318:

[pretty]

بناات ابي مثال على poetic diction
في volpone

[pretty]

اسئلة از يو لايك ات في المرفقات
ادعي لي الله يوفقني :mh318:

[حكايا الورد]

بناات ابي مثال على poetic diction
في volpone

i don't have the play but as i know the whole novel is written in poetic diction

[يوونا]

بنات اختبار المد القتره الثانيه احد يكتب لنا الاسئله اللي من30و9

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

بنات تكفون مو عارفه اذاكر وين وصلتوا انا تعبت نفسيا وحده ترفع معنوياتي
حاسه لو اقطع نفسي مذاكره ماراح اخلص ..:Cry111:

[حكايا الورد]

عادي عادي كلنا نفس الشيء :(269):
أحذفي واحد من فلبوني >>> زي ماسويت :biggrin:
آآآه ويش نقول بس .. نعســآآنه وماخلصت وبداوم من 6 > عادي عادي بعدها ويك اند ههههههه :bawling:

[يوونا]

انا ماخلصت شي بالمسرح ولا فتحت المقال من جد تعبت

[يوونا]

اسئله الميد من از يو لايك ات بليز اللي يذكرها يكتبها لنا
انا اللي اعرفه الكرستين

[جسد]

الله يعين
انا توى باخر كوتيشن للفلبوني
احسهم حلوين ومفهومين وشي معآد يعني
نقدر نحل لو جابت واحد منهم مو << طيري بسس:biggrin:

اما اسئله فلبوني اخر سؤال حذفته
بذآكر 3 الاوليين

واسئله از يو لايكت مااعتقد اذاكرها
بمرر عليها مااحس بيمدي:bawling:

<<:mh12:

[MbsoOo6h]

الله يعين
انا توى باخر كوتيشن للفلبوني
احسهم حلوين ومفهومين وشي معآد يعني
نقدر نحل لو جابت واحد منهم مو << طيري بسس:biggrin:

اما اسئله فلبوني اخر سؤال حذفته
بذآكر 3 الاوليين

واسئله از يو لايكت مااعتقد اذاكرها
بمرر عليها مااحس بيمدي:bawling:

<<:mh12:


مثلي :mh12:

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

بنات متاكدين الأمتحان الساعه 11 يعني اريح بالبيت ولا شو ؟

[pretty]

yes :biggrin:

[LMo0o]

بنات تاريخ الادب وش بتذاكرون بالملزمه ؟؟؟
هي قالت انه بيجي منها الجزء المقالي
نفس الاشياء اللي تحذفت بالمد مازالت محذوفه ؟؟

ردو اذا قضيتوا ممتحنين:biggrin:
<<مشكلة اللي مستعجل على رزقه :biggrin:
:106:

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

بنات تاريخ الادب وش بتذاكرون بالملزمه ؟؟؟
هي قالت انه بيجي منها الجزء المقالي
نفس الاشياء اللي تحذفت بالمد مازالت محذوفه ؟؟

ردو اذا قضيتوا ممتحنين:biggrin:
<<مشكلة اللي مستعجل على رزقه :biggrin:
:106:

لا مو محذوفه بس البيريجس بوك مو محدد شو بتحفظونه كله؟؟

[pretty]

اللي اعرفه ان اللي بالملزمه من ص ١ الى ٧ محذوف :(107):
بس ما اعرف ايش الآشياء اللي معنا
الآشياء اللي جمبها اكس صغير احسها مو مهمه ( احساسي انا :(269):)

وسوال الأيساي راح يشمل : من الآوت لاين

shakespeare
John Milton and his time
يمكن يكون عنه ككل ،، ممكن عن حياتههم .. اعمالهم الله آعلم
elizabethean age (poetry - drama - prose :(177):)

ومن الهاند اوت راح يشمل من ص ٨ الي ٢٠

راح يكون فيه شورت كوستيشن + اختيارات + تعريف + ايساي
- طيب بليز ممكن وحده اكيده تحدد لي ايش الفصول من بيرجس + الاوت لاين اللي معنا :sdfgdsf:
من الفلاحه حددت المحذوف فقط

- ايش الصفحات من القلوسري اللي معانا:sdfgdsf:

[aio0osh]

8
8
8
:sdfgdsf:

[lays]

اللي معانا

outline >> 3,4,5

burgess >> 6,7,8,9,10,11,12

Glossary
199 ,201 ,202, 203 ,204 , 205

handout
8-20

هذا اللي خططته
احد عنده تخطيط تشابتر 10 من البيرجس
متاكدين من انه الايسي راح يجي من الكتاب اذكر انها قالت من الملزمه

[منتدياتي]

اساس 10 و 11 و12

ماخططته

مالي خلق اذاكرة كل مافتحت الكتاب وشفت هذرة عريضة سكرته

الله يسهل علينا

[رنومه..]

اللي معانا

outline >> 3,4,5

burgess >> 6,7,8,9,10,11,12

glossary
199 ,201 ,202, 203 ,204 , 205

handout
8-20

هذا اللي خططته
احد عنده تخطيط تشابتر 10 من البيرجس
متاكدين من انه الايسي راح يجي من الكتاب اذكر انها قالت من الملزمه





متاكده من القلسوري؟!!
انا حاطه x علا صفحه 200/201/205!!!!!

[يوونا]

:(204):

[pretty]

lays

هي قالت انه يهمني تكوون عنك معلوماات عن هالمواضيع
مو مهم اذا كانت من الكتاب او الملزمه
يعني زي شكسبير وملتون واليزبيثين بيريود
كووني لك معلوماات سهله وتحفظينها بسرعه عنهاا :biggrin:
عشان تساعدك بالكتابه


انا من مجموعة الثلاثاء
مين مجموعة الآربعاء
بما انها حاقده علينا :000:
نبي معلوماتكم بخصوص الفصول اللي ما خططتها في بيرجس
ايش قالت عنها:mh12:

[LMo0o]

اللي اعرفه ان اللي بالملزمه من ص 1 الى 7 محذوف :(107):
بس ما اعرف ايش الآشياء اللي معنا
الآشياء اللي جمبها اكس صغير احسها مو مهمه ( احساسي انا :(269):)

وسوال الأيساي راح يشمل : من الآوت لاين

shakespeare
John Milton and his time
يمكن يكون عنه ككل ،، ممكن عن حياتههم .. اعمالهم الله آعلم
elizabethean age (poetry - drama - prose :(177):)

ومن الهاند اوت راح يشمل من ص 8 الي 20

راح يكون فيه شورت كوستيشن + اختيارات + تعريف + ايساي
- طيب بليز ممكن وحده اكيده تحدد لي ايش الفصول من بيرجس + الاوت لاين اللي معنا :sdfgdsf:
من الفلاحه حددت المحذوف فقط

- ايش الصفحات من القلوسري اللي معانا:sdfgdsf:

امممم

لالا
الايسااي بيكون من الهاند اوت بس حتى تشابتر 3 و4 من الاوت لاين قالت ذاكروه من الهاند اوت

القلوسري معنا صفحة
199 و202و204 و205 و206

انا قروب الاربعاء
وكتاب برجس ما خططت معنا 10 و11 و12

يعني من الكتابين بيجي الشورت كويستشنز والهاند اوت هو الجزء المقالي :119:
انا كاتبه كذا عندي :119:

(كتاب برجس محذوف جزء الشهري من 2الى 5 - اما الاوت لاين 3و4 زي ماقلت ما حذفتهم بس قالت من الهاند اوت و5 من الكتاب ماقالت عنه شي )
:love080:
بالتوفيق

[pretty]

طيب الهاند اوووت
من صفحه ٨ الى الأخير معناا

[aio0osh]

بنات شلون بتذاكرون كتاب البيرجس؟؟

[SUMMO]

^
^
نفس السؤال ..

وبعد عندي جابتر 5 في الاوت لاين و10 و 11 و 12 في برجس مو مأشر شالحل ؟ محد سألها عنهم وعن الملزمة الى صفحة كم ؟

[aio0osh]

الهاند أوت من 8-20

[lays]

اللي مو مخططين تبينا نذاكرهم من البريزنتيشن اللي سوينها علشان كذا كانت مركزه انه اللي سويتوا شامل او لا
يعني اللي معطتها كامل تذاكر منها ولا اذا عندكم ملازم العام ذاكروا منها

كتاب البيرجس مرررررا غبي ما فهمت شي قاعده اقري قرايه بس
والاوت لاين داخل معانا 5 ما حذفته

[white flower]

بنآآت أنآ رحت لهآ أمس

قآلت ركزو على التعآريف مرررآآ ،، كل تعريف عليهـ 4 درجآت

تبي التعآريف شآملة ،، مو مختصرهـ

الآوت لآين معآنآ 3 ، 4 ، 5

قآلت إن الأسئلة بتكون متنوعة ،، فيهآ فرآغآت و ممكن فيهآ صلي

و كمآن قآلت ركزو على اسمآء الكتآب وأعمآلهمـ لآزمـ تعرفوهآ

هذي ممكن تجي فرآغآت تكتب اسمـ الكآتب و انتي تكتبي اعمآلهـ او العكس

و ممكن تجي صلي الكتآب بأعمآلهمـ

الأسئلة المقآليهـ قآلت إن تبي اجوبتهآ من الملزمة و البرجس بس الظآهر تركيزهآ على الملزمة اكثر والله أعلمـ

البرجس من 6 إلى 12 معآنآ مع ان كلو هدرة فآضيهـ من جد مآ لهآ دآعي

إن شآء الله يكون الأختبآر سهل و حلو :119:

بالتوفيق للجميع

[رنومه..]

