Lecture 5
Naturalism
American Naturalism in Literature
(part (2
31- The naturalistic novel usually contains?
Two tensions or contradictions
32- The naturalistic novel usually contains two tensions or contradictions, and the two in conjunction comprise both an interpretation of?
Experience and a particular aesthetic recreation of experience
33- The naturalistic novel usually contains two tensions or contradictions, and the two in conjunction comprise both an interpretation of experience and a particular aesthetic recreation of experience in other words, the two constitute the?
Theme and form of the naturalistic novel
34- The first tensions that between the subject matter of the naturalistic novel and?
The concept of man which emerges from this subject matter
35- The naturalist populates his novel primarily from?
The lower middle class or the lower class
36- Naturalist fictional world is that of the?
Common place and unheroic in which life would seem to be chiefly the dull round of daily existence
37- But the naturalist discovers in this world those qualities of man usually associated with?
The heroic or adventurous
38- A naturalistic novel is thus……….of realism?
An extension
39- A naturalistic novel is thus an extension of realism only in the sense that both modes often deal with?
The local and contemporary
40- The naturalist,however, discovers in this material the……….And…….in human nature?
Extraordinary and excessive
41- The second tension involves?
Theme of the naturalistic novel
42- The naturalist often describes his characters as though they are conditioned and controlled by?
Environment,heredity, instinct, or chance
43- But he also suggests a compensating …………….. in his characters or their fates which affirms the significance of the individual and of his life?
Humanistic value
44- The tension here is that between the naturalist's desire to represent in fiction the?
*new,discomfiting truths which he has found in the ideas
*life of his late nineteenth-century world
*his desire to find some meaning in experience which reasserts the validity of the human enterprise
45- Characters in naturalistic literature are?
*frequently but not invariably ill-educated or lower-class characters
*whose lives are governed by the forces of heredity,instinct, and passion
*Those whose their attempts at exercising free will or choice are hamstrung by forces beyond their control
46- Setting in naturalism is frequently…….. setting, as in
Norris's McTeague?
An urban
47- Walcutt says that the naturalistic novel offers "clinical, panoramic, slice-of-life"drama that is often a "chronicle of despair". This description is in regard of talking about?
Techniques and plots
48- Walcutt identifies survival, determinism, violence, and taboo as?
Key themes in naturalism
49- Themes in naturalism?
*The"brute within" each individual, composed of strong and often warring emotions
*The forces of heredity and environment as they affect--and afflict--individual lives
*Nature as an indifferent force acting on the lives of human beings
*An indifferent, deterministic universe
50- The conflict in naturalistic novels is often?
"man against nature" or "man against himself"
51- The conflict in naturalistic novels is often "man against nature" or"man against himself" as characters struggle to retain a?
"veneer of civilization"
52- One of the themes of naturalism is that nature is considered as…….force acting on the lives of human beings?
An indifferent force
53-The romantic vision of Wordsworth—that" nature…..?
"nature never did betray the heart that loved her"
54- "This tower was a giant, standing with its back to the plight of the ants…" this represent the view of?
Stephen Crane's view in "The Open Boat"
55- An indifferent,deterministic universe. Naturalistic texts often describe the futile attempts of human beings to exercise free will, often ironically presented, in this universe that reveals free will as?
An illusion
56- One of the practitioner of naturalism is……….who wrote “The House of Mirth” (1905)?
Edith Wharton
57- One of the practitioner of naturalism is……….who wrote “Barren Ground” (1925)?
Ellen Glasgow
58- One of the practitioner of naturalism is……….who wrote "The Big Money" (1936)?
John Dos Passos
59- One of the practitioner of naturalism is……….who wrote "Studs Lonigan" (1934)?
James T.Farrell
60- One of the practitioner of naturalism is……….who wrote "The Grapes of Wrath" (1939)?
John Steinbeck
61- One of the practitioner of naturalism is……….who wrote "Native Son" (1940), "Black Boy" (1945)?
Richard Wright
62- One of the practitioner of naturalism is……….who wrote "The Naked and the Dead"(1948)?
Norman Mailer
63- Other writers sometimes identified as naturalists?
*Sherwood Anderson, "Winesburg,Ohio" (1919)
*Abraham Cahan, "The Making of an American Citizen"
*Kate Chopin; “The Awakening”
*Rebecca Harding Davis
*William Faulkner
*Henry Blake Fuller, "The Cliff-Dwellers"
*Hamlin Garland, "Rose of Dutcher's Coolly"
*Robert Herrick, "The Memoirs of an American Citizen" (1905)
*Ernest Hemingway
*E. W.Howe, "The Story of a Country Town"