هلا بنات،،
مممم وحده راحت لمس هوما امس وقالت انو الهاند آوت من 8 لين 20 بسسس،،
وصفحه 9،10،، فقط اقريهم،،
وركزوا على شكسبير،،
<< بليز وحده من الي بيدها الحين الآوت لاين ومخطط،،
تقولي الشابتر الرابع،، بعد صفحه 43،، مخطط؟!

[pretty]

^^
لا بس قالت انتوووا احفظوا منه اعمال شكسبير
يعني خططي لنفسك :(269):

[منتدياتي]

احس جابتر 11 و12 و 10 مالهم داعي

شوفي الكتاب المشهورين واحفظو اعمالهم وكل شي يتعلق فيهم

هذا اللي بسويه

[maziona]

بنات الحيين الاعمال وكتابهم الي قالت ركزو عليهم من البيرجس والا الاوت لاين ؟؟؟

[pretty]

منتدياتي :sdfgdsf: (http://www.ckfu.org/vb/u43752.html)


ايش التوبيكات حق البرزنتيشن
غير ميلتووون

[الراحة بالجنة]

ايش التوبيكات حق البرزنتيشن
غير ميلتووون

التيودر ايج وميلتون حياته وأعماله

يعني تقدرين تقولين تشابتر 11 و12

[يوونا]

:(204):

[حكايا الورد]

بنـآآآت تتوقعوا تايبز أوف كوميدي في الملزمه مهمه ؟؟ :(107):

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

السلام عليكم ...

بنات الحين يعني نذاكر الملزمه من 8 إلى 20 طيب واللي بعد صفحه20 شو نحفظها ولا لا؟؟

[رنومه..]

بنـآآآت تتوقعوا تايبز أوف كوميدي في الملزمه مهمه ؟؟ :(107):

هالشي قريته بس بفهم،،


وبالملزمه الي بعد 20 مو معنا،، هذا كلامهاا،،



<<ممممم ركزوا علا ميلتون وشكسبير،،
احس مس هوما تحب تعيد المعلومات،،،

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

هالشي قريته بس بفهم،،


وبالملزمه الي بعد 20 مو معنا،، هذا كلامهاا،،



<<ممممم ركزوا علا ميلتون وشكسبير،،
احس مس هوما تحب تعيد المعلومات،،،

صدق كلامك يعني اتطمن لأن شايله هم مابديت بشي..

[رنومه..]

صدق كلامك يعني اتطمن لأن شايله هم مابديت بشي..


ايه حبيبتي تطمني،،،
اهم شي افهمي،،
عشان لاقدر الله وانكبناا،
يمدينا نحصل كم درجه،،
بالتوفيق،،،:love080:

[lays]

الملزمه كلماتها صعبه وحتي معومات ما حسيتها مهمه مرا تنرررفز قريتها قرايه اللي يستر لو جابت اسي منها :(

[رنومه..]

الملزمه كلماتها صعبه وحتي معومات ما حسيتها مهمه مرا تنرررفز قريتها قرايه اللي يستر لو جابت اسي منها :(


طيب عيوني ،،
علا الاقل ادرسي ميلتون وشكسبير،،
حرام لانو الايس ساي منها ،،
ويكفي البرجيس مفحطين فيه،،
والكلمات الصعبه ترجميهاا بعدين صيغيهاا باسلوبك،،

بالتوفيق،،:love080:

[منتدياتي]

هي قالت الايسي راح يكون عن شكسبير وملتون؟

[white flower]

لآ مآ قآلت ،، بس قآلت ان الإسي بيكون من الملزمة

وقآلت مو لآزمـ يكون نصآ ،، يعني انتي بس خلي عندكـ معلومآت صحيحة سوآء من البرجس او الملزمة

وصيغيهآ بطريقتكـ و خلآص ،، إن شآء الله يكون عن وآحد منهمـ أعتقد بيكون اسهل علينآآ

بالتوفيق

[منتدياتي]

الحين هي قالت تبي الكتاب واعمالهم فقط

ولا تبي شي ثاني بعد؟

[منتدياتي]

اذ في الشهر يجابت عن النورمان والثاني عن انجلو اتوقع بتجيب لنا عن الرنيسنس:biggrin:

[M.A.S]

بنااات شقال دكتور صلاح في البرووز وش نذااكر ؟؟
الروايه الثانيه وش سالفتها؟
من ويين نذاكرهاا :Cry111:
اللي عندها شي عنها تحطه بلييز بنات :sdfgdsf:

[يوونا]

والله نكبه هالنثر وش سالفته صلاح مصعبه هالترم

[M.A.S]

مدري عنه حتى درجات الميد سييئه :icon9:

بنات احد يدبر لنا تفريغ العام !

يقولون هو بالروايه الثانيه قال نقاط رئيسيه نركز عليها اللي تعرفها تقول :000:

[pretty]

والله النثر حاله صعبه
خاصه للي معها ماده ثانيه :bawling: شكسبير:000:

انا ارسلت ل د صلاح
بس ما رد علي :(107):
يمكن عشاني ناقشته في درجات الميد وعصب علي شوووي :(269):
ف بلييييز بنااات كلكم ارسلوا له
drsalnef@yahoo.com
يمكن يحن ويرد على وحده فينا :icon9:

[maziona]

وه و أخيرآآآآآآآآآآ افتكينـآآ من أكبر هم :000:

أحسه استنزف كل الطآقه :biggrin: .. شسمه بالنسبه للنثر قالو لي انو تكلم عن الكاتب و عن الثيم والبلوت و عن الثيورتي اوف بوتري و الـ 4 اكسبيرينسز الي مر فيهآآ
و النهآيه ووش اللي خلاه يصير سعيد .. و فيه سؤال الظاهر اممم اوصفي المكان الي كانو عايشن فييه
و فيه الظاهر بعد بس نسيته وشسمه عجزانه اقلب الكيبورد قلت لكم التاريخ استنزف كل الطاقه :cheese:

أنا برسل له بشووف يمكن يرد .. و اللي عنده شي بعد يضيفه

بالتوفيييييييييق ...,

[منتدياتي]

:Cry111: انشاء ناجحين بالتاريخ كنت شايله همه هم كبير

الحمد الله ع كل حال

انشاء الله ربي يوفقنا وينجحنا

[يوونا]

البروز محد ارسل لصلاح ؟؟؟

[hopeful]

بنات حبيباتي

احد يعرف العربي بكره اختباره من وين نذاكر؟؟ :(
بليز اذا تعرفون احد يختبره اسألو لي اياه
بإنتظاركم انا

[maziona]

^
^

انا عندي بكره وبذاكر من الملزمه .. اساسا مافي مرجع ثاني !

طيب السؤال الي يطرح نفسه هل مواضيع الملزمه معانا كلهاا ؟؟ ما عدا القصيده المحدوفه ؟؟

لأني ماحضرت أول محاضره و ماأدري :\

و شكرآآ



يونآآ .. انا ارسلت له من شوي بس لسى ما رد ..

[hopeful]

إذا هو على خبري فإنه كل الملزمه معنا ما فيه الا قصيدة الجاحظ مدري المتنبي اللي حذفته بالمد اصلاً

طيب ما تعرفين طريقة الاسئله ؟

[بسمة غرام]

بنااااااااااااات :sdfgdsf:
النثر وش نذاااكر فييه ؟ ياارب احس عمري مضيعه :Cry111:
المسرحيه الاولى بس من الملزمه صح
طيب المسرحيه الثانيه وش سالفتها:bawling:.. وش اسمها اصلا :biggrin:
بليييز اللي تعرف شيئ ترد

[حكايا الورد]

البروز محد ارسل لصلاح ؟؟؟


أرسلت له بس مارد .،

[يوونا]

يارب يرد ويفكنا

بسمه غرام ترى البروز مو مسرحيات بل روايات وهذا البلا لو مسرحيه ارحم

[يوونا]

اذا رد خبرونا مع اني ماأظن يرد

[pretty]

بناااات انا صورت دفتر بنت من بعد الشهرري
قررت خلاص بذاكر منه + بطلع من النت عن اللي قالت لنا عنه maziona (http://www.ckfu.org/vb/u9424.html)
لكاتب و عن الثيم والبلوت و عن الثيورتي اوف بوتري و الـ 4 اكسبيرينسز الي مر فيهآآ
و النهآيه ووش اللي خلاه يصير سعيد .. و فيه سؤال الظاهر اممم اوصفي المكان الي كانو عايشن فييه

طيب تبون اسوي لكم سكان او انزل الدفتر في فجر ...؟؟؟!

[يوونا]

ياليت pretty
تفكين ازمتنا اقل شي نلقى شي نذاكر منه
والله يوفقك باختباراتكـ

[dreama]

سلام ياعسولات ..

pretty يرحم امك نزليه هنا عشان انا ماقدر اروح فجر :Cry111:
تكفين انا محتاجته والله لادعي لك

حاولي تنزليه انا من اليوم بذاكر ,, ربي يسر لك كل امتحاناتك يارب:icon9:

,,, بنات تكفون الي عندها اي شي تضيفه بسرعه عشان يمدينا نذاكر نبي نعوض عن الشهري .. فوديتكم ربي يوفقكم كلكم يارب ..

[luly]

بناااات قصيده خليل مطراان
عندي في الملزمه الصفحاات نااقصه يعني بعد صفحه 113
على طول اللي بعدها 120
بليز بناات تل مي كلكم زيي والا بس انا نااقص عندي:icon9:

[hopeful]

Luly صعب العربي -_- ؟؟ متعيجزه ابدأ

[hopeful]

اييي luly حتى انا زييك .. مشكلتهم عاد!
مشّي

[luly]

لا ياااحيااتي كل شي واضح
بس مشكلت اللي يمسكوون الكتااب 12 سااعه
يعنني يحفروون على حجر بس مجرد الدخول الى قاعه الارهاب
وكل شي في الدماااغ يودع

سهاله سهاله انشالله

ترا النص المحذوف هووقصيده الجميح
قوود لك ايفري ون واللي كماان معااهم ترجمه :icon9:

[pretty]

Read all the novel and study all the topics that we covered in class.

Best of luck

هذا رد د صلاح :bawling:
ما استفدنا شيء :(177):

[منتدياتي]

بليز اللي صورت دفتر البنت

تسوي لنا سكان بليييييييييييييييز

الله يوفق الجميع

[dreama]

بناااااااااااااات بليييز طالبتكم ابيك تكتبون التوبيكات الي قالهم الدكتور في الرواية الثانية

وبذلت الـ 11 نقطه الي قالهم عنها,, بنات ربي يوفقكم يارب الي عندها تكتبها هنا اليوم ابيها تكفووون ,,,:Cry111:

[pretty]

برفع الملف اللحين
دقايق بس

[pretty]

ابداً مو راضي يظبط:bawling:
الرفع

[pretty]

سويت سكان للدفتر
بس لا تعتمدون عليه
حاولوا تاخذوون فكرره عن البلوت والثيم من النت

وتكفوون دعواتكم عندي بروز وشكسبير في نفس اليوم :mh12:
وادعوا للبنت اللي صورت دفترها :biggrin:


الصفحه الأولى

في المرفقات

[M.A.S]

pretty !!!!!!
نثر مو الاثنييين ؟؟!!!!
شكسبييير مو الاربعاااء !!!
لا تصدميييني بليييز :|

[pretty]

الثانيه

هي ٧ صفحات
بس الحجم كبير
مو قادره ارفع اكثر من وحده في رد

[pretty]

الأثنين قرامر ولااا
بلييييز بناااااات مين متأكده
:bawling:

[ŅǒǑǒBЧ]

^

النثر يوم الــأربعآء عندي معآه شكسبير :icon9:

والقرآمر يوم الـأثنين

[حكايا الورد]

بالنسبه للنثر .،
أنا كتبت معـــآه بعض الأشياء.. ان شاء الله بكرا بنزلهممم لكم بعد ما أخلص من العلة العربي .،
موفقــــآت .،

[pretty]

الثالثه

[pretty]

الرابعه

[M.A.S]

pretty
يعطيييك الف عافيه :106:
واي احد يفيدنا بشي :(204):

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

بسألكم عن المقال مع د صباح .. نحفظ الكلمات بالفهم ؟؟ وايش القطع الي معنا ...قالت شي عن الاختبار اخر محاضره ؟؟ >>عندي الاسي مع اللينقويستك ودي امر عليه اليوم

ايش الروايات الي تاخذونها بالنثر ..؟؟ عندي تفريغات العام ممكن افيدكم .

وإذا الي يدريسكم صلاح .. غالبا مايطلع من ملازمه بالفاينل ..

وبالتوفيييق:love080::love080: ..

[pretty]

الخامسه

[pretty]

السادسه

[M.A.S]

ايييه الله يعافييك اسعفيينا فيهم !

ندرس روبنسن كروزو
والثانيه The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia (http://www.google.com.sa/url?q=http://bookaudio.blogspot.com/2010/03/history-of-rasselas-prince-of-abissinia_1690.html&sa=U&ei=J0M7TcSJG4_Fswa32KzzBg&ved=0CBQQFjAB&usg=AFQjCNECnRxnChH9vd7vhYxKXq93Mx2Mug)

الثانيه ما عطانا ملازم لها ابددد :bawling:

[pretty]

السابعه والأخيره

[منتدياتي]

بسألكم عن المقال مع د صباح .. نحفظ الكلمات بالفهم ؟؟ وايش القطع الي معنا ...قالت شي عن الاختبار اخر محاضره ؟؟ >>عندي الاسي مع اللينقويستك ودي امر عليه اليوم

ايش الروايات الي تاخذونها بالنثر ..؟؟ عندي تفريغات العام ممكن افيدكم .

وإذا الي يدريسكم صلاح .. غالبا مايطلع من ملازمه بالفاينل ..

وبالتوفيييق:love080::love080: ..

اذا عندش the hstory of rasselas

نزليها هون وربي يوفقك دنيا واخره

[منتدياتي]

بنات تفكرون تاخذون معه السمستر الجاي اللي عندهم نثر4 :33_asmilies-com:

واللي ناجحين منه تفكرون تاخذون صلاح مرة ثانية:lllolll:؟

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

هذي اسئله كانت مهمه العام . بس مو شرط د.صلاح مركز عليها لأن كانت تدرسنا د.مها سلام .. بس اقرأوها تفيدكم بشخصيات واشياء زي كذا ..


Do you think that Robinson Crouse is a Tabula Rasa or not ? Why?
Do you think that Rasselas is a Tabula Rasa or not? Why? Give reasons for your answer.
Despite having everything in the Happy Valley, people there are not happy. They are described as prisoners. Despite all the elements that are there in the Happy Valley, there is unhappiness. Rasselas feels unhappy this is why he decided to leave the valley to the outside world. He is not satisfied with his life in the valley. This unhappiness is the motif that caused him to go and see the outside world. It is because of human curiosity, the desire for knowledge. He wants to have first hand knowledge. He does not want to get it from lessons. He wants to have his own experience in life.
The author hints to some things in chapter 1. these hints come true in chapter 2. He just hints that these people are living in luxuries, happily, having all sources for entertainment, but they are like prisoners. This is what happens actually in chapter 2. Rasselas starts having the feeling of boredom. He starts having dis****************************. He begins to question his teachers. He starts having this idea of escape. Most of the themes are in the first chapter. In the following chapters they are realized as we read along in the novel.
One of the major themes in the novel is the desire for first hand knowledge. The nature of happiness is another major theme. The novelist is a pessimistic. He thought that people can never be happy- there is no happiness on earth. Happiness is something allusive. Happiness has an illusive nature.
Samuel Johnson was mainly a philosopher- a man of ideas. He always thinks about the nature of things. Defoe was mainly a journalist. When he wrote his first novel Robinson Crusoe, he pretended that it was a real story.
In Rasselas the theme can be about the nature of happiness, the human desire to get first hand experience. This is something philosophical or serious. Johnson wrote many books about philosophy. This is the only book that can be considered as a novel. Some critics say that it is not a true novel; it is a book of moral allegory, philosophy.
One of the important themes in Rasselas is the theme of
freedom.


[
in crusoe Tabula Rasa
if a person is like am empty sheet of paper- any body can write on it- like a n infant- a newly born baby- he is a Tabula Rasa- he does not know anything- he does not have any memories- and then his parents start teaching him- he starts to know people- he grows up- gets information and form his character
It can be part of the character of Robinson Crusoe- some critics mention that the character of Robinson Crusoe is like Tabula Rasa when he first went to the island. He did not have anything at all. He stared being formed as a newly born baby. But other critics refused this saying that when he was sent to the island; he was not like a newly born baby. He has memories. He remembers

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

plot of Rasselas

Rasselas is searching for happiness. He and Imlac, an Eastern wise man, dig their way out of the Happy Valley, where the Emperor's children are confined. Nekayah, his sister, and Pekuah, her companion, accompany the two men. Their search takes them from Suez to Cairo, visiting all types of men, and finding that no one is really happy. At the Pyramids, Pekuah is kidnapped by Arabs. After her release, all decide on what would bring them true happiness. Pekuah chooses a convent, Nekayah chooses knowledge, the Prince would like a little kingdom where he could administer justice. Knowing that they will never obtain these things, they finally journey back home.

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

Master servant relationship

In Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" the theme of master servant relationship is clear..After being the master of the whole island,nature & animals Robinson Crusoe was successful to be a master over human beings too..since the first day in which he saw Friday, he decided to make him his slave in order to help him in cultivation and other works he achieves on the island as he already feels that he is like a king or a empror.
A very strong relation linked between both of Robinson Crusoe and Friday...it's the relation of love and mutualism as friday shared Crusoe in all the works and activities on the island.
There is also a very important relation that links the two men; it is the spiritual or the relegious relationship; it was Crusoe that teached Friday the rituals of the Christian doctrine, he was able to change him from cannibalism to a real Christian man who believes in God.
Master servant relationship in "Robinson Crusoe" can also be seen as a relation of capitalism as they divided labour among them with equal shares

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

Parental authority can be defined as the group of right and powers that the law accords to the parents of their minor children , to the end of their accomplishing the duties of protection , education , and support that are incumbent on them . In a lot of cases , the parental authority is given to the father , and it should be equally shared by the two parents, without any gender distinction .
Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe , is a novel rich with its varying themes . Among these , is a theme about fathers and sons , this theme acts , as a developmental tool which can be seen from the beginning to the end .
At the beginning , we are introduced to Robinson Crusoe and his father who wanted him to become a lawyer , and when he saw that Robinson has a big desire to go to sea and to be a sailor and a merchant through travel by ships to raise his fortune , he tried to persuade him to stay in the middle - class where he could be happy .
His father said that the life of a man firmly rooted in the middle class is happy because it is safe and comfortable , while the upper class people are ambitious and they put their lives in danger for the sake of fame and fortune . On the other hand , the life of lower class people is full of suffering and hard work . Therefore , Robinson's state is the most proper class to human happiness .
Instead , Robinson Crusoe defies his father by partaking in a voyage , but almost immediately when the wind began to blow , and the sea to rise in a most frightful manner , Robinson Crusoe , who had never been to sea before , saw this , as a sign that he was justly " overtaken by the judgment of Heaven " for his disobedience to his father , and for his wicked leaving of his father's house without letting anyone know .
In the beginning of Robinson Crusoe , the narrator deals with , not society , but his family’s views on , how he was bound to fail in life if his parents’ expectations of him taking the family business , were not met .
However , Defoe’s novel was somewhat autobiographical . “ What Defoe wrote was intimately connected with the sort of life he led , and with the friends and enemies he made .
These similarities are seen throughout the novel . “ My father ... gave me serious and excellent counsel against what he foresaw was my design , ” says Crusoe . Like Crusoe , Defoe also rebelled against his parents

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

^
^
الاشياء الي كتبتها زي ماقلت هذي مواضيع كنا مطالبين فيها العام يعني نشرح التوبيك ونضرب امثله من الروايتين .. لكن انتو خذو المعلومه عامه ممكن تسعفكم بالاختبار ..

>> عندي اوراق عن الشخصيات واشياء بخط يدي .. وماعندي سكانر .. بدور لكم عن التفريغ بأرشيف الايميل .. وبرجع ..

وبليييز الي تعرف عن استفساري عن المقال فوق ترد علي .. بالتوفيق :106:

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

Robinson Crusoe
by
Daniel Defoe

SETTING

When the story begins, the setting is England. Some of the action thereafter takes place at sea in various ships. Once the pirates capture Crusoe, the action moves to Sallee, a port in Morocco. After Crusoe's escape from there, the setting moves to the Canary Islands, until a Portuguese ship arrives. For the next few years, the novel is set in Brazil. Then Crusoe embarks on his ill-fated voyage. After the shipwreck, Crusoe washes ashore on an uninhabited island, where Crusoe spends the next twenty-eight years of his life; most of the novel takes place on the island during these years. After Crusoe is rescued from the island, the setting moves to England, via Lisbon and the land route through Spain and France to Calais.

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

PLOT

Robinson Crusoe, born in York, is the third son in his family. His parents wish to make a lawyer out of young Crusoe, but Crusoe has other plans. His one great desire is to become a sailor and go to sea. The first foreshadows what lies ahead for the hero. Although his father refuses to give him permission to go to sea, Crusoe runs away to become a sailor. Although almost all of his initial forays into sea life are disastrous, Crusoe is not deterred. During one of his trips, the Moors capture his ship, and Crusoe is taken as a slave. He finally escapes in a boat with another young man. After some interesting adventures, he is rescued by a Portuguese ship. He next lands in Brazil, where his enterprising ways help him to succeed; he becomes a planter and prospers in a few years time. Still not satisfied with his success, he decides to become a slave trader in order to get cheap labor for his plantation. As he travels by boat to find slaves, a storm hits, and his ship is wrecked. All the sailors are drowned except for Crusoe, who is washed ashore on an uninhabited island.

The novel is basically about the life and adventures of Crusoe on the island, where he lives for the next twenty-eight years. Crusoe salvages as much as he can from the ship. He builds a home, strong fortifications, plows the land, cultivates corn and rice, and raises goats. His peaceful existence is interrupted when savages land on the island. Crusoe rescues Friday, one of the savages' prisoners, whom he educates and converts to Christianity. When the cannibals visit next, Friday and Crusoe rescue two of their prisoners, a Spaniard and a savage. The savage turns out to be Friday's father. An expedition is sent to the mainland in a canoe to bring back sixteen Spaniards who have been marooned there.

An English ship visits the coast, and a few of its crew come ashore in a boat. Crusoe realizes that the visitors are mutineers and that the captain and men loyal to him are being held as prisoners. With good planning, Crusoe and Friday subdue the mutineers and rescue the captain and his crew. When the ship sends another boat with men ashore, they are also tricked and captured by Crusoe's men. Now, all that stands in the way of Crusoe's deliverance is the remaining men on the ship. In a final assault, the ship is captured, and the rebel captain is killed. Soon Crusoe sails from the island in the capture ship and finally reaches England.
Back home, Crusoe finds that most of his family members have died. He also learns that his plantation in Brazil has thrived during his absence. As a result, he is enormously wealthy. The older, mature Crusoe is gracious in his new status and generous towards his old friends and the remaining members of his family. There are, however, some more adventures in life for Crusoe and his friends as they travel the land route through Europe to Calais. In the end, Crusoe settles down, gets married, and has three children. Many years later he visits his old island and finds it has been settled. He promises to send the inhabitants more essential things from Brazil. On this note the story ends.

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

CHARACTER LIST

Robinson Crusoe: the main character of the story, he is a rebellious youth with an inexplicable need to travel. Because of this need, he brings misfortune on himself and is left to fend for himself in a primitive land. The novel essentially chronicles his mental and spiritual development as a result of his isolation. He is a contradictory character; at the same time he is practical ingenuity and immature decisiveness.

Xury: a friend/servant of Crusoe's, he also escapes from the Moors. A simple youth who is dedicated to Crusoe, he is admirable for his willingness to stand by the narrator. However, he does not think for himself.

Friday: another friend/servant of Crusoe's, he spends a number of years on the island with the main character, who saves him from cannibalistic death. Friday is basically Crusoe's protege, a living example of religious justification of the slavery relationship between the two men. His eagerness to be redone in the European image is supposed to convey that this image is indeed the right one.

Crusoe's father: although he appears only briefly in the beginning, he embodies the theme of the merits of Protestant, middle-class living. It is his teachings from which Crusoe is running, with poor success.

Crusoe's mother: one of the few female figures, she fully supports her husband and will not let Crusoe go on a voyage.

Moorish patron: Crusoe's slave master, he allows for a role reversal of white men as slaves. He apparently is not too swift, however, in that he basically hands Crusoe an escape opportunity.

Portuguese sea captain: one of the kindest figures in the book, he is an honest man who embodies all the Christian ideals. Everyone is supposed to admire him for his extreme generosity to the narrator. He almost takes the place of Crusoe's father.

Spaniard: one of the prisoners saved by Crusoe, it is interesting to note that he is treated with much more respect in Crusoe's mind than any of the colored peoples with whom Crusoe is in contact.

Captured sea captain: he is an ideal soldier, the intersection between civilized European and savage white man. Crusoe's support of his fight reveals that the narrator no longer has purely religious motivations.

Widow: she is goodness personified, and keeps Crusoe's money safe for him. She is in some way a foil to his mother, who does not support him at all.

Savages: the cannibals from across the way, they represent the threat to Crusoe's religious and moral convictions, as well as his safety. He must conquer them before returning to his own world.

Negroes: they help Xury and Crusoe when they land on their island, and exist in stark contrast to the savages.

Traitorous crew members: they are an example of white men who do not heed God; they are white savages.

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

Themes


The Ambivalence of Mastery

Crusoe’s success in mastering his situation, overcoming his obstacles, and controlling his environment shows the condition of mastery in a positive light, at least at the beginning of the novel. Crusoe lands in an inhospitable environment and makes it his home. His taming and domestication of wild goats and parrots with Crusoe as their master illustrates his newfound control. Moreover, Crusoe’s mastery over nature makes him a master of his fate and of himself. Early in the novel, he frequently blames himself for disobeying his father’s advice or blames the destiny that drove him to sea. But in the later part of the novel, Crusoe stops viewing himself as a passive victim and strikes a new note of self-determination. In building a home for himself on the island, he finds that he is master of his life—he suffers a hard fate and still finds prosperity.
But this theme of mastery becomes more complex and less positive after Friday’s arrival, when the idea of mastery comes to apply more to unfair relationships between humans. In Chapter XXIII, Crusoe teaches Friday the word “[m]aster” even before teaching him “yes” and “no,” and indeed he lets him “know that was to be [Crusoe’s] name.” Crusoe never entertains the idea of considering Friday a friend or equal—for some reason, superiority comes instinctively to him. We further question Crusoe’s right to be called “[m]aster” when he later refers to himself as “king” over the natives and Europeans, who are his “subjects.” In short, while Crusoe seems praiseworthy in mastering his fate, the praiseworthiness of his mastery over his fellow humans is more doubtful. Defoe explores the link between the two in his depiction of the colonial mind.

The Necessity of Repentance

Crusoe’s experiences constitute not simply an adventure story in which thrilling things happen, but also a moral tale illustrating the right and wrong ways to live one’s life. This moral and religious dimension of the tale is indicated in the Preface, which states that Crusoe’s story is being published to instruct others in God’s wisdom, and one vital part of this wisdom is the importance of repenting one’s sins. While it is important to be grateful for God’s miracles, as Crusoe is when his grain sprouts, it is not enough simply to express gratitude or even to pray to God, as Crusoe does several times with few results. Crusoe needs repentance most, as he learns from the fiery angelic figure that comes to him during a feverish hallucination and says, “Seeing all these things have not brought thee to repentance, now thou shalt die.” Crusoe believes that his major sin is his rebellious behavior toward his father, which he refers to as his “original sin,” akin to Adam and Eve’s first disobedience of God. This biblical reference also suggests that Crusoe’s exile from civilization represents Adam and Eve’s expulsion from Eden.
For Crusoe, repentance consists of acknowledging his wretchedness and his absolute dependence on the Lord. This admission marks a turning point in Crusoe’s spiritual consciousness, and is almost a born-again experience for him. After repentance, he complains much less about his sad fate and views the island more positively. Later, when Crusoe is rescued and his fortune restored, he compares himself to Job, who also regained divine favor. Ironically, this view of the necessity of repentance ends up justifying sin: Crusoe may never have learned to repent if he had never sinfully disobeyed his father in the first place. Thus, as powerful as the theme of repentance is in the novel, it is nevertheless complex and ambiguous.




The Importance of Self-Awareness

Crusoe’s arrival on the island does not make him revert to a brute existence controlled by animal instincts, and, unlike animals, he remains conscious of himself at all times. Indeed, his island existence actually deepens his self-awareness as he withdraws from the external social world and turns inward. The idea that the individual must keep a careful reckoning of the state of his own soul is a key point in the Presbyterian doctrine that Defoe took seriously all his life. We see that in his normal day-to-day activities, Crusoe keeps accounts of himself enthusiastically and in various ways. For example, it is significant that Crusoe’s makeshift calendar does not simply mark the passing of days, but instead more egocentrically marks the days he has spent on the island: it is about him, a sort of self-conscious or autobiographical calendar with him at its center. Similarly, Crusoe obsessively keeps a journal to record his daily activities, even when they amount to nothing more than finding a few pieces of wood on the beach or waiting inside while it rains. Crusoe feels the importance of staying aware of his situation at all times. We can also sense Crusoe’s impulse toward self-awareness in the fact that he teaches his parrot to say the words, “Poor Robin Crusoe. . . . Where have you been?” This sort of self-examining thought is natural for anyone alone on a desert island, but it is given a strange intensity when we recall that Crusoe has spent months teaching the bird to say it back to him. Crusoe teaches nature itself to voice his own self-awareness.

Motifs

Motifs are recurring structures, contrasts, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text’s major themes.

Counting and Measuring

Crusoe is a careful note-taker whenever numbers and quantities are involved. He does not simply tell us that his hedge encloses a large space, but informs us with a surveyor’s precision that the space is “150 yards in length, and 100 yards in breadth.” He tells us not simply that he spends a long time making his canoe in Chapter XVI, but that it takes precisely twenty days to fell the tree and fourteen to remove the branches. It is not just an immense tree, but is “five foot ten inches in diameter at the lower part . . . and four foot eleven inches diameter at the end of twenty-two foot.” Furthermore, time is measured with similar exactitude, as Crusoe’s journal shows. We may often wonder why Crusoe feels it useful to record that it did not rain on December 26, but for him the necessity of counting out each day is never questioned. All these examples of counting and measuring underscore Crusoe’s practical, businesslike character and his hands-on approach to life. But Defoe sometimes hints at the futility of Crusoe’s measuring—as when the carefully measured canoe cannot reach water or when his obsessively kept calendar is thrown off by a day of oversleeping. Defoe may be subtly poking fun at the urge to quantify, showing us that, in the end, everything Crusoe counts never really adds up to much and does not save him from isolation.

Eating

One of Crusoe’s first concerns after his shipwreck is his food supply. Even while he is still wet from the sea in Chapter V, he frets about not having “anything to eat or drink to comfort me.” He soon provides himself with food, and indeed each new edible item marks a new stage in his mastery of the island, so that his food supply becomes a symbol of his survival. His securing of goat meat staves off immediate starvation, and his discovery of grain is viewed as a miracle, like manna from heaven. His cultivation of raisins, almost a luxury food for Crusoe, marks a new comfortable period in his island existence. In a way, these images of eating convey Crusoe’s ability to integrate the island into his life, just as food is integrated into the body to let the organism grow and prosper. But no sooner does Crusoe master the art of eating than he begins to fear being eaten himself. The cannibals transform Crusoe from the consumer into a potential object to be consumed. Life for Crusoe always illustrates this eat or be eaten philosophy, since even back in Europe he is threatened by man-eating wolves. Eating is an image of existence itself, just as being eaten signifies death for Crusoe.

Ordeals at Sea

Crusoe’s encounters with water in the novel are often associated not simply with hardship, but with a kind of symbolic ordeal, or test of character. First, the storm off the coast of Yarmouth frightens Crusoe’s friend away from a life at sea, but does not deter Crusoe. Then, in his first trading voyage, he proves himself a capable merchant, and in his second one, he shows he is able to survive enslavement. His escape from his Moorish master and his successful encounter with the Africans both occur at sea. Most significantly, Crusoe survives his shipwreck after a lengthy immersion in water. But the sea remains a source of danger and fear even later, when the cannibals arrive in canoes. The Spanish shipwreck reminds Crusoe of the destructive power of water and of his own good fortune in surviving it. All the life-testing water imagery in the novel has subtle associations with the rite of baptism, by which Christians prove their faith and enter a new life saved by Christ.

Symbols

Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts.

The Footprint

Crusoe’s shocking discovery of a single footprint on the sand in Chapter XVIII is one of the most famous moments in the novel, and it symbolizes our hero’s conflicted feelings about human companionship. Crusoe has earlier confessed how much he misses companionship, yet the evidence of a man on his island sends him into a panic. Immediately he interprets the footprint negatively, as the print of the devil or of an aggressor. He never for a moment entertains hope that it could belong to an angel or another European who could rescue or befriend him. This instinctively negative and fearful attitude toward others makes us consider the possibility that Crusoe may not want to return to human society after all, and that the isolation he is experiencing may actually be his ideal state.

The Cross

Concerned that he will “lose [his] reckoning of time” in Chapter VII, Crusoe marks the passing of days “with [his] knife upon a large post, in capital letters, and making it into a great cross . . . set[s] it up on the shore where [he] first landed. . . .” The large size and capital letters show us how important this cross is to Crusoe as a timekeeping device and thus also as a way of relating himself to the larger social world where dates and calendars still matter. But the cross is also a symbol of his own new existence on the island, just as the Christian cross is a symbol of the Christian’s new life in Christ after baptism, an immersion in water like Crusoe’s shipwreck experience. Yet Crusoe’s large cross seems somewhat blasphemous in making no reference to Christ. Instead, it is a memorial to Crusoe himself, underscoring how completely he has become the center of his own life.

Crusoe’s Bower

On a scouting tour around the island, Crusoe discovers a delightful valley in which he decides to build a country retreat or “bower” in Chapter XII. This bower contrasts sharply with Crusoe’s first residence, since it is built not for the practical purpose of shelter or storage, but simply for pleasure: “because I was so enamoured of the place.” Crusoe is no longer focused solely on survival, which by this point in the novel is more or less secure. Now, for the first time since his arrival, he thinks in terms of “pleasantness.” Thus, the bower symbolizes a radical improvement in Crusoe’s attitude toward his time on the island. Island life is no longer necessarily a disaster to suffer through, but may be an opportunity for enjoyment—just as, for the Presbyterian, life may be enjoyed only after hard work has been finished and repentance achieved.

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

راسلاس أمير الحبشة.. تدور هده القصة حول راسلاس وأخته اللذين يهاجران للبحث عن السعادة، ويطوفان البلاد الواسعة، وينشغلان بحوارات فلسفية كما يقابلان الكثير من المتحذلقين، وفي النهاية يصل إلى القاهرة ويعلن أنه وجد السعادة في وجوه الناس.

>>> هذي بالمختصر زبدة قصة راسلس للي مو فاهم هي عن ايش تتكلم

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

SUMMARY:

Rasselas is searching for happiness. He and Imlac, an Eastern wise man, dig their way out of the Happy Valley, where the Emperor's children are confined. Nekayah, his sister, and Pekuah, her maid, accompany the two men. Their search takes them from Suez to Cairo. They visit all types of men, and finding that no one is really happy. At the Pyramids, Pekuah is kidnapped. After her release, they all decide on what would bring them true happiness. Pekuah chooses a convent, Nekayah chooses knowledge, the Prince would like to have a little kingdom where he could administer justice. Knowing that they will never obtain these things, they finally back home.



يبحث رسلاس عن السعادة. فخرج رسلاس ومعه املاق – رجل شرقي حكيم- خارج الوادي السعيد حيث كانت تنحصر على أولاد الإمبراطور. رافق الرجلان نكايه – أخته- و بكواه خادمتها. أخذهم بحثهم من السويس إلى القاهرة. وقد زاروا مختلف الأشخاص مكتشفين انه لم يكن شخص واحد سعيدا بحق. واختطفت بكواه عند الأهرامات. وبعد إطلاق سراحها, قرر الجميع ما الذي قد يجعلهم سعداء بصدق. اختارت بكواه الدير، واختارت نكايه المعرفة، أما الأمير فأراد أن يمتلك مملكة صغير يستطيع أن يحقق العدالة فيها. مع أنهم يعلمون أنهم لن يحققوا هذه الأشياء إلا أنهم عادوا لوطنهم

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

CHARACTERS:


RASSELAS:

He is the prince of Abissinia. He is the fourth son of the king. Because of that, he doesn't have a hope of being a king. He tries to enjoy life. His every need is met. He has a tutor who tells him every thing about life.

When he is 26, he realized that he is bored. He explains the reason of his boredom that he can not live like an animal. To him, living in the palace is living like animals. He is curious and wants to have some knowledge. As a result of that he is unhappy.


Rasselas' goal is to make a "choice of life". He wants to search for happiness outside the happy valley, so he successes to escape from it. He clearly knows the type of happiness that he wants to discover. "Happiness" said he "must be something solid and permanent, without fear and without uncertainty". He demonstrates great determination in his search and doses not want to give up.

IMLAC

Imlac is the wise teacher and guide who accompanies Rasselas on his travel in search of happiness and the meaning of existence. He travels to a lot and different countries to learn. That's why Rasselas makes him his guide because he knows about the outside world.

His own sense that happiness was inevitably elusive and perhaps illusory, his own tendency relies on hope for the future, and his own paradoxical reluctance to live –emotionally- in the future.

Imlac rehearsed upon the various conditions of humanity.

NEKAYAH

She is the prince's sister. She is courageous to take the decision to go and search for happiness with her brother.

She is restless like her brother. She is searching for ease of life. She is always motivated by hope, that's why she joined her brother in his journey to search for happiness. She came to the same result at the end of the story when she realized that real happiness cannot be earthy it only can be granted by God in the other life.

She gets more mature because of the experience. She had been too long accustomed to the conversation of Imlac and her brother to be much pleased with childish levity

[Sara Bnt Thomas]

بنات بسالكم بالنسبه لاختبار بكرا العربي ..
القران الكريم والحديث الشريف آخر درس معنا ولا ؟
والمتنبي معنا ولا ؟
وبالنسبه للكتاب نحفظ حياتهم والتواريخ ؟

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

هذا تفريغ محاضرة د. مها سلام حقت العام ...

RASSELAS
chapter1

Ye who listen with credulity to the whispers of fancy, and pursue with eagerness the phantoms of hope; who expect that age will perform the promises of youth, and that the deficiencies of the present day will be supplied by the morrow; attend to the history of Rasselas prince of Abissinia.
The narrative voice in this paragraph is the second form of – person narration. It is related to the old form of writing= the oral story telling form. Long go, they wrote manuscript. The narrative voice used in many of those manuscripts was the second person narration. This form of narration is not common nowadays. It was only common in the old manuscripts and the oral story telling.
This form is used by Samuel Johnson in the 18th century people. He wanted to imitate the old style of manuscript. He is trying to write in a way similar to the manuscripts.
The purpose of this is to attract the attention of the audience. He wanted us to expect an old story that is set in the old times.
He is addressing the audience as if they are sitting in front of him. He wants us to pay attention and to listen to the story in which we find fancy and real life mixed together.
He is imitating the style of the old manuscript to make the readers expect a story that is of the ancient time.
The narrative voice in Robinson Crusoe is the first person narration.
Ye= old form of you.
The narrator is addressing us who are listening to him.
He wants the readers to pay attention –he wants us to listen to the story of Rasselas. He is addressing especially the young people who have hopes and dreams to be fulfilled before they reach the old age.
In the first paragraph he gives us some of the themes. It introduces some of the themes.
There is a reference to the theme of hope of the youth. We have great hopes for the future. The old age is going to achieve these hopes.
He wants the young who hopes to fulfill their hopes in the future to listen to the story. These hopes may not come true or may not be achieved. In his story, he will show them that not everything they hope for when they are young, are going to be achieved when we get old.
Rasselas was the fourth son of the mighty emperour, in whose dominions the Father of waters begins his course; whose bounty pours down the streams of plenty, and scatters over half the world the harvests of Egypt.
The narrative voice changes. It becomes the third person narration. There is a shift. The second person narration is only used in the first paragraph.
He starts telling the story of Rasselas. He is going to tell his story from the moment of his birth to the end of his life.
The narrator is addressing the readers directly by using the second person narration. He wants to attract our attention and to show us that he is going to write and old story.
As soon as he moves to the next paragraph, he shifts the narrative's view point. He uses the third person narration. He continues using it for a number of chapters in the novel. He is telling the story of someone. He is giving us information about him.
He gives us information about Rasselas ' birth- who he is. He is the forth son of a mighty emperor of Abyssinia.
the Father of waters = the River Nile
Abyssinia is the source of the River Nile.
All this make us feel that it is the old style of life- not a modern one. We get the impression that it is an old story.
Why this is considered to be an old story?
He is using the second person narrative in the first paragraph like the old manuscripts. We have some of the old expressions like the Father of waters. This is the country where the River Nile originates.
It imitates the style of old novels.
According to the custom which has descended from age to age among the monarchs of the torrid zone, Rasselas was confined in a private palace, with the other sons and daughters of Abissinian royalty, till the order of succession should call him to the throne.
Abyssinia is in the centre of Africa. It is in a tropical zone. According to the customs, a prince or a son of a monarch, he is kept in a certain place with other sons and daughters of royalty till he becomes the king.
The place where the sons and daughters of the king are kept is like a paradise. Every thing they want , they found there- all types of plants, animals are there. They live in luxury.
All the sons and the daughters of the king are kept in a certain palace in a certain valley. They have many servants. Even the nature around the place is very rich. They have teachers to teach them.
Rasselas is one of the king's sons. They are keep there till the orders come to be the kings. They are never allowed to leave this place except when the time comes to succeed the king to the throne.
They live in a place like heaven on earth- paradise. Everything is available.
The palace where they live is in the middle of a valley. It is surrounded by very high mountains. They are very hard to climb. The only way to communicate with the outside world is through a small cave which has a gate which is never opened except once a year when the emperor himself pays the annual visit. The king comes to visit his sons and daughters once a year. During this annual visit many people are added to those who are inside- the actors- dancers- singers- teachers- they can entire this community. Whenever a person enters the valley, they never come out. The only one who can get out is the emperor himself. The people whom he brings to the valley just enter and they never return. Nobody is allowed to stay there and then go out except only the emperor.
Rasselas is our protagonist but not our narrator.
The difference between Robinson Crusoe and Rasselas is that Robinson is the protagonist and the narrator. It is the first person narration. Rasselas is just the protagonist. He is not narrating the story.
Another theme is freedom and the importance of freedom even one is a prince who lives in all the luxury, still he prefers to be free.
The setting: The time is of ancient time for a number of reasons. It is ancient- not in the 18th century.
If we to compare between the setting= the place and the time of the two novels:
Robinson Crouse is talking about the middle class of the 18th century England- Africa- Brazil= realistic places. The island is the main setting of the novel.
In Rasselas, the time is of the old times. The place is a valley in Abyssinia- it is an ancient name- even though the name of Abyssinia which is a real country , yet we do not feel that it is realistic to have such a valley because it seems to be like paradise on earth.
The place is a certain valley which is like Eden= like a paradise on earth. It is an imaginary place setting.
It is an exotic setting= strange and beautiful= like the description of the setting and the palace. Like الف ليلة و ليلة
According to the custom which has descended from age to age among= this shows that it is an ancient novel. He is talking about old ages, customs, traditions.
Rasselas was confined in a private palace, with the other sons and daughters of Abissinian royalty, till the order of succession should call him to the throne.

was confined= imprisoned.
He is kept in the palace till it comes his turn to the throne.
The place, which the wisdom or policy of antiquity had destined for the residence of the Abissinian princes, was a spacious valley in the kingdom of Amhara, surrounded on every side by mountains, of which the summits overhang the middle part.
a spacious valley= very big wide valley
the kingdom of Amhara= ancient name- a place in Abyssinia. It was a kingdom at that time.
The valley is surrounded on every side by mountains.
The only passage, by which it could be entered, was a cavern that passed under a rock, of which it has long been disputed whether it was the work of nature or of human industry.
This cavern through the mountain through which people will come to the valley was situated under a rock. He was influenced by the Arabian Nights. It was translated into English during the 18th century.
The outlet of the cavern was concealed by a thick wood, and the mouth which opened into the valley was closed with gates of iron, forged by the artificers of ancient days, so massy that no man could, without the help of engines, open or shut them.
It was impossible to pass from this palace to the outside world. The gates of iron were made by artificers of ancient days. These gates were very heavy, very big in size.
All this is to show us that it is impossible to get out of the valley to the outside world. It was like a prison. This is one of our themes- the theme of imprisonment. Even if the place is like a paradise where one can get all his desires, it could be like a prison. He does not have freedom. He is imprisoned.
Everything is there in the valley; even the wild animals but they do not hurt anyone. It is a very exotic setting. It is a place of total security or safety. There was a sense of security that was prevailing in the palace. This is the total opposite feeling of Robinson Crusoe.
It is not similar to the island of Robinson Crusoe. All the time he is afraid that he would be attacked by savages or beasts. He surrounded his habitation with a fence. He is never safe. He felt no feeling of security. He never enjoyed security and safety for a single moment.
Another point of difference is that Robinson was alone, solitude. He lacks human company. Rasselas is not alone at all. He has hundreds of people with him giving him company. He has brothers, sisters, servants, teachers, wise men, philosophers in the palace.
Robinson even after having Friday, he is still alone. He takes him as his slave.
At the end Robinson is rescued by a ship and he was safe.
Rasselas will try to find a method to escape from this palace in the valley. When he escapes, he has many adventures in the outside world.
There is also a similarity between this place and the place of Robinson Crouse. Both places are like prisons. Once he is on the island, he can never leave.
All nature and man are protecting this valley.
All the diversities of the world were brought together, the blessings of nature were collected, and its evils extracted and excluded.
It is a very important quotation
He is still describing the palace. The palace has everything. Everything is living there in harmony. All the diversities= all the valuable elements, all the different elements of the world, all the luxuries are there. all the diversities are there but in harmony- in peace- no fighting, no quarrel between them. They are coexisting peacefully.
This quotation is explaining to us many things. It shows all the luxuries that are there. Everything which is evil is excluded. Although the palace has many features in it, but they are all living peacefully. The luxuries are the luxurious food, drink, entertainment in the palace. All these things were not there on Robinson Crouse's island. He was on an empty island, has no sense of security, all the time he is afraid that he would be attacked by savages or beasts. The island was a place where he could not find the necessities. He had to struggle in order to find fresh water to drink. He could not find the essential of eating except after much struggle. In the palace in the valley, there is everything even the luxuries. There are the things that they even dream with- things that are not found in real life. All the good was there. Evil is not allowed to enter the paradise. That is why he calls it a paradise. Evil is not supposed to enter it.
The quotation is important. It tells us many things about the setting. It tells us a very important comparison between this setting and the setting of Robinson Crusoe.
Such was the appearance of security and delight which this retirement afforded, that they to whom it was new always desired that it might be perpetual;
this retirement= a place where we go to relax , to be away from all the problems of life.
Those who come to this place from the outside world have the impression of having all he luxuries in the valley. They wish to live there for ever- like in paradise. They wish that it could be perpetual= continuous
and as those, on whom the iron gate had once closed, were never suffered to return, the effect of longer experience could not be known.

Thus every year produced new schemes of delight, and new competitors for imprisonment.

The style: heis using ancient things, make reference to ancient times, refers to ancient times. He is saying things between the lines= the technique of hinting- he is using indirect hints. [you have to give examples from the novel]
Everyone who comes from outside the valley wishes that his life in the valley would be for ever. They never return.
He does not say directly that our hopes can be shuttered- not everything that we may hope for in our young age could be achieved.
This quotation is related to the fact that Samuel Johnson is using the technique of hinting. He is referring to many things that are said between the lines.
He is hitting to the fact that those people who enter the palace where the life is luxurious- like [paradise- they are not very happy. They are not allowed to go outside the palace. It is like a prison.
Not everybody in the palace is happy. He never said it openly. He is hinting. Since any one who enters the valley is never allowed to leave, no body knows happiness there. They are unhappy.
The style is not direct. It is full of hints.

The text is described as a moral allegory. Rasselas is like Adam living in Paradise
Robinson Crusoe is a realistic story and a moral allegory. Robison is like Adam living on that island.
Both books are moral allegory.
They are totally different. One of them Robinson Crusoe is a realistic novel, Rasselas is a totally imagined novel like the Arabian Nights.
Rasselas is considered a satire- making fun of human follies.
Rasselas is a novel, a molar allegory and a satire.
Robinson Crusoe is a realistic novel and a moral allegory.
Samuel Johnson is like a philosopher. The novel is like an explanation of his philosophy= how human are never happy when they are in a place like paradise. They want to escape it. He is realistic. He is showing a pessimistic view of life.

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

المحاضره الي بعدها ..


The sons and daughters of the emperor are kept in the Happy Valley. They are secluded from the outside world. They live in total seclusion from بمعزل تام the outside world. They are living in something like Paradise – paradise is supposed to be in heaven. They are living in paradise on earth-
The first chapter is all about description of the Happy Valley and the palace inside it. There is nothing dangerous or miserable inside the valley.
Certain changes are going to happen in chapter 2. Rasselas starts thinking. He starts to change. He starts having questions, to be curious about the outside world. He had instructors to tell him about the outside world. He has teachers and philosophers who teach him about the world. He can not be satisfied with what he has. He wants to have first hand knowledge- first hand experience. He wants to go and see by himself.
The two books- Robinson Crouse and Rasselas are emphasizing the human need to have first hand experience. Human beings are not satisfied with things that they are being told. All the time they need to try things.
The need to get first hand experience is the main theme in both the two novels. It seems to move the events. If Robinson had not had the curiosityفضول to know about the distant places of the world, he would have stayed with his father. If Rasselas had not been adventurous and curious فضولي enough to see what he could do, he would have stayed in the Happy Valley and would not have had all the adventuresمغامرات that form the whole book of Rasselas.
We have the concept of Tabula Rasa – what does it mean? It is like a human being at the beginning of his life like a blank sheet – whenever he gains experience, he is writing on this page. The more he lives, the more he has experience, the more he is writing on this page.
There were different points of views. Some philosophers agreed on this concept. They said that every human being is a Tabula Rasa at the beginning of his life. Then, this Tabula Rasa has the experience in life that he changes. Other philosophers did not agree. They said that even if a person is born, he knows something with instinctsغرائز.
Do you think that Robinson Crouse is a Tabula Rasa or not ? Why?
Do you think that Rasselas is a Tabula Rasa or not? Why? Give reasons for your answer.
Despite having everything in the Happy Valley, people there are not happy. They are described as prisoners. Despite all the elements that are there in the Happy Valley, there is unhappiness. Rasselas feels unhappy this is why he decided to leave the valley to the outside world. He is not satisfied with his life in the valley. This unhappiness is the motif that caused him to go and see the outside world. It is because of human curiosity, the desire for knowledge. He wants to have first hand knowledge. He does not want to get it from lessons. He wants to have his own experience in life.
The author hints to some things in chapter 1. these hints come true in chapter 2. He just hints that these people are living in luxuries, happily, having all sources for entertainment, but they are like prisoners. This is what happens actually in chapter 2. Rasselas starts having the feeling of boredom. He starts having discontent. He begins to question his teachers. He starts having this idea of escape. Most of the themes are in the first chapter. In the following chapters they are realized as we read along in the novel.
One of the major themes in the novel is the desire for first hand knowledge. The nature of happiness is another major theme. The novelist is a pessimistic. He thought that people can never be happy- there is no happiness on earth. Happiness is something allusive. Happiness has an illusive nature.
Samuel Johnson was mainly a philosopher- a man of ideas. He always thinks about the nature of things. Defoe was mainly a journalist. When he wrote his first novel Robinson Crusoe, he pretended that it was a real story.
In Rasselas the theme can be about the nature of happiness, the human desire to get first hand experience. This is something philosophical or serious. Johnson wrote many books about philosophy. This is the only book that can be considered as a novel. Some critics say that it is not a true novel; it is a book of moral allegory, philosophy.
One of the important themes in Rasselas is the theme of freedom.
The narrative voice of Rasselas is the third person narration. We have a narrator who is telling us about Rasselas. At the very beginning, in the first paragraph, is the second person narration when he is addressing his readers directly. He is calling the people to listen to him. It attracts the attention of the readers. It is like an imitation of the old manuscripts – like the Arabian Nights- Oriental Tales- these tales use the second narrative voice in order to tell the story to attract the reader's attention.
We have two narrative voices in Rasselas- the second and the third voice.
The narrative voice in Robinson Crouse is the first person narration. He is telling his own story. It has many advantages. It makes us believe what has been given to us is the true events that happened. It makes us near the style of the author. There is a sense of believing in this style, a sense of intimate or real distance between the readers and the writers.
We talked about the prose style in Robinson Crusoe.
The style of Rasselas
We have two different themes in the 18th century. People though that science will lead to human progress and happiness. This is one theme. The opposite theme was saying that science would cause weakness of morals, immorality. Morals are going to become weak because of the scientific progress. Immorality would lead to unhappiness. They were totally opposed two points of views.
In Rasselas, Samuel Johnson is making fun of- satirizing modern inventions- like those people who tried to have wings to fly- they break their necks and die. Johnson is making fun of scientific progress. He thinks that this progress will cause not happiness but immorality.
The book is a satire. It is a theme about the value of science that leads to immorality and unhappiness but it is part of the style because the style is satire. He is using the element of satire to make fun of people who believe that science equals progress and happiness. He wants to show that science leads to immorality and unhappiness. This satire element in the style of Johnson is included in his style. The style is not serious. He is using element of satire.
The novel has a loose structure- what came first and what came after.
When we read the title we start to imagine that it may be a book about an imaginary tales- a tale in the exotic place like the Arabian Nights- this is what happens as soon as we read the word Abyssinia.
The first part of the novel is when he is in the palace. As soon as he escapes and begins his adventures, we can read any chapter before the other because they are a number of adventures- very loose structure. It does not follow a sequence. It is the same as Robinson Crouse. It is not in sequence, not in order. There is no sequence in the structure of Robinson Crusoe. The events are not ordered. We can read any adventure before the other.
We have the story of all the sons and daughters of the emperor living in the happy valley. Then one of them decides to escape. He meets a man who tells him something- we have a story within the story- like the Arabian Nights.
He is telling us that here is no happiness at all.
The nature of happiness , the desire for first hand knowledge , the desire for freedom are the major themes in the novel

[M.A.S]

^
^
يجزاك الجنه يارب :love080:
واللهي ما عندي مقال والا كان جاوبتك :love080:

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

^
^
يجزاك الجنه يارب :love080:
واللهي ما عندي مقال والا كان جاوبتك :love080:


آآآميـــــــن وإياك .. :love080:

بالتوفيــــــــــــــــق جميعاً ..

[maziona]

^
^
انا عندي مقآآل .. و اتوقع اي نحفظهم لأنها جابت بالشهري كلمات بس مادري من وين يمكن من الفهم :biggrin:
فاحتياطا بحفظهم .. وبالنسبه لآخر محاضره اممم ماذكر انها قالت شي مهم عن الاختبآآر ...,

و يعطيك ألف عافيـه ع التفرييييغ :love080:

موفقه ..

[hopeful]

بنات بسالكم بالنسبه لاختبار بكرا العربي ..
القران الكريم والحديث الشريف آخر درس معنا ولا ؟
والمتنبي معنا ولا ؟
وبالنسبه للكتاب نحفظ حياتهم والتواريخ ؟

^
^
نفس السؤااااااااااااااااال -____-
ماأصدق كل بنات العربي مفهيين زيي !! = |

[maziona]

مادري صراحه :\

بس تتوقعون تجيب اسئله على شي هي ماشرحته ؟؟
ماحس د. مرفت من هالنوع :biggrin:

بس لو ماعندكم وقت عالاقل اقروهم بتركييز ...,

و بالنسبه للمتنبي على حد علمي فهمي معاناا ..

وبالنسبه للكتاب وتواريخهم هي ماقالت شي عن الاختبآر بس احفظيهم احتياطا مو كثيريين :119:


موفقيــــــــن :love080:

[حلمـــF]

الله يعينكم

[hopeful]

مادري صراحه :\

بس تتوقعون تجيب اسئله على شي هي ماشرحته ؟؟
ماحس د. مرفت من هالنوع :biggrin:

بس لو ماعندكم وقت عالاقل اقروهم بتركييز ...,

و بالنسبه للمتنبي على حد علمي فهمي معاناا ..

وبالنسبه للكتاب وتواريخهم هي ماقالت شي عن الاختبآر بس احفظيهم احتياطا مو كثيريين :119:


موفقيــــــــن :love080:
القرآن الكريم معانا ؟؟؟
مكتوب انه محذووف بس كنها كتابة يد .. مو أكيده !

معانا وللا لا ؟ =\

[maziona]

مادري والله معانا أو لاا ..

[hopeful]

شكراً مزيونه تعبتك معاي :106:

[LMo0o]

الله يوفقكم بنات على هالتعاون الجميل:love080::love080::love080::106::106:


ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*
:106:

pretty
:106:

[pretty]

ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*
يعطيك العافيه حبيبتي
الله يوووفقك ويسعدك ويفتح عليك باب من الألهام لا يسد :love080::love080::biggrin:
جزاك ربي الف خير

وبالنسبه للفهم هي جابت من الكتاب مع انها قالت ماراح اجيب
سوو ذاكرري منه

[lays]

اهلين بنات

اللحين د.صلاح كم محاظره حق رسلاس ؟؟
عندي الشرح لين تشابر ٦ بس وهي اصلا٤٩ :(

[ǎήǎ`ήổήǎ *_*]

ربي ييسر لكم النثر وكل اختبار ويفتح عليكم يااارب ...

طيب احد يعرف ارقام البراقرافات الي اخذناها بالفهم ؟؟ والبنات الي تعطيهم دكتوره ثانيه اخذتو نفس البرقرافات ؟؟

[souLs]

بنات متى اختبار النثر , بكرا ولا الاربعاء !

[maziona]

^
^
:mh12:

لا تفجعينـآآ :biggrin: .. النثر الاربعاء ان شااء الله ..

[souLs]

اوف !
الاربعاء عندي نثر و شكسبير !!
الله يعين :icon9:

[Fatimah Ahmad]

بنوتات عندي

characters - summery - comments - setting

إلى
The History Of Rasselas

في ملف وورد مرتبة ومنسقة ..
تبونها هنا أو بالكوبي سنتر:(269): ؟!!

[lays]

من ووووين ؟؟
نبي شي حق صلاح بس نعرف علي الاقل وين وصل :(

[منتدياتي]

حطيها هنا لو سمحتي

[MbsoOo6h]

فطوومه حبيبة ألبي:love080:
حطيها هنا يالغاليه ماعليك آمر

[دآآآنة الجامعه]

بنات بكره قرامر صح ولا لا؟؟

احسكم فاجعيني:mh12:

[لاتغرك ضحكتي]

بنات اختبار القرامر بكره الى وين :sdfgdsf:
معقوله فيه زياده على آخر اختبار اللي اختبرناه بآخر اسبوع !! :000:
بليييييييز اللي تعرف اي شي عن الاختبار او طريقة الاسئله تقول لي
عندي معاه نثر ثالثه بتطلع روووووووحي :bawling:

[لاتغرك ضحكتي]

بنات بكره قرامر صح ولا لا؟؟

احسكم فاجعيني:mh12:

اييييييييييييه بكره

[لاتغرك ضحكتي]

up

up

up

ردووووووووا على سؤاااااااااااااااالي

:sdfgdsf:

[pretty]

لا مافيه زياده ابداً
وطريقة الأسئله
قال ماراح تتغير
طريقته المعتاده

الله يوووفقك في المادتين

[لاتغرك ضحكتي]

يسلمو حبيبتي بريتي :love080:
ويوفقك يارب :wink:

[hopeful]

بنات كيف طريقة اختبار الGrammar .. وطريقة اختبار الـ Essay ?
لا هنتو:love080:

[يوونا]

:(204):

[maziona]

مرحبآآ بنـآآت ..,

بليز لأي ستيب وصلنا في المقال ؟؟ ووش القطع الي معانا بالفهم ؟؟

و شكرآآ

[نقوش جدار]

step 15

والفهم خذنآ : 14 و 16 و 